假设你是育才中学学生会主席李华。你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛（speech contest）,希望附近某大学的外籍教师Smith 女士来做评委。请参照以下比赛通知给她写一封信。
（2010·全国Ⅰ） 英语演讲比赛 主题：人与自然
时间：6月15日下午 2:00-5:00 地点：501教室参赛选手：10名学生 联系人：李华（电话 44876655） 欢迎大家光临 注意：词数100左右。 范文背诵 Dear Ms. Smith，
I’m Li Hua, Chair of the Student Union of Yucai Middle School, which is close to your university. I’m writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held in our
school on June 15. It will start at 2:00 pm and last for about three hours. Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic “Man and Nature”. We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you. Please call me at 44876655 if you have any questions.
I am looking forward to your reply.
With best wishes,
Li Hua 句型背诵
①I’m writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held in our school on June 15. ②Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic “Man and Nature”. ③We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you. 1. _____ n. 成就;功绩→ _____ v. 达到;完成;实现 2. _____ n.专家;专业工作者→ _____ adj.特殊的；专门的；n.特派人员→ _____ vi.专攻；专门从事；专注于 3. _____ n.连接;关系→ _____ v.连接；联合 4. _____ n.运动;战役;vi.作战;参加运动 5. _____ vt.&vi.举动;（举止或行为）表现→ _____ n.行为;举止；习性 6. _____ n.萌;阴凉处；vt.遮住光线 7. _____ adj.值得的;值得做的→ _____ adj.值……钱;值得……的；n.价值→ _____ adj.值得做的;可尊敬的 8. _____ vt.观察;观测;遵守→ _____ n.观察;观测 9. _____ vt.&n.尊敬;尊重;敬意 → _____ adj.值得尊敬的;正派的;体面的→ _____ adj.有礼貌的，恭敬的 10. _____ vt.&vi.讨论；争论;辩论→ _____ n.争论;争吵；争辩 11. _____ n.人群;观众；vt.挤满;使拥挤 → _____ adj.拥挤的 12. _____
vt.鼓舞;激发；启示 → _____ adj.凭直觉的;有灵感的→
_____adj.鼓舞人心的→
_____n.鼓舞;灵感 13. _____
n.&vt.支持；拥护→ _____ n.支持者；拥护者 14. _____vt.计划;打算 → _____ n.打算;目的；意图 15. _____adj.考虑周到的→ _____ v.考虑；认为→
_____n.考虑;体谅→ _____ prep.考虑到;就……而言 16. _____ vt.递送;生（小孩儿）;接生;发表（演说等）→ _____ n.投递;交付;分娩 答案：1. achievement；achieve2. specialist；special；specialize 3. connection；connect4. campaign5. behave；behaviour 6. shade7. worthwhile；worth；worthy 8. observe；observation9. respect；respectable；respectful 10. argue；argument11. crowd；crowded 12. inspire；inspired；inspiring；inspiration 13. support；supporter14. intend；intention 15. considerate；consider；consideration；considering 16. deliver；delivery 1. concern oneself______
使自己参与,关心 2. devote ______
献身于 3. wake ______
醒来 4. move ______
离开；起程；出发 5. look down ______ / ______
蔑视 6. argue ______
为……辩护 7. crowd ______
（想法、问题等）涌上心头； 涌入脑海 8. refer ______
查阅；参考；谈到 9. do research ______ ...
从事……研究 10. be busy ______
忙于做 答案：1. with2. to3. up4. off5. upon/on 6. for7. in8. to9. on10. doing
1. She spent years ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ . 她花去多年的时间观察和记录它们的日常活动。 2. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ . 她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。 3. She has ______ that wild animals ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ and not used for entertainment or advertisements. 她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不能用于娱乐或广告。 答案：1. observing and recording their daily activities
2. was she allowed to begin her project
3. argued；should be left in the wild 1. observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守
He will observe Jupiter and its moons for two years. 他将对木星及其卫星进行为期两年的观测。 The woman was observed to follow him closely. 有人看到那女子紧跟着他。 用法点拨： observe后跟do或v.-ing作宾补；跟不定式作宾补时，如果变成被动语态，要把不定式符号to加上。类似用法的动词还有：see, watch，hear，notice等。
常用结构： observe sb. do sth.观察某人做某事(已做完) be observed to do被看到做某事 observe sb. doing sth.观察某人正在做某事 【联想拓展】 observation n.观察；观察力；监视 under observation在监视下 【即学即练】完成句子 ①他们看见他正走入银行。 They____
him _____ the bank. ②他受到警方严密监视。 He was
by the police. 答案：①observed; entering②under observation 单项填空 ③The patients were _____ over a period of several weeks. A. watched
B. noticed
C. observed
D. stared at
解析:选C。observe观察（某一行为或现象）；watch 观看;注意;留心看（活动，娱乐节目，事件）等；notice指无意识的注意到；stare at凝视;盯住。根据句意，选C。 2. argue vt.&vi. 讨论；辩论；争论 The United States should, he argues, attempt to remain aloof. 他认为，美国应保持超然态度。 用法点拨：argue后面可以跟that引导的宾语从句，也可以与其他介词搭配。 常用结构： argue for (sb./sth.)支持(某人/某事) argue against (sb./sth.)反对（某人/某事) argue with sb. (about/over sth.)与某人(为某事)争辩 argue that...主张…… argue sb. into/out of doing sth. =persuade sb. to/not to do sth.说服某人做/不做某事 【联想拓展】 argument n.［C］论据；争辩；争吵
have an argument about/over sth.辩论某事
【即学即练】 完成句子 ①不要和你的母亲争辩。 Don’ t _____ _____
your mother. ②We_____ _____ _____ _____
(说服她加入) us. 答案：①argue with②argued her into joining 用适当的介词填空 ③We argued ____ the waiter ____ the price ____ the meal. 答案：with; about/ over; of 3. support vt.&n. 支持；拥护 Is this bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries? 这座桥禁得住重型卡车通行吗? He was weak with hunger, so I had to support him. 他饿得没有力气, 我得搀着他。 用法点拨：support可以用作动词，也可以用作名词。作为动词时，一般用作及物动词；作为名词时，多用其不可数形式。 常用结构： support sb. in (doing) sth.在（做）某事方面支持某人
support sb. by (doing) sth.通过（做）某事支持某人 in support of sb./sth.支持或支援某人/事 support oneself自力更生
give support to sb.支持，支援某人 【即学即练】完成句子 ①你支持我参加竞选吗? Will you _____ me_____
my campaign for election? ②我需要一些经济支持来做这个项目。 I need some financial _____ _____ this project. ③我们有十个人做饭, 还有几个人可随时来帮忙。 We have ten people to do cooking, with several more _____ _____ . 答案：①support; in②support for③in support 用适当的介词填空 ④Jim was a great support _____ them when their father died. 答案：to 翻译句子 ⑤我求学期间由父母供养。 __________________________________________________________ 答案：I was supported by my parents when I was studying. 4. intend vt.
计划；打算 I meant it to be an informal discussion, but it didn’t turn out as I intended (it should). 我本想随便商量一下, 结果事与愿违。 It’s not what I intended (it to be).那并不是我的本意。 派生词： intended adj.←
→intention n. 常用结构：
be intended for专供……使用，专为……而设计 intend to do/doing打算…… intend sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事
【联想拓展】 intention n.打算；目的；意图 by intention故意地 without intention不是故意的 intend v. have no intention of doing...无意做…… 【即学即练】完成句子 ①我认为那颗炸弹是冲我来的。 I think the bomb was_____ _____
me. ②他说那话是什么意思？ What _____ _____ _____ by that remark? 答案：①intended for②did he intend 单项填空 ③The book, ___ for her sister, was lost in the mail.（2010·南京检测） A. intended as pleasant surprise B. intending as pleasant surprise
C. intended as a pleasant surprise D. intending for pleasant surprise
解析:选C。intend sth. for sb.意为“为某人准备某物”，book与intend为逻辑上的被动关系，因此用过去分词短语作定语；surprise在这里用作单数，表示“一个惊喜”。 5. deliver vt.生(小孩儿)；递送；发表(演说等) The doctor delivered her baby.医生给她接生。 Newspapers are delivered every day.报纸每天都送来。 常用结构： deliver sth. （to sb.）投递/传送某物（给某人） deliver a speech发表演说
deliver a baby接生小孩；生小孩 deliver sth. to...把某物送到…… 【联想拓展】 delivery n.支付；递送
express delivery快递 on delivery收货时 【速记名片】
【即学即练】
完成句子
①她生了一个健康的男孩。 She was_____
a healthy boy.
②她给学生们作了一次有关哲学的演说。 She _____ _____ _____ on philosophy to the students.
答案：①delivered②delivered a talk 6. look down upon/on 蔑视；看不起 She looks down on people whove never been to university. 她瞧不起没上过大学的人。 【联想拓展】 look forward to盼望；期待（to为介词）
look up to敬仰；尊重 look into调查；了解
look up抬头看；查阅look out当心；留心 look on旁观
look on/upon ...as ...把……看作…… look back on回首；回顾look through浏览；审查 【即学即练】 完成句子 ①He was_____ _____ _____
(被人看不起) because of his humble background. ②He is_____ _____ _____ (被认为是) the leading authority on the subject. ③If you want to know how a word is used,
it _____ _____ （查阅） in a dictionary. ④我们非常盼望再见到你。 We’re so much _____ _____ _____ seeing you again. 答案：①looked down on②looked on as③look; up ④looking forward to 7. come across（偶然）遇到；发现;被理解 I came across my English teacher on may way home. 在回家的路上，我偶然碰到了我的英语老师。 【联想拓展】 come up with想到；提出（答案、办法等） come about发生 come off脱落；进行；表现 come out出版；出现；开花；透露 come over越过；来到；来访 come into being形成；产生 come back回来；返回 come on开始；进步；快点 【即学即练】 完成句子 ①你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗? Can you tell me how the accident _____ _____ ? ②他讲了很久, 但并没有人真正理解他的意思。 He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn’t really be _____ _____ . 答案：①came about②come across 单项填空 ③Tom _____ a secret garden beside his school. A. came along
B. came about C. came over
D. came across 解析:选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：汤姆偶然发现学校旁边的一个秘密花园。come across偶然发现。 8. carry on 继续；坚持 Carry on (working/with your work) while I’m away. 我不在的时候, 要继续工作。 【联想拓展】 carry out贯彻；执行（计划/命令/指示等） carry sth. through to the end有始有终 carry about随身携带 carry away运走；使失去自制力 【即学即练】完成句子 ①It is a difficult job but she’s the person to carry it ____（成功完成）. ②Don’t blame me. I’m only ____ _____（执行）orders. 答案：①through②carrying out 单项填空 ③Do you mind if I____with my work while you are getting tea ready. A. carry out
B. come on
C. carry on
D. go over 解析:选C。carry on 在这里是“继续下去”的意思。carry out 也有“进行，开展”的意思，然而carry on为不及物动词，而 carry out为及物动词。 9. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.(P2) 她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。“only+状语”放在句首时，主句部分要用部分倒装，即：将助动词、情态动词或连系动词置于主语之前。但“only+主语”放在句首时，主句不倒装。 Only in this way can we learn English better. 只有这样，我们才能学更好地学习英语。 Only then did I remember that I had left my cell phone in the restaurant. 到那时我才记起我把手机忘在餐馆里了。 Only when Mum is sick will she stay in bed. 只有生病的时候妈妈才会卧床休息。 温馨提示：only位于句首修饰主语时，句子不用倒装。 Only when Mum is sick will she stay in bed. 只有生病的时候妈妈才会卧床休息。 温馨提示：only位于句首修饰主语时，句子不用倒装。 Only you can make the question easy to deal with. 只有你让这个问题解决起来变得容易。 【即学即练】 单项填空 ①How much _____ she looked without her glasses! A. Well
B. good
C. best
D. better
解析:选D。句意为：她不戴眼镜看起来好看多了！题干中much 可以用来修饰比较级，四个选项中只有D项为比较级。 ② _____by keeping down cost will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies.
A. Only
B. Just
C. Still
D. Yet 解析:选A。四个选项中，只用“only+状语”放在句首时，主句才用部分倒装。 Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. I’ve _a____ only half of what I’d hoped to do. 2. You can go out on _c____ that you wear an overcoat. 3. She _d all her efforts to her task. 4. The police _o____ the man enter the hotel. 5. It is unnecessary to _a____ with them. 6. Will you_____ (支持) me in my future career? 7. Hes involved in the _____(组织）of a new club. 8. She was ashamed of her children’s bad _____(举止). 9. This is _____(娱乐),not all of life. 10. Did you _____(传递) my message to my father? 答案：1. achieved2. condition3. devoted4. observed 5. argue6. support7. organization8. behaviour 9. entertainment10. deliver Ⅱ. 同义句转换 1. It occurred to me that I had left my dictionary at home. It _____ me that I had left my dictionary at home. 2. Mother seemed to know that. It _____ that mother _____ that. 3. A teacher observed her climb over the gate. She was observed _____ _____ over the gate by the teacher. 4. He was able to return home only when the war was over in 1945. Only when the war was over in 1945 _____ _____ _____ to return home. 5. He decided to study hard this term. He _____ _____ to study hard this term. 答案：1. struck2. seemed; knew3. to climb 4. was he able5. was determined Ⅲ. 完成句子 1. Britain _____ _____ (为……作战) the US in the War of Independence; the Americans were _____ _____ (为……作战) their freedom.（fight） 2. He has _____ _____ _____ _____ （献身于）helping blind people. （devote） 3. I am _____ _____ (决心) go and nothing will stop me.（determine） 4. Has the Minister of Foreign Affairs _____ _____ (联络) the American President yet?（communicate） 5. The beautiful picture _____ _____ _____ (吸引了我的注意).（catch） 答案：1. fought with; fighting for2. devoted his life to 3. determined to4. communicated with 5. caught my eye/attention Ⅳ. 单项填空 1. I don’t mind what time tomorrow you arrive at my place _____ you promise to come and help me. A. on condition that
B. so far as C. as well as
D. as good as 解析：选A。考查短语辨析。on condition that 只有在……的条件下，符合题意
2. Wallace and Darwin didn’t agree _____ different forms of life had begun. A. with the person whose
B. on the way in which C. on the way which
D. to the plan to which 解析：选B。agree on意为“在……取得一致意见”，符合句意。如果选C项，which在定语从句中作begin的宾语，定语从句应改成“different forms of life had begun the way”很明显是错误的。故选B。 3. The seller would sell the skirt for 50 dollars, but the customer _____ only half the price, and finally they agreed _____ the price. A. supplied; on B. charged; on C. offered; with D. offered; on 解析：选D。charge要价，不符合顾客的所为，故排除B项；supply意为“供给”，与句意不符；offer意为“出价”；agree with意为“同意某人的意见”；agree on意为“（对……）意见一致”，因此，D项符合句意。 4. The lawyer was so kind that he devoted all his spare time he had _____ the disabled. A. to helping
B. helped
C. helping
D. to help 解析：选A。he had是修饰time的定语从句，因此排除B项；在短语devote ...to 中to是介词，其后应用名词或动名词，而且to不可省略，故选A。句意为：这名律师很热心，他的业余时间都用来帮助残疾人。 5. —Why haven’t you bought any butter?
—I _____ to but I forgot about it. A. liked
B. wished
C. meant
D. expected 解析：选C。考查根据语境和句意使用动词的能力。答语中to后省略了buy，依据but判断答语两句之间为转折关系，所以后文说“忘记了”,故前文一定是说“打算买”。能表达此意的只有C项，mean to do意为“有……的意图;打算”。 6. Only by shouting at the top of his voice _____ . A. he was able to make himself hear B. he was able to make himself heard C. was he able to make himself hear D. was he able to make himself heard
解析：选D。“only+状语”放在句首时，主句倒装，故排除A、B两项；根据make oneself done可知，答案为D。 7. It was only when I read this story for a second time _____ to appreciate its beauty. A. did I begin
B. that I began
C. then I began
D. had I begun 解析：选B。考查强调句型。It is/was...that...，故选B。 8. Only after _____ did people know it was not an accident, but an attack of some kind. A. the second tower of the World Trade Centre was hit B. did the second tower of the World Trade Centre fall C. was the second tower of the World Trade Centre hit D. the second tower of the World Trade Centre was fallen 解析：选A。only后的状语从句不倒装，主句倒装，故排除B、C两项；fall不可用于被动语态中。故选A。句意为：只有在世界贸易中心的第二座塔被撞上后，人们才知道这不是事故，而是某种袭击。 9. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it. A. the way
B. in the way that
C. in the way D. the way which 解析：选A。选项在句中作表语，故排除B、C两项；way之后不能接which引导的定语从句。故选A。 10. It’s no use trying to solve problems_____ . Talks are the only solution. A. by the way of war
B. by force C. by communication
D. by means 解析：选B。way之前用介词in表示“用……方法”，故排除A项；C项表示的句意与后一句不一致。故选B。 11. She knows so much about England. She _____ there before. A. must be
B. must live C. must have been
D. must have lived in 解析：选C。从句意可知，应该用must have done结构，由于地点副词前一般不能使用介词，因而选C。 12. —Would you like to come to my birthday party? — _____to go to. At what time it will
start? A. I’m very willing
B. I’m too willing C. I’m sorry I have no time
D. I hate
解析：选B。从答语的第二句看，回答者愿意去参加。故排除C、D两项。too...to在修饰某些特殊词时，表示肯定的用法，故最佳答案为B。 13. Don’t _____ a person only because he has failed in an examination. A. look up
B. look down C. look down on
D. look up to 解析：选C。句意为：不要因为一个人在考试中失败就看不起他。look down upon/on轻视；看不起；look up查询；look down低头；look up to尊重。根据句意，选C。 14. It was with great joy_____
he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. A. bcause
B. which
C. since
D. that 解析：选D。考查强调结构。强调原因状语，故选D。 15. Although the working mother is very busy, she still _____ a lot of time to her children. A. devotes
B. spends
C. offers
D. provides 解析：选A。devote倾注；投入；spend花费；offer提供；提出； provide供应；供给。根据句意，选A。