专题 十一 │ 专题预测
()9.In peace, too,the Red Cross is expected to send help ________ there is human suffering.
A.whoever
B.wherever
C.whatever
D.however
B 考查让步状语从句的用法。此处wherever there is human suffering意为:人类灾难存在的地方。 专题十二 定语从句 专题 十二 │定语从句 专题导读 专题 十二 │ 专题导读
定语从句考查的重点是关系代词与关系副词的辨别,以及“介词+关系代词”型的定语从句。其中对as,which,whose用法的考查也比较多。考查方式由知识结构的单一性向综合性、交叉性转变;由关系代词向“介词+关系代词”、关系副词转变。
复习时尤其要注意以下两种定语从句:(1)以抽象地点(mark, situation, case, point, scene, business等)、抽象时间名词(occasion等)作先行词的定语从句中关系词的使用。(2) “隔离型”定语从句。即运用插入语,介词/副词短语等手段使先行词远离关系代词或关系副词,以达到增加试题难度的效果。同时还要注意定语从句和强调结构的综合考查。 真题再现 专题 十二 │ 真题再现
()1. [2010·北京]
Children who are not active or ________diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
A.whatB.whose C.whichD.that
B 本题考查定语从句引导词。先行词Children和diet之间是所属关系,用whose 来引导定语从句。 专题 十二 │ 真题再现
()2. [2010·江西] The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister ________ she would stay for an hour.
A.where
B.who
C.which
D.what
A 考查定语从句。关系副词where引导的定语从句修饰the training centre。 专题 十二 │ 真题再现
()3. [2010·全国Ⅱ] I refuse to accept the blame for something ________ was someone else’s fault.
A.who
B.that
C.as
D.what
B 考查定语从句的关系词。先行词something为不定代词,指物,因此用that引导限制性定语从句。
专题 十二 │ 真题再现
()4. [2010·江苏] The newly-built café, the walls of________are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
A.that
B.it
C.what
D.which
D 本题考查定语从句。先行词为cafe,此处the walls of which可以变化成“whose walls”,在从句中作主语。 专题 十二 │ 真题再现
()5. [2010·上海] Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________ we may return in the near future.
A.on which
B.by which
C.to which
D.from which
C 考查“介词+which”的用法。原句可转换成Wind power is an ancient source of energy which we may return to in the near future.
专题 十二 │ 真题再现
()6. [2010·全国Ⅰ] As a child, Jack studied in a village school,________ is named after his grandfather.
A.which
B.where
C.what
D.that
A 考查定语从句引导词的用法。这里which引导非限制性定语从句并充当其主语。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。 专题 十二│ 真题再现
()7. [2010·四川] After graduating from college,I took some time off to go travelling,________ turned out to be a wise decision.
A.that
B.which
C.when
D.where
B 考查连词词义辨析。这里which引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是整个主句。
专题 十 │ 真题再现
()9. [2010·天津] As a new graduate, he doesn’t know ________ it takes to start a business here.
A.how
B.what
C.when
D.which
B 考查从句的连接词。what 引导的宾语从句在后面的从句中作takes 的宾语。
专题 十 │ 真题再现
()10. [2010·浙江] —How about camping this weekend, just for a change?
—OK,
________you want.
A.whichever
B.however
C.whatever
D.whoever
C 本题考查状语从句。根据句意:“这个周末出去野营,变换一下,怎么样?”“好,无论(whatever, 引导状语从句,作want的宾语)怎样都行”。 专题预测 专题 十 │ 专题预测
()1.It is reported that most of the families’ income is now three times or more ________ it was 3 years ago.
A.than
B.that
C.what
D.which
C 考查名词性从句。英语中表示倍数关系时可以使用“倍数+ the +名词”这一结构,其中的名词可以是名词性从句。本句中连接词what引导名词性从句,并在从句中充当表语,其作用相当于the income that。
专题 十 │ 专题预测
()2.After months of voyage, Columbus arrived in ________ later proved a new continent.
A.where
B.what
C.that
D.which
B 考查从句的辨析及引导词的选择。很显然,介词in后跟的是一个宾语从句,既引导宾语从句,又在从句中作主语,所以应该用what。句意为:经过几个月的航行,哥伦布到达了后来被称作新大陆的地方。 专题 十 │ 专题预测
()3.________ we should do is leaving a note for Mum to tell her we won’t be back till late.
A.That
B.What
C.When
D.Why
B 考查名词性从句。what引导主语从句且在从句中作谓语动词do的宾语。句意为:我们应该做的就是给妈妈留一张便条,告诉她我们回来得会晚些。that也可以引导主语从句,但只起引导作用,不作句子成分;C和D 项在从句中分别作时间状语和原因状语,故应排除。 专题 十 │ 专题预测
()4.—You know I gave up the job as a waiter and went to that little company.
—That’s ________ you’ve made a mistake. That company isn’t well managed.
A.what
B.why
C.where
D.how
C 考查表语从句的连接词。句意为:“你知道,我辞去了服务员的工作去了那家小公司。”“那就是你犯错误的地方。那家公司管理不好。”这里指的是对方错误所在,而不是犯错的原因,所以选C项。 专题 十 │ 专题预测
()5.Information has been put forward ________ Zhao Wei will play an important role in this film.
A.while
B.that
C.when
D.as
B 考查同位语从句的引导词。引导同位语从句,用以解释说明information的具体内容。 专题 十 │ 专题预测
()6.—You look anxious these days, Lucy. What is it that you are anxious about?
—________ in persuading my classmates into joining us.
A.If we can succeed
B.That we can succeed
C.Can we succeed
D.Whether we can succeed
D 考查名词性从句。句意为:是否能说服我的同学加入到我们中间来让我很担心。答语充当问句中介词about的宾语,所以使用连接代词whether。 专题 十 │ 专题预测
()7.These foreign teachers say they will go ________ they are needed to teach English after they arrive in China.
A.to place
B.to where
C.wherever
D.to matter where
C wherever意为“在任何地方,无论在哪里”,在意思上和语气上要比where强烈。
专题 十│ 专题预测
()8.The child pointed to ________his village lay, and told us how beautiful it was.
A.the place
B.there
C.what
D.where
D 考查名词性从句的引导词。介词to后出现宾语从句,引导词在从句中作地点状语,说明村庄的位置,因此用where。 如果把A项后加上where也是正确的。
专题 十 │ 专题预测
()9.________some teenagers don’t realize is ________ difficult life can be after they get addicted to smoking.
A.What; how
B.That; how
C.What; what a
D.That; what
A 考查名词性从句和感叹句。从句子结构上分析,is是主句的谓语,其前是一个主语从句,从句中realize是及物动词,缺少宾语,所以应该用what引导主语从句;is之后是一个感叹句充当表语,且强调形容词difficult,故用how。 专题 十 │ 专题预测
()10.The time is not far away ________ the news will be made known ________ will represent our company to attend the coming medical conference to be held in Beijing.
A.until; that
B.when;who
C.before;which
D.when;whoever
B 考查定语从句和名词性从句。第一空用when引导定语从句,先行词是The time;第二空用who引导同位语从句,用来解释the new的内容。
专题十一 状语从句 专题 十一 │状语从句 专题导读 专题 十一 │ 专题导读
状语从句包括时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句,让步状语从句,原因状语从句,目的状语从句和结果状语从句。其考点主要集中在连接词的掌握上,比如until, before, since, when, in case等的各种语义功能和语法功能。 真题再现 专题 十一 │ 真题再现
()1. [2010·湖南] Tim is in good shape physically ________ he doesn’t get much exercise.
A.if B.even though
C.unless
D.as long as
B 考查状语从句。句意为:尽管Tim不经常锻炼,但他身材很好。句子前后是让步转折关系,故选B。
专题 十一 │ 真题再现
()2. [2010·山东] The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ________ accompanied by an adult.
A.once
B.when
C.if
D.unless
D 连词unless表示“if they are not…”。 专题 十一 │ 真题再现
()3. [2010·上海] ________ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
A.However a serious problem
B.What a serious problem
C.However serious a problem
D.What serious a problem
C 考查让步状语从句。根据句意“无论你有多么严重的问题,你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战”可知选C。however作连接副词,相当于no matter how,后接形容词或副词,意为“无论、不管” ,引导让步状语从句,其顺序为“however+形容词、副词+主语+谓语”。
专题 十一 │ 真题再现
()4. [2010·四川] Because of the heavy traffic,it was already time for lunch break ________she got to her office.
A.sinceB.thatC.whenD.until
C 考查连词词义辨析。从句意“当她到达时,已经是午餐时间了”,知道这里是表示时间“当……时”,故用when。 专题 十一 │ 真题再现
()5. [2010·辽宁] The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair ________ he wanted to sit next to his wife.
A.although
B.unless
C.because
D.if
C 考查从属连词。空格前后两个句子在逻辑意义上存在因果关系,所以用because引导原因状语从句。although引导让步状语从句;unless和if引导条件状语从句。句意:这位老人叫露茜挪到另一把椅子上,因为他想跟他妻子挨着坐。 专题 十一 │ 真题再现
()6. [2010·重庆] Today, we will begin ________we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.
A.when
B.where
C.how
D.what
B 考查状语从句引导词。where在这里引导地点状语从句。句意为:今天我们从昨天停止的地方开始,这样就不会遗漏要点了。 专题 十一 │ 真题再现
()7. [2010·福建] The girl had hardly rung the bell ________ the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.
A.before
B.until
C.as
D.since
A 考查连词。句意为:“这个女孩几乎没来得及按门铃,门就突然被打开了,她的朋友冲出门去欢迎她。”before“在……之前,还没来得及”;until“直到……时(为止)”;as“当……的时候”;since“自从……以来”。 专题 十一 │ 真题再现
()8. [2010·安徽] The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, ________they have the interest.
A.wherever
B.whenever
C.even if
D.as if
C 考查状语从句。句意为:工程师们这么忙,以致即使他们有兴趣,也没有一点时间进行户外活动。 专题 十一│ 真题再现
()9.[2010·江西] —Our holiday cost a lot of money.
—Did it? Well, that doesn’t matter ________ you enjoyed yourselves.
A.as long as
B.unless
C.as soon as
D.though
A 考查状语从句连接词的用法。as long as引导条件状语从句,表示“只要……就”。
专题 十一 │ 真题再现
()10. [2010·全国Ⅰ] Mary made coffee ________ her guests were finishing their meal.
A.so that
B.although
C.while
D.as if
C 考查状语从句引导词的用法。while这里表示“在……期间”。 专题预测 专题 十一 │ 专题预测
()1.Our society insists on regular habits, timekeeping and punctuality, and whether we like it or not,
________ we mean to make our way in society, we have to act in accordance with them.
A.whether
B.after
C.if
D.until
C 考查状语从句的引导词。句意为:我们所生活的这个社会坚守着一些约定的习俗,守时守规矩。那么,不管我们是不是喜欢这样,如果我们打算在这个社会中生活下去,那么我们就要遵守这些规则。根据语意,if在句中引导条件状语从句。 专题 十一 │ 专题预测
()2.________ I’ve paid the children’s school fees,
I’ll be heavily in debt for the next six months.
A.Unless
B.While
C.Now that
D.As long as
C 考查原因状语从句。句意为:由于我已付了孩子们的学费,接下来的6个月我将负债。unless除非;while当……时,虽然;now that由于,既然;as long as只要。主句和从句是因果关系,因此用now that。 专题 十一 │ 专题预测
()3.Many people believe we are heading for environmental disaster ________ we basically change the way we live.
A.but
B.although
C.unless
D.once
C 考查连词的用法。unless“除非”,引导条件状语从句。句意为:许多人认为除非我们从根本上改变我们的生活方式,否则我们正走向环境大灾难。but表示转折;although“尽管”,引导让步状语从句,不符合题意;once“一旦”,引导条件状语从句,意义不符合本句。故选C。 专题 十一 │ 专题预测
()4.________ the pressure increased day by day, students devoted themselves to their study to realize their dreams.
A.Even if
B.As if
C.Even as
D.If only
A 考查状语从句。句意为:虽然学生的压力一天天增加,但他们还是努力学习以实现他们的梦想。even if 意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句,符合题意。 专题 十一 │ 专题预测
()5.It matters little who does it ________ it is done, for you see, we are short of hands now.
A.as soon as
B.as far as
C.as early as
D.as long as
D 考查状语从句的连接词。句意为:只要做了是谁做的并不重要,你知道我们现在缺人手。 专题 十一 │ 专题预测
()6.As is reported, it won’t be long ________ our country ________ an unmanned spaceship to explore the moon.
A.since;sends up
B.until;sends up
C.before;sends up
D.before;will send up
C 考查状语从句。It won’t be long +before从句,表示“不久……就……”。从句用一般现在时表示将来,句意为:据报道,不久后我们国家也将发射无人驾驶的宇宙飞船探月。 专题 十一 │ 专题预测
()7.________ you’ve got two film tickets, you may as well invite Mary to go with you tonight.
A.Now that
B.After all
C.Although
D.As soon as
A now that意为“既然”,引导原因状语从句。句意为:既然你得到了两张电影票,今晚就应该邀请玛丽同去。after all不是连词,although“尽管”和as soon as“一……就……”不合题意。 专题 十一│ 专题预测
()8.We were greatly impressed by her determination in overcoming difficulties and her being kind ________ others were unkind to her.
A.if only
B.even when
C.as if
D.as soon as
B 考查状语从句。根据题意可知,此处说明即使当其他人对她并不友好的时候,她还是很友好。even when引导时间状语从句,意思是“即使当……的时候”。if only“要是……该多好”,后面跟虚拟语气;as if“好像”,引导方式状语从句;as soon as“一……就”,引导时间状语从句。 专题九 数词与主谓一致 专题 九 │数词与主谓一致 专题导读 专题 九 │ 专题导读
主谓一致是中学英语的重点与难点之一。而“三个一致”的原则近年已逐渐从“语法上一致”转向“意义一致”,但是“就近原则”也不容忽略,所以在学习与运用“三个一致”原则时,一定要全面掌握,并结合句子所提供的具体语境通盘考虑,才不至于顾此失彼。而数词的考查主要是倍数的表达以及概数和确数表达。 真题再现 专题 九 │ 真题再现
()1. [2010·湖南] Listening to loud music at rock concerts ________ caused hearing loss in some teenagers.
A.isB.areC.hasD.have
C 考查主谓一致和时态。动名词短语作主语,句子的谓语动词用单数形式,由此排除B、D两项。根据主语与caused的主动关系,排除A,即选C。 专题 九 │ 真题再现
()2. [2010·四川] Such poets as Shakespeare ________ widely read,of whose works,however,some ________difficult to understand.
A.are;are
B.is;is
C.are;is
D.is;are
A 考查主谓一致。第一空poets作主语,复数谓语用are,第二空some of his works作主语,表示复数的概念,依然用are。 专题 九 │ 真题再现
()3. [2010·陕西] It is reported that many a new house ________ at present in the disaster area.
A.are being built
B.were being built
C.was being built
D.is being built
D 本题考查动词时态和主谓一致。many a加名词单数,谓语动词要用单数形式,排除A、B,at present表明了“现在”,排除C。 专题 九 │ 真题再现
()4. [2010·全国Ⅱ] Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who ________evening dress.
A.wear
B.wears
C.has worn
D.have worn
B 考查主谓一致。定语从句先行词是the only one of…时,定语从句谓语动词用单数形式;结合语境应用一般现在时。 专题 九 │ 真题再现
()5. [2009·山东] The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________ rising steadily since 1990.
A.is
B.are
C.has been
D.have been
C 考查主谓一致和时态。主语是 the number,故谓语动词用单数,又因时间状语是since 1990,所以用现在完成时。 专题 九 │ 真题再现
()6. [2006·浙江]
The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third ________ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
D
专题 九 │ 真题再现
()7. [2007·江西] A survey of the opinions of experts ________ that three hours of outdoor exercise a week ________ good for one’s health.
A.show; are
B.shows; is
C.show; is
D.shows; are
B 考查主谓一致。第一空的主语为a survey,故谓语用单数形式;第二空为从句的谓语动词,其主语为three hours of outdoor exercise,所以用单数。 专题 九 │ 真题再现
()8. [2006·江苏] A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
A 考查主谓一致和时态。 and 连接的不同事物,如果它们前面都有各自的定冠词或物主代词修饰,表示不同的对象,谓语动词用复数;如果定冠词只出现在第一个成分之前,则指的是同一个事物,谓语动词用单数。 专题 九 │ 真题再现
()9. [2006·安徽] Most of what has been said about the Smiths ________ also true of the Johnsons.
A.are
B.is
C.being
D.to be
B 考查主谓一致。以what 引导的主语从句,all, most, half, the rest等引起的主语,谓语动词按意思一致的单数原则处理。
专题 九 │ 真题再现
()10. [2007·湖南] We live day by day, but in the great things, the time of days and weeks ________ so small that a day is unimportant.
A.is
B.are
C.has been
D.have been
A 考查主谓一致和时态。此句的主语为the time,为单数形式, 另外,这里说明的是一般情况,所以选A。
专题预测 专题 九 │ 专题预测
()1.Linda, together with her brothers, ________ spending the holiday in Chile when the earthquake broke out.
A.was
B.were
C.is
D.are
A 考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语中心词是Linda,表示单数;智利地震发生在过去,这里叙述的是一个事实,所以用一般过去时。 专题 九 │ 专题预测
()2.If you want to change the red coat for a green one, you should give me ________.
A.fifteen another dollar
B.fifteen more dollar
C.another fifteen yuan
D.dollar fifteen more
C 考查数词的用法。表示数量的“增加”要用:数词+more +名词,或者是:another +数词+名词。B项中的dollar后加上s也是正确的。 专题 九 │ 专题预测
()3.Many a book about Africa ________ by Mary last year but I don’t know whether she has finished them.
A.has been written
B.were written
C.have been written
D.was being written
D 考查时态和主谓一致。“many a +名词的单数形式”,谓语动词用单数,再结合时间状语“last year”,所以选D。
专题 九 │ 专题预测
()4.________ people in the world are sending information by e-mail every day.
A.Several million
B.Many millions
C.Several millions
D.Much million
A million表示确定的数目时,不能用复数形式。
专题 九 │ 专题预测
()5.Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, ________ visit Beijing this summer.
A.is going to
B.are going to
C.was going to
D.were going to
A 考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语中心词Dr. Smith表单数,谓语动词用单数形式;时间状语是this summer,表计划性的将来,故时态用一般将来时,选A。 专题 九 │ 专题预测
()6.He is one of the boys who ________ the prize, but he is the only one of the boys who ________ from the countryside.
A.has won; have come
B.have won; comes
C.has won; comes
D.have won; have come
B one of+复数名词(代词)+定语从句,定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式;the (only) one of+复数名词(代词)+定语从句,定语从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式,故B正确。
专题 九 │ 专题预测
()7.The teacher,with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, ________ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.
A.was
B.were
C.had been
D.would be
A 如果主语是单数,尽管后面跟有with,together with,as well as,like,but,except等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式,所以选A。 专题 九 │ 专题预测
()8.________ of the land in that county________ covered with green plants and beautiful flowers.
A.Two third; are
B.Two thirds; is
C.Two third; is
D.Two thirds; are
B 考查数词与主谓一致。英语中的分数由基数词和序数词构成,基数词作分子,序数词作分母,当分子大于1时分母要用复数;“分数+名词”作主语时谓语动词的单复数由名词的数来决定。 专题 九 │ 专题预测
()9.Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cost ________ his.
A.as much twice as
B.twice as much as
C.much as twice as
D.as twice much as
B 考查倍数的表达。在as…as结构表达同级比较时,twice应该放在第一个as之前,即:公式A is…times+as…as B,故选B。 专题 九 │ 专题预测
()10.—The education system rather than the teachers ________ to answer for the overburden on the students.
—I agree. I hope the reform being carried out in our country at present will bring out the results ________.
A.are; desired
B.is; desired
C.are; desiring
D.is; desiring
B “主语+rather than…”谓语动词要和rather than前面的主语一致,故用单数;此处用过去分词作定语,因为desire和results是被动关系。 专题十 名词性从句 专题 十 │名词性从句 专题导读 专题 十 │ 专题导读
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。考查的要点主要是连接代词和副词的正确使用、主语和谓语的语序、双重连接词以及特殊句型的使用等。学习时尤其要注意区分和归纳what/that/-ever/whether等的语义功能和语法功能。 真题再现 专题 十 │ 真题再现
()1. [2010·山东] Before the sales start, I make a list of ________ my kids will need for the coming season.
A.whyB.whatC.howD.which
B what引导宾语从句,作介词of 的宾语,且在从句中作动词need的宾语。
专题 十 │ 真题再现
()2. [2010·重庆] To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions ________ had used the products.
A.whoever
B.who
C.whichever
D.which
A 考查宾语从句引导词。句意为:为了提高产品的质量,我们向任何使用过我们产品的人征求意见。这里可以表示“任何人”的只有whoever,引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语。正常语序应为…asked whoever had used the products for suggestions。 专题 十 │ 真题再现
()3. [2010·四川] How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on ________he goes
with,whether his friends or relatives.
A.what
B.who
C.how
D.why
B 考查连词词义辨析。宾语从句中with缺少宾语,whether his friends or relatives暗示缺少的是指人的宾语。
专题 十 │ 真题再现
()4. [2010·全国Ⅰ] We haven’t discussed yet ________ we are going to place our new furniture.
A.that
B.which
C.what
D.where
D where引导宾语从句,在从句中作地点状语。
专题 十 │ 真题再现
()5. [2010·江苏] —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That’s ________ I don’t agree.You should have a more active life.
A.where
B.how
C.when
D.what
A 本题考查名词性从句。where引导表语从句,在从句中作地点状语。注意agree是不及物动词。 专题 十 │ 真题再现
()6. [2010·北京] Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was ________ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
A.what
B.that
C.why
D.whether
B 本题考查表语从句的引导词。当the reason作主语,后面接表语从句时,习惯上用that来连接。 专题 十 │ 真题再现
()7. [2010·全国卷Ⅱ] —Have you finished the book?
—No. I’ve read up to ________ the children discover the secret cave.
A.which
B.what
C.that
D.where
D 考查宾语从句连接词。句意为“我已经读到孩子们发现神秘洞穴的部分”。where引导的从句充当up to的宾语,强调地点概念。 专题 十 │ 真题再现
()8. [2010·湖南] Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew ________ she was so angry.
A.where
B.whether
C.that
D.why
D 考查从句。该空引导宾语从句,根据句意“办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气”可判断选D。
专题 七 │ 专题预测
()5.—How long will it take you to fix my watch?
—I’ll call you when it is ready, but it ________ take longer than a week.
A.mustn’t
B.hadn’t
C.shouldn’t
D.needn’t
C 考查情态动词。句意为:修好后我就给你打电话,但是应该不会长于一周。shouldn’t“应该不会”,符合题意。
专题 七 │ 专题预测
()6.To tell the truth, I would rather that I ________ the pain instead of you. You don’t know how worried I was.
A.took
B.had taken
C.have taken
D.should have taken
B 考查虚拟语气。句意为:说实话,我宁愿代替你的痛苦,你不知道我那时多担心。…would rather (that) + 主语+ had done…表示与过去的事实相反的虚拟语气。 专题 七 │ 专题预测
()7.—I ________ to your birthday party last Sunday.
—Unfortunately, you were out on business.
A.had come
B.came
C.would come
D.would have come
D 考查虚拟语气。句意为:“上周日我本来会参加你的生日宴会的。”“不幸的是,你出差了。”would have done sth为虚拟语气,表示对过去本该发生却未发生的事情的推测,只有情态动词加完成时态才能表示对过去的推测。 专题 七 │ 专题预测
()8.The general commanded that all of them ________ at six o’clock.
A.come
B.could come
C.came
D.would come
A 句意为:将军颁布了一道命令, 所有的人都要在六点钟到。这里是command引导的宾语从句,且从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”的形式,should可以省略。故选A项。 专题 七 │ 专题预测
()9.—Shall we take the 10:30 train?
—No. If we took that train, we ________ too late.
A.arrive
B.arrived
C.will arrive
D.would arrive
D 考查虚拟语气的用法。if条件状语从句表示对将来事情的虚拟,从句用一般过去时,主句用would do。
专题 七 │ 专题预测
()10.—Will it take me long to get to the Sunshine Hotel?
—No, it ________ take you long. It’s not the rush hour now.
A.shouldn’t
B.shan’t
C.mustn’t
D.needn’t
A 考查情态动词的用法。既然不是高峰时间(rush hour),那就不应该花费太多的时间,所以选择shouldn’t意思是“不应该”。 专题八 动词的时态与 语态 专题 八 │动词的时态与语态 专题导读 专题 八 │ 专题导读
时态的考查主要集中在完成时、进行时等主要时态的掌握上。要求学生熟练掌握几种主要时态的基本概念,解题时要充分挖掘时间副词、短语、时间状语从句提供的信息。
在复习时应注意以下几点:(1)吃透语境,摸清作者的意图;(2)准确判断动作和时间的关系(即动作是在什么时间发生的);(3)正确理解时间概念(大的时间:现在、过去、将来;小的时间:时间段、时间点、时间瞬间);(4)找准相关时态时间之间的交叉点。例如:一般现在时,现在进行时(现在时间的交叉点)。高考对被动语态 专题 八 │ 专题导读 的考查热点主要是及物动词在被动语态中的使用。被动语态与主动语态一样,也有多种时态。被动语态的完成时态和进行时态中,考生往往漏掉been或being。因此被动语态的各种常用时态的构成,仍是高考命题的热点之一。时态与语态连用也是高考题的一个考点。一个题目同时交叉考查几个语法知识点是近几年高考的一个趋势。具体说来,在解题时要遵循以下思路: 专题 八 │ 专题导读
1.这个动作可能发生在什么时间?题干句中可参照的时间信息有哪些?
2.这个动作处于什么状态,是进行中,还是已结束(完成)?限制或修饰这个动作的状语信息有哪些?
3.这个动作与主语的关系,是主动还是被动?
只要全面细致地考虑了这些问题,试题的正确答案也就水落石出了。 真题再现 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()1. [2010·上海] The church tower which ________ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A.has restored
B.has been restored
C.is restoring
D.is being restored
D 本题考查被动语态。restore意为“修复”,而最后一句表明工程还未完成,因此为正在修复中,答案选D。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()2. [2010·福建] —Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.
—How nice! You ________ a different culture then.
A.will be experiencing
B.have experienced
C.have been experiencing
D.will have experienced
专题 八 │ 真题再现
A 考查动词时态。由第一句可知:我们已经得到了暑假去英国旅行的短期签证,再由第二句中then可知:这是对去英国旅行的美好祝愿,动作尚未发生。因此时态应为将来进行时。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()3. [2010·安徽] —Were you surprised by the ending of the film?
—No. I ________ the book, so I already knew the story.
A.was reading
B.had read
C.am reading
D.have read
B 考查时态。句意为:“你对电影结果感到吃惊吗?”“不,我已经读过这本书,所以我已知道了这个故事。”“读书”是在“看电影”之前,故用过去完成时。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()4. [2010·北京] —I’m sorry, but I don’t quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?
—Sorry, I ________ myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A.hadn’t made
B.wouldn’t make
C.don’t make
D.haven’t made
D 本题考查时态和情景交际。答句意为“抱歉,我还没有把我的意思表达明白”,强调对现在造成的影响,用现在完成时态。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()5. [2010·湖南] I walked slowly through the market, where people ________ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A.sell
B.were selling
C.had sold
D.have sold
B 考查动词时态。根据“I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed”的提示可判断此处表示“人们当时正在出售各种水果和蔬菜”,即表示过去某时正在发生的动作,故选B。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()6. [2010·湖南] I’m tired out.
I ________ all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.
A.shopped
B.have shopped
C.had shopped
D.have been shopping
D 考查动词时态。句意为:我现在很累。我整个下午一直在购物,我好像什么事都没做成似的。由语境可判断选D。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()7. [2010·上海] Every few years, the coal workers ________ their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.
A.are having
B.have
C.have had
D.had had
B 本题考查时态。根据时间状语every few years,可判断本句应为一般现在时,因此答案选B。
专题 八 │ 真题再现
()8. [2010·天津] We ________ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A.are working
B.have been working
C.worked
D.had worked
B 考查动词的时态。现在完成进行时表示一直在干某件事,表示动作的连续和延续。
专题 八 │ 真题再现
()9. [2010·天津] Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting ________ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.
A.are exhibiting
B.is exhibiting
C.are being exhibited
D.is being exhibited
C 考查现在进行时的被动语态的主谓一致。traditional folk arts of Tianjin 是真正的主语,与后面like paper cutting 无关。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()10. [2010·江苏] —Why, Jack, you look so tired!
—Well, I ________ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A.was painting
B.will be painting
C.have painted
D.have been painting
D 本题考查时态。根据后句and I must finish the work tomorrow可以推断“动作还将继续”;have done表示“动作已经完成”;have been doing表示“动作从过去开始延续到现在,而且可能还将继续”,所以选择D项。 专题预测 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()1.Up to now, thousands of people ________ possible ideas on how to clean up the oil in the Gulf of Mexico.
A.have submitted
B.submitted
C.will submit
D.are submitting
A 考查动词的时态。由时间状语up to now可以看出,该题应该用现在完成时。句意为:到目前为止,成千上万的人们已经提交了关于如何清理墨西哥湾泄漏的石油的可能的办法。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()2.—I want to pay a visit to your house this time tomorrow.
—I’m afraid I will not be available, for I ________ an important meeting.
A.will have attended
B.will be attending
C.attend
D.am attending
B 考查动词的时态。答语中承前省略了时间状语“this time tomorrow”,指下明那个时候正在开会,所以用将来进行时态。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()3.—Carol and Jessie don’t seem to be getting on well with each other now. Why is that?
—It is said that Carol ________ by Jessie.
A.has felt betrayed
B.is feeling betrayed
C.feels betrayed
D.will feel betrayed
A 考查动词时态。因为Carol感觉自己被Jessie出卖了,因此跟对方关系不好,强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,用现在完成时。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()4.—Last night I greeted Bob on the street, but he ignored me.
—Perhaps he ________ something and ________ you.
A.thought about;didn’t notice
B.was thinking about;wasn’t noticing
C.was thinking about;didn’t notice
D.thought about;hasn’t noticed
C 考查动词的时态。根据语境,think about是当时进行的动作,所以用过去进行时;notice在句中陈述过去所发生的动作,用一般过去式。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()5.They are going to visit the professor we ________ in the library the other day.
A.meet
B.have met
C.would meet
D.met
D 考查动词的时态。由the other day“前几天”可知应用一般过去时。句意为:他们打算去拜访几天前我们在图书管里遇见的那位教授。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()6.—What’s the problem, sir?
—You ________ at least at a speed of about 100 miles per hour.
A.are driving
B.drove
C.were driving
D.have driven
C 考查动词的时态。句意为:“出什么问题了吗,先生?”“您的车速至少达到了每小时约100英里。”从暗含的意思可推测该车主超速驾驶了,所以应该是被拦下时发生的对话,所以超速应该是强调刚才正在发生,所以用过去进行时。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()7.In recent years, the singer isn’t as popular as he once was, and his latest album ________ only five thousand copies.
A.is sold
B.is selling
C.sold
D.was sold
C 考查动词的时态与语态。动词sell在本句中用主动语态表被动。句意为:最近几年里,这位歌手不如从前受欢迎,他的最新专辑只卖了5 000张。“卖掉”是过去发生的动作,应用过去时。
专题 八 │ 专题预测
()8.Professor Baker, who ________the research of wild animals all his life, ________ to give a speech in our school next week.
A.has devoted to;is supposed
B.is devoted to;will be supposed
C.has been devoted to;is supposed
D.had devoted to;will be supposed
专题 八 │ 专题预测
C 考查动词的时态和语态。devote是及物动词,A和D项为主动形式,后不带宾语,直接跟to不正确,从句中的all his life表明要用现在完成时。短语be supposed to do表示“应该,被期望”,指期望将来发生的动作,与next week照应。句意为:Baker教授一生致力于野生动物的研究,下周有望在我们学校做报告。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()9.— Did you telephone Uncle Sam our plan for the Christmas holidays on his farm?
—Yes, he was happy about our arrival, and he eagerly asked when ________.
A.had we arrived
B.we had arrived
C.were we arriving
D.we were arriving
D 考查动词的时态。语境提供过去的时间点,在那时将要发生的事情,所以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的事情。此外,由于疑问句作asked的宾语从句,所以要用陈述语序。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()10.—What did you say?
—So you ________ to me.
A.won’t listen
B.hadn’t listen
C.weren’t listening
D.haven’t listened
C 考查动词的时态。由语境可知,答语中省略了时间状语“when I said just now”,也就是说强调的是过去某个时间点正在进行的动作,所以要用过去进行时。 专题 六 │ 真题再现
()6. [2010·江西] There were many talented actors out there just waiting ________.
A.to discover
B.to be discovered
C.discovered
D.being discovered
B 考查非谓语动词用法。waiting to be discovered表示“等待被发现”。
专题 六 │ 真题再现
()7. [2010·山东] I have a lot of readings ________ before the end of this term.
A.completing
B.to complete
C.completed
D.being completed
B 根据动词短语have sth. to do,且本句有时间状语the end of this term,所以选B。
专题 六 │ 真题再现
()8. [2010·天津] It rained heavily in the south,________ serious flooding in several provinces.
A.caused
B.having caused
C.causing
D.to cause
C
专题 六 │ 真题再现
()9. [2010·北京] I’m calling to enquire about the position ________ in yesterday’s China Daily.
A.advertised
B.to be advertised
C.advertising
D.having advertised
A 本题考查分词作定语。中心词the position 和 advertise 之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,用被动语态;the position已经被登广告,故用过去分词。
专题 六 │ 真题再现
()10. [2010·陕西] His first book ________ next month is based on a true story.
A.published
B.to be published
C.to publish
D.being published
B 本题考查分词作定语。根据His first book和publish之间构成动宾关系,排除C选项,根据时间next month只能选B。 专题预测 专题 六 │ 专题预测
()1.The theme park attracts many visitors every year, ________ in a great deal of money for the city.
A.broughtB.to bring
C.bringing
D.and bringing
C 考查非谓语动词。bring 与其逻辑主语the theme park是主谓关系,所以用现在分词作伴随状语。句意为:每年这个主题公园都吸引大量的参观者,为这个城市带来很大一笔收入。 专题 六 │ 专题预测
()2.After suffering a heart attack, Michael Jackson was pronounced dead, ________ a tragic end to the world’s most popular entertainer.
A.to mark
B.marking
C.marked
D.having marked
B 考查非谓语动词。句意为:心脏病发作后,迈克尔·杰克逊被宣告死亡,标志着世界上最受欢迎的流行歌星的悲惨结局。marking是现在分词作结果状语。 专题 六 │ 专题预测
()3.—Mary, why do you look so worried?
—With so much homework ________, I’m in a difficult situation.
A.finished
B.remained to finish
C.being finished
D.remaining to be finished
D 考查非谓语动词的用法。由题干中“worried”,“a difficult situation”可以看出,答话者应该有很多作业要做,所以要选择D项。A项表示已经完成;B项finish语态错误;C项中的finish不能用于进行时。
专题 六 │ 专题预测
()4.The Indian Ocean tsunami at the end of 2004 is believed ________ more than 160,000 people and made millions homeless, ________ it perhaps the most destroying tsunami in history.
A.to kill; making
B.having killed; to make
C.to have killed; making
D.killing; made
专题 六 │ 专题预测
C 考查非谓语动词的用法。由语境可知,kill已经结束,这里强调的是结果,所以应该用完成时形式;第二空作结果状语,和其逻辑主语是主谓关系,所以用现在分词形式。句意为:发生在2004年的印度洋海啸被认为造成了16万人遇难,数百万人无家可归,成为了有史以来破坏性最强的海啸。 专题 六 │ 专题预测
()5.Our school library is spread over 4 floors, with the first floor ________ as the reading room.
A.acted
B.to act
C.acting
D.to be acted
C 考查非谓语动词。此处是with构成的复合结构,其中名词 the first floor和动词act构成逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用现在分词acting。 专题 六 │ 专题预测
()6.I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than ________ a room with others.
A.to share
B.share
C.to have shared
D.sharing
B 考查would rather…than的用法。would rather do sth than do sth为固定结构,意为“宁愿……而不……”,因此应该选择B项。 专题 六 │ 专题预测
()7.________ that the government can lead them out of the financial crisis, people are optimistic about the future of the country.
A.Convinced
B.Convincing
C.Having convinced
D.To convince
A 考查非谓语动词。本句主语people和动词convince构成动宾关系,所以使用过去分词作原因状语。 专题 六 │ 专题预测
()8.Is this fridge ________ you wish to have ________?
A.the one; it repaired
B.that; repaired it
C.the one; repaired
D.which; repaired it
C 考查句式结构以及have sth done的用法。把原句变为陈述句就会发现后面的定语从句缺少先行词,所以第一空应该用the one,定语从句中省略了作宾语的引导词that/which,构成have sth done结构(即冰箱是被人修的),故选C项。 专题 六 │ 专题预测
()9.—Could you introduce me a high quality car?
—My pleasure.________ well even on wet roads, this kind of car is very popular.
A.Handled
B.To handle
C.Handling
D.Being handled
C 考查非谓语动词的用法。空格前省略了逻辑主语this kind of car, handle well在这里是主动表被动,所以用现在分词形式作原因状语。 专题 六 │ 专题预测
()10.The Person of the Year is not always a person. “The Chinese Worker” ranked the second on the list as the only group ________ last year.
A.to name
B.named
C.naming
D.names
B 考查非谓语动词。此处考查的是非谓语动词,group与动词name是被动关系,所以用过去分词named。
专题七 情态动词与
虚拟语气
专题 七 │情态动词与虚拟语气 专题导读 专题 七 │ 专题导读
情态动词的一般用法以及特殊用法、表猜测的情态动词以及情态动词与完成时的运用是学生掌握的重点和难点。解题时要深刻体会说话者的情感态度,准确把握说话者的语气,结合情景做出合理判断。
虚拟语气的考点主要集中在:混合时间的虚拟语气,含蓄条件句以及在名词性从句中使用的虚拟语气。 真题再现 专题 七 │ 真题再现
()1. [2010·安徽] Jack described his father, who ________a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man.
A.would be B.would have been
C.must be
D.must have been
D 考查情态动词。句意为:杰克把他父亲描写成一个有坚强意志的人,他很多年前就一定是一个勇敢的男孩。根据many years ago可知,是对过去事情的推测。would have been多用于条件句的虚拟语气中。
专题 七 │ 真题再现
()2. [2010·天津] —John went to the hospital alone.
—If he ________ me about it, I would have gone with him.
A.should tell
B.tells
C.told
D.had told
D 虚拟语气,表示与过去事实相反的假设。条件句用过去完成时表示。
专题 七 │ 真题再现
()3. [2010·江苏] George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he ________ more on its culture.
A.focus
B.focused
C.would
focus
D.had focused
B 本题考查虚拟语气。would rather+从句表示对现在或将来虚拟时应使用一般过去时。 专题 七 │ 真题再现
()4. [2010·山东] I ________ have watched that movie—it’ll give me horrible dreams.
A.shouldn’t
B.needn’t
C.couldn’t
D.mustn’t
A shouldn’t have done表示“本不应该做但实际已经做了(表达后悔的情绪)”。
专题 七 │ 真题再现
()5. [2010·天津] Mark ________ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.
A.needn’t
B.wouldn’t
C.mustn’t
D.couldn’t
A needn’t have done 本没有必要做某事,实际上做了。
专题 七 │ 真题再现
()6. [2010·北京] —Good morning. I’ve got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.
—Ah, good morning. You ________ be Mrs. Peters.
A.might
B.must
C.would
D.can
B 本题考查情态动词。根据句子意思“你肯定是Mrs. Peters”可知用must来表示肯定推测。 专题 七 │ 真题再现
()7. [2010·湖南] If he ________ my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job.
A.followed
B.should follow
C.had followed
D.would follow
C 考查虚拟语气。根据“wouldn’t have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟,故选C。
专题 七 │ 真题再现
()8. [2010·全国Ⅰ] Just be patient.You ________expect the world to change so soon.
A.can’t
B.needn’t
C.may not
D.will not
A 考查情态动词的用法。can’t表示“不可能”,语气强烈。
专题 七 │ 真题再现
()9. [2010·江西] I have told you the truth. ________ I keep repeating it?
A.Must
B.Can
C.May
D.Will
A 考查情态动词用法辨析。句意为:我已经告诉你真相了。要我一再重复吗?must在此用于加强语气,意为“必须……吗?非得……吗?
专题 七 │ 真题再现
()10. [2010·辽宁] Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it ________ be regular exercise.
A.can
B.will
C.must
D.may
C 考查情态动词。can一般表示“可能,能够”;will表示“将要”;may表示“许可,可能”;must表示“必须”。句意:医生说锻炼对身体重要,但是必须是有规律的锻炼。
专题预测 专题 七 │ 专题预测
()1.According to the new standards, design of electric bikes ________ weigh over 40kg and travel at a speed more than 20km per hour but less than 50km per hour.
A.can
B.should
C.may
D.will
B 考查情态动词。句意为:根据新标准,电动自行车的设计应该重达40多公斤,时速大于每小时20公里,但不超过每小时50公里。 专题 七 │ 专题预测
()2.—Where is Tom? I can’t find him. His mother is waiting for him outside.
—He ________the Internet in the computer classroom.
A.might have surfed
B.must have surfed
C.must surf
D.must be surfing
D 考查情态动词的用法。由语境可知,答语中省略了时间状语now,由此可以看出,应选D项。句意为:他一定正在微机室上网。 专题 七 │ 专题预测
()3.—How I regret to say that I ________have shouted at you the other day!
—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.
A.mightn’t
B.mustn’t
C.couldn’t
D.shouldn’t
D 由第一句话以及第二句话的“Forget it”可知,第一个人是在道歉,也就是说他后悔做了不该做的事情。shouldn’t have done sth表示“做了本不该做的事”,故选D。
专题 七 │ 专题预测
()4.—I heard the phone ringing in the office next door.
—You ________ it. They haven’t got a phone yet.
A.couldn’t hear
B.couldn’t have heard
C.didn’t hear
D.wouldn’t have heard
B 考查猜测的表达。由第一句的heard可以看出,这是对过去情况的猜测;既然“They haven’t got a phone yet”,那么听到电话声也就不可能了,所以要用couldn’t have done。
专题 四 │ 专题预测
()8.Though there were too many people in the waiting-room, I had no difficulty ________ my friend, Jane, a pretty model.
A.making up
B.picking out
C.setting out
D.picking up
B 考查动词短语辨析。B项意为“分辨出,辨认出”,符合题意。句意为:尽管等候室里有很多人,我仍然毫不费力地认出了我的朋友珍妮,一位漂亮的模特。A项意为“弥补,虚构”;C项意为“开始,启程”;D项意为“捡起,偶然获得”,均不符合语境。
专题 四 │ 专题预测
()9.Stella was disappointed to find her new plan ________and fell into great depression.
A.put away
B.carried out
C.turned down
D.left out
C 本题考查动词短语辨析。从后面的depression看出,她的新计划应该是失败了或遇到挫折,所以选turned down。句意为:Stella很失望地发现她的新计划被拒绝了,感到很失落。 专题 四 │ 专题预测
()10.The teacher just outlined his main idea,for these bright children were quick to ________.
A.catch on
B.go ahead
C.make up
D.find out
A 考查动词短语辨析。catch on 意思是“理解”。句意为:老师只说了大意,因为这些聪明的孩子很快就理解了。go ahead继续;make up虚构,编造,弥补;find out 找出,查明。 专题五 连词与介词
专题 五 │连词与介词 专题导读 专题 五 │ 专题导读
连词的考查主要集中在简单句、并列句和各种复合句的考查上,主要是对连词的选择与使用上,如:and, but, or或while以及其他连接名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的连接词、关联词。除了要熟记各种特定句型外,牢记各种连接词和关联词的用法就显得更为重要。解题时应从上下句的逻辑关系入手。介词是英语语言中最活跃的词类,其内容复杂,搭配繁多,用法灵活。每一个介词都可以用来表达多种不同的含义,而且又无规律可循。因此,掌握介词必须要立足基本用法,广泛记忆,细心体会比较。复习时应注意如下几点:1.介词或介词短语词义辨析;2.意义相同或相近,但使用范围不同的介词; 3.介词与某些名词、形容词和动词的各种搭配形式。 真题再现 专题 五 │ 真题再现
()1. [2010·上海] Sean has formed the habit of jogging ________ the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.
A.between B.along
C.below D.with
B 考查介词的用法。根据句意“Sean已经形成了每天沿着绿荫大道慢跑两个小时的习惯”。表示“沿着”时,应该选B。 专题 五 │ 真题再现
()2. [2010·天津] My father warned me ________ going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.
A.by
B.on
C.for
D.against
D 考查介词。warn sb.of/against sth.表示警告某人某事要/不要干某事。
专题 五 │ 真题再现
()3. [2010·浙江] I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll ask you again just ________.
A.by nature
B.in return
C.in case
D.by chance
C 本题考查介词短语。根据句意:我想我们之前谈论过这个的,但是保不准(just in case, 以防万一)我还会再问的。 专题 五 │ 真题再现
()4. [2010·福建] More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities ________ space.
A.in search of
B.in place of
C.for lack of
D.for fear of
C 考查介词短语。句意为:“因为缺少空间,城市中已经建造了越来越多的高层建筑。”in search of“寻找……”;in place of“代替,替代”;for lack of意为“因……缺乏,短缺”;for fear of“担心,害怕”。
专题 五 │ 真题再现
()5. [2010·湖北] It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ________ favors to them.
A.in preference to
B.in place of
C.in agreement with
D.in exchange for
D 考查介词短语辨析。根据句意“对公务员来说,以给人们好处来索要礼物或金钱是违法的”,in exchange for在这里表示“交换”。in preference to “而不是”;in place of “代替”;in agreement with“符合,一致”。 专题 五 │ 真题再现
()6. [2010·四川] Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back ________ a big tree.
A.in
B.below
C.beside
D.against
D 考查介词词义辨析。背靠着树睡着了,against表示“倚,靠”。
专题 五 │ 真题再现
()7. [2010·江苏] So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is ________ ideal. We have to work still harder.
A.next to
B.far from
C.out of
D.due to
B 本题考查介词短语。far from意为“远未, 绝非, 决不”,其后可接名词、动名词、形容词等。短语next to(在……旁边、仅次于)、out of(在……之外)、due to(由于、因为),后经常跟名词、代词或动名词,且意思也均不符合语境,故排除。 专题 五 │ 真题再现
()8. [2010·北京] Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are ________ everyone’s enjoyment.
A.in
B.at
C.for
D.to
C 本题考查介词。根据句子意思“这些花是让每个人欣赏的”,可知用for表示目的。 专题 五 │ 真题再现
()9. [2010·重庆] The dictionary is what I want, but I don’t have enough money ________ me.
A.by
B.for
C.in
D.with
D 考查介词词义辨析。介词with在这里表示“随身携带”。本句表示身上带的钱不够买词典。 专题 五 │ 真题再现
()10. [2010·江西] Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients ________ name, not case number.
A.of
B.as
C.by
D.with
C 考查介词习惯用法。by name按名字叫。句意:现在一些医院提到病人叫名字而不是病例号。 专题预测 专题 五 │ 专题预测
()1.Unable to work at a steady job ________a terminal illness, he decided to volunteer at the local children center.
A.at the cost of
B.as a result of
C.in case of
D.at the risk of
B 考查介词短语辨析。a terminal illness是构成不能做稳定工作的原因,故用as a result of“由于……”。句意为:因为患不治之症,他不能做稳定的工作,所以决定在当地儿童中心做志愿工作。at the cost of“以……为代价”;in case of“假使,万一”;at the risk of“冒着……的危险”。 专题 五 │ 专题预测
()2.Jack has only been working for three months, so, ________ experience, he will have difficulty finishing the task alone.
A.in sight of
B.instead of
C.for lack of
D.ahead of
C 考查介词短语辨析。
for lack of“因缺乏……”。句意为:杰克才开始工作了三个月,经验尚不足,所以让他独立完成这项任务是有困难的。in sight of“看见”; instead of“代替”; ahead of “在……前面”。
专题 五 │ 专题预测
()3.Don’t give up regardless of difficulty and failure ________ you’ll never achieve your goals.
A.and
B.but
C.or
D.so
C 考查连词。祈使句+and(那么)/or(否则),注意后面的句子通常是一般将来时。句意为:无论困难还是失败你都不能放弃,否则你就永远实现不了目标。故选C。
专题 五 │ 专题预测
()4.The emission of carbon dioxide has been greatly cut ________ the efforts made by the local government.
A.in spite of
B.on account of
C.regardless of
D.in terms of
B 考查介词短语。on account of由于,因为。由于当地政府的努力,二氧化碳的排放减少了许多。in spite of不管,尽管;regardless of不管,不顾;in terms of就……而言。
专题 五 │ 专题预测
()5.________ these interruptions, the meeting would have finished earlier.
A.Except for
B.Apart from
C.But for
D.Other than
C 考查介词短语。but for意思是“如果没有,要不是……”,该短语用于虚拟语气。except for“除……之外”;apart from“除……之外”;other than“除……之外”。
专题 五 │ 专题预测
()6.My grandfather’s small garden is full of blossoming flowers in spring, which are beautiful ________ words.
A.beyond
B.within
C.without
D.over
A 考查介词。beyond words无法用语言形容。句意为:在春天我爷爷的小花园里鲜花盛开,美景难以用语言描绘。
专题 五 │ 专题预测
()7.Outwardly, she seemed confident but ________ she felt extremely nervous.
A.in turn
B.in return
C.in reality
D.in time
C 考查介词短语。句意为:表面上看她很自信,事实上她极度紧张。in reality “事实上”,符合语意。 专题 五 │ 专题预测
()8.Though she has met with many difficulties, she still sticks ________ the research aimed ________ protecting wild birds.
A.in; to
B.out; at
C.on; in
D.with; at
D 考查介词。 stick with持续,坚持;(be)aimed at意为“目的是……”,是过去分词短语作定语,修饰research。句意为:尽管她遇到了很多困难,但她仍然坚持保护野生鸟类的研究。 专题 五 │ 专题预测
()9.You can’t borrow books from the school library ________ you get your student card.
A.before
B.if
C.while
D.as
A 考查连词。根据语境应该是“在……之前”。句意为:在没有办好学生证前,你是不能在学校图书馆借阅图书的。 专题 五 │ 专题预测
()10.Putting the worries out of her mind,Mary turned her efforts ________ the evening meal.
A.toward
B.beyond
C.off
D.inside
A 考查介词。turn to/toward是固定搭配,表示“(把注意力等)转向……”。符合句意。 专题六 非谓语动词
专题 六 │非谓语动词 专题导读 专题 六 │ 专题导读
非谓语动词是高中英语学习的重点和难点,也是历届高考的重点。不仅语法填空中,而且许多主观题中都经常出现。命题热点多集中在一些常用动词及特殊动词后的非谓语动词的形式(不定式、过去分词及动词的-ing形式),非谓语动词的时态、语态、复合结构以及独立主格结构的使用,以及非谓语动词作状语时与逻辑主语一致性原则。解题过程中要紧紧把握谓语动词和其逻辑主语的主被动关系以及时间先后,来确定非谓语动词的形式。 真题再现 专题 六 │ 真题再现
()1. [2010·上海] Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues ________with her stories.
A.amusedB.amusing
C.to amuse
D.to be amused
A 本题考查非谓语动词。keep+sb/sth+done。根据句意,sb与它后面的动词构成被动关系,故选A。 专题 六 │ 真题再现
()2. [2010·安徽] He had a wonderful childhood, ________with his mother to all corners of the world.
A.travel
B.to travel
C.traveled
D.traveling
D 考查非谓语动词。句意为:他有着美好的童年,跟母亲到过世界各地。He与travel为主谓关系,因此用现在分词作状语。 专题 六 │ 真题再现
()3. [2010·湖南] Listen! Do you hear someone ________ for help?
A.calling
B.call
C.to call
D.called
A 考查非谓语动词。该空在句中为非谓语动词作宾补,根据 someone与call的主动关系排除D。hear后接不定式作宾补时应省略to,由此排除C。由Listen可判断此处表示正在求救,故选A。 专题 六 │ 真题再现
()4. [2010·湖南] Dina,________ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
A.struggling
B.struggled
C.having struggled
D.to struggle
C 考查非谓语动词。该空分词短语作时间状语,其逻辑主语Dina与struggle为主动关系,故排除B。由句中的finally可知非谓语动作发生在句中谓语took a position之前,故用现在分词的完成主动式,即选C。
专题 六 │ 真题再现
()5. [2010·全国Ⅱ] Though ________ to see us,
the professor gave us a warm welcome.
A.surprising
B.was surprised
C.surprised
D.being surprised
C 考查非谓语动词和状语从句的省略。从句的完整形式是Though he was surprised to see us。此处省略与主句一致的主语和be动词。
专题 三 │ 真题再现
()7. [2010·辽宁] Jim went to answer the phone.________, Harry started to prepare lunch.
A.However
B.Nevertheless
C.Besides
D.Meanwhile
D 考查副词用法。前后两个句子是相同的语义关系,在时间上表示同时,所以用meanwhile。句意:吉姆去接电话,与此同时,哈里开始准备午餐。 专题 三 │ 真题再现
()8. [2010·湖北] Mistakes don’t just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes ________.
A.favourable
B.precious
C.essential
D.worthwhile
D 考查形容词词义辨析。根据句意“错误不是偶然发生的,它是由于某个原因才发生的,找到这个原因,使犯错误变得有价值”。favourable表示“赞成的,有利的”;precious表示“珍贵”;essential表示“必要的”;worthwhile值得的。
专题 三 │ 真题再现
()9. [2010·全国Ⅱ] Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been ________.
A.popular
B.more popular
C.most popular
D.the most popular
B 考查形容词比较级的用法。形容词比较级用于否定句表示隐含的最高级,表示“没有比……更……的”。 专题 三 │ 真题再现
()10. [2010·浙江] I have been convinced that the print media are usually more ________and more reliable than television.
A.accurate
B.ridiculous
C.urgent
D.shallow
A 本题考查形容词。根据and提示,可知此空应该是和reliable一样的表示褒义的形容词,由此可知答案为A:精确的。 专题预测 专题 三 │ 专题预测
()1.The Expo site was ________ from anywhere in the city of Shanghai within 90 minutes by buses, subways or special taxis.
A.adoptable
B.acceptable
C.available
D.accessible
D 考查形容词词义辨析。accessible容易到达的,可进入的。句意为:无论乘公共汽车、地铁或世博会专属出租车,从上海的任何地方90分钟内都可以到达世博会。adoptable可采用的,可收养的;acceptable可接受的;available可用的,可获得的。根据语意可知D项正确。 专题 三 │ 专题预测
()2.From chips in fast restaurants to candy in supermarkets, junk food always seems ________.
A.abrupt
B.absurd
C.available
D.absent
C 考查形容词词义辨析。available可得到的,能买到的。句意为:从快餐店的炸薯条到超市的糖果,垃圾食品似乎总能买得到。故C项正确。abrupt意外的,突然的;absurd荒唐的,可笑的;absent缺席的。 专题 三 │ 专题预测
()3.—Going to work today, Brenda?
—No. It’s my day ________ today.
A.out
B.in
C.away
D.off
D 考查副词词义辨析。句意为:“Brenda,今天去上班吗?”“不,我今天休息。”由第二句中的No可以得知,说话人今天不上班,所以选off。
专题 三 │ 专题预测
()4.No ready technical data was
________,but we managed to go without.
A.believable
B.convenient
C.available
D.accessible
C 考查形容词辨析。believable可相信的;convenient方便的;available可找到的,可获得的;accessible可接近的,可使用的,其用法为sth be accessible to sb。句意为:虽然没有现成的资料,但是我们仍然努力去做。故选C项。
专题 三 │ 专题预测
()5.We tend to travel with a material understanding of happiness— ________, the better the surroundings, the weather and the food are, the happier we will be.
A.what’s more
B.as usual
C.in fact
D.that is
D 考查短语辨析。语意:我们总是带着对幸福的物质理解去旅行,也就是说:环境、天气和食物越好,我们就越幸福。 that is意为“也就是,即”,符合语意。what’s more“另外,而且”;as usual“像往常一样”;in fact“事实上”。 专题 三 │ 专题预测
()6.—The test was hard?
—Exactly. It was so hard that I ________ failed.
A.almost
B.most
C.mostly
D.hardly
A 考查副词的用法。almost表示“几乎”的意思;在否定句中常用hardly。
专题 三 │ 专题预测
()7.Although this movie is based on past events, it is not ________ accurate.
A.currently
B.perfectly
C.historically
D.extremely
C 考查副词辨析。句意为:虽然这部电影以过去事件为基础,却不完全符合历史事实。historically“历史上,历史地”,符合语意。
专题 三 │ 专题预测
()8.________ limited to researchers at universities and government departments, the Internet has now become worldwide network available to users all over the world.
A.Practically
B.Originally
C.Specifically
D.Generally
B 考查副词辨析。对比句子中的时间可知,此处应当说明因特网刚刚开始时的情况,因此用originally“原来,起初”,符合逻辑。 专题 三 │ 专题预测
()9.—Now that you like the MP5 players very much, why don’t you get one?
—Well. I’d like to, but I can’t afford ________MP5 player at present.
A.a such expensive
B.that expensive an
C.that an expensive
D.so cheap an
B 考查that的特殊用法。that作副词用时,意思和用法与so 相同,所以当that和冠词、形容词一起放在名词前时,其结构应该是“that+形容词+不定冠词+名词”。
专题四 动词与动词短语
专题 四 │ 动词与动词短语 专题导读 专题 四 │ 专题导读
动词与动词短语的考查主要集中在一些活跃的动词与副词构成的短语意义的掌握上,复习时应充分关注 take/make/turn/come/hold/bring/keep/leave/hand等动词与out/off/up/over/about/down/on/in 等副词组合成的短语词义的复习。动词的考查主要集中在动词词义和结构的掌握上,要求学生熟练掌握一些高频动词的词义和搭配。此外,从近几年新课标地区的试题情况来看,动词与动词短语的熟词新义在具体语境中的运用也应高度重视。 真题再现 专题 四 │ 真题再现
()1. [2010·天津] He telephoned the travel agency to ________ three air tickets to London.
A.order B.arrange
C.take
D.book
D 考查动词辨析。 book 或reserve表示“预定”的意思。“订票”为book tickets。
专题 四 │ 真题再现
()2. [2010·辽宁] The
new
movie ________to
be one
of
the
biggest
money-makers
of
all time.
A.promises
B.agrees
C.pretends
D.declines
A 考查动词词义辨析。promise除了表示“允诺,答应”外,还有“有……的希望”的意思;agree是“同意,赞同”;pretend是“假装”;decline是“减少,衰退”。只有promises符合题意。句意:这部新电影有望成为电影票房史上票房最高的影片之一。
专题 四 │ 真题再现
()3. [2010·山东] Your house is always so neat—how do you ________ it with three children?
A.manage
B.serve
C.adapt
D.construct
A 根据句意“有三个孩子(捣乱),你怎么能把家整理得如此好?”可知选A。 专题 四 │ 真题再现
()4. [2010·福建] —In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.
—I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two ________.
A.linked
B.related
C.connected
D.combined
D 考查动词辨析。第二句意思为:“我非常赞同。让这两件事情相结合是非常好的。”have sth. done.意为“使某事被做”。linked“相联系的”;related“有关的”;connected“相连接的”;combined“使结合,联合”。 专题 四 │ 真题再现
()5. [2010·湖北] Just as the clothes a person wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time, his house ________ his personality.
A.resembles
B.strengthens
C.reflects
D.shapes
C 考查动词词义辨析。句意“由一个人的穿着、饮食、交友以及住房可以反映一个人的个性”。resemble “像”;strengthen “加强”;reflect“反映”;shape表示“形成”。
专题 四 │ 真题再现
()6. [2010·安徽] —How did you like Nick’s performance last night?
—To be honest, his singing didn’t ________ to me much.
A.appeal
B.belong
C.refer
D.occur
A 考查动词词义以及与介词的搭配。句意为:“你认为昨晚Nick的演出怎么样?”“说实话,他的演唱不能吸引我。” appeal to有吸引力,引起兴趣;belong to属于;refer to指,谈及,涉及;occur to发生。
专题 四 │ 真题再现
()7. [2010·江西] Parents ________ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.
A.attach
B.pay
C.link
D.apply
A 考查动词词义辨析。attach importance to是固定搭配,表示“重视;看重”。
专题 四 │ 真题再现
()8. [2010·江苏] The experiment has ________ the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.
A.found out
B.pointed out
C.ruled out
D.carried out
C 本题考查动词短语辨析。find out表示“查明、发现”;point out表示“指出”;carry out表示“执行”,均不符合语境,故排除。rule out表示“排除(可能性)”,符合语境。
专题 四 │ 真题再现
()9. [2010·辽宁] Thousands of people ________ to watch yesterday’s match against Ireland.
A.turned on
B.turned in
C.turned around
D.turned out
D 考查短语动词的用法。turn out 有“出席,在场”的意思;而turn on 则是“打开”;turn in有“上床睡觉, 上缴,向内拐”等意思;turn around是“转身,翻转”的意思。故只有turn out 符合语境。
专题 四 │ 真题再现
()10. [2010·浙江] After that, he knew he could ________ any emergency by doing what be could to the best of his ability.
A.get away with
B.get on with
C.get through
D.get across
C 本题考查动词词组辨析。根据句意:之后,他知道他能度过(get through)任何危机。A,携带……而逃;B,与……友好相处,继续干;D,使……被理解,均不符合语境,故排除。 专题预测 专题 四 │ 专题预测
()1.—Oh, my dear, why did you eat so little?
—If I gain any more weight, I shan’t be able to ________ my clothes.
A.mix with
B.go with
C.fit into
D.get along
C 考查动词短语。句意为:假如我的体重还要增加,我就穿不进我的衣服了。fit强调形状和尺寸适合,合身,符合题意。mix with“混和,掺和,融合”;go with“接受,相配”;get along “相处,进行”。 专题 四 │ 专题预测
()2.Now many university students are modelled on the Western lifestyle, choosing high calories fast food, which ________ diabetes(糖尿病) rising among them.
A.results from
B.accounts for
C.calls for
D.arises from
B 考查动词短语辨析。result from“由……引起”;account for“解释,是……的原因”;call for“需要”;arise from“由……引起”。diabetes rising among them(大学生患糖尿病的人数上升)是结果,所以选B。 专题 四 │ 专题预测
()3.—Hi,Lucy. Could you ________ the clothes here while we are swimming?
—With pleasure.
A.watch over
B.watch out
C.look over
D.look out
A 考查动词短语辨析。watch over照看。句意为:打扰一下,在我们游泳的时候您能帮我们照看一下衣服吗?watch out小心;look over仔细检查;look out小心。 专题 四 │ 专题预测
()4.I don’t know where my children have ________ those rude words.
A.picked up
B.taken up
C.put up
D.made up
A 考查动词短语辨析。pick up在这里表示“无意中学会”。句意为:我不知道我的孩子们在哪儿学来的那些粗话。 take up开始从事; put up举起,搭起;make up虚构,编造。 专题 四 │ 专题预测
()5.—What field will your son go into after graduation from Tsinghua University?
—I’m not quite certain, but he ________ a good teacher of English.
A.promises
B.becomes
C.makes
D.proves
A 考查动词词义辨析。promise表示“很可能/有希望(成为)”。 句意为:“你儿子清华大学毕业后要进入哪个行业?”“我也不太确定,但是他有望成为一名好的英语教师。”become表示“变成,成为”;make表示“成为”;prove表示“证明”。
专题 四 │ 专题预测
()6.In view of all sorts of rumors and guesses, experts carried out some careful and scientific research and ________ the possibility of a second earthquake in this area.
A.blamed
B.discounted
C.attended
D.charged
B 考查动词词义辨析。句意为:考虑到各种谣言和猜疑,专家们进行了认真、科学的调查,并且否定了在这个地区再一次发生地震的可能性。blame谴责; discount折扣,否认; attend参加; charge管理,负责,要价,控告。所以本题选择B项合适。
专题 四 │ 专题预测
()7.In preparing scientific reports of laboratory experiment, you should ________ your findings in logical order and clear language.
A.write
B.raise
C.present
D.put
C 考查动词词义辨析。C项意为“呈现”。句意为:在实验科学报告的准备中,你应该把你的发现用清楚的语言和合乎逻辑的顺序呈现出来。A项意为“写”;B项意为“升起,使出现”;D项意为“放”,均不符合语境。 专题 一 │ 专题预测
()8.Seeing the happy ________of children playing together there, I’ll full of joy and hope for the future of our country.
A.scene
B.sign
C.sense
D.view
A 考查名词辨析。scene
意为“场面,场景”。句意为:看到孩子们在一块玩耍的场景,我满怀喜悦,憧憬着我们国家美好的未来。sign意为“标记,符号”; sense意为“感觉”; view意为“观点,风景”,均不符合语境。 专题 一 │ 专题预测
()9.Many people in Haiti died from the earthquake because they didn’t have ________ to immediate rescue.
A.access
B.admission
C.approach
D.attention
A 考查名词词义辨析。句意为:许多人在海地地震中丧生了,因为他们没法得到及时的援助。have access to表示“有机会获得”。 专题 一 │ 专题预测
()10.A new study shows that if your friends and family get fat, ________are that you will too.
A.situations
B.facts
C.chances
D.possibilities
C 考查名词辨析。该题要利用固定搭配确定答案。chances are that…为固定搭配,意为“可能……”。句意为:一项新的研究表明,如果你的朋友和家人变胖,你也可能变胖。 专题二 代词
专题 二 │ 代词 专题导读 专题 二 │ 专题导读
代词考点主要集中在替代词、指示代词和不定代词的掌握上。在复习中要注意熟练掌握one/ones; that/those; 以any/every/no 开头的不定代词的运用,尤其是这些不定代词的特殊用法。同时还要注意it的用法:it除了作代词外,还可构成强调句结构;有时,考查它在特定句型中作形式主语、形式宾语的用法。所以对it的用法必须全面掌握。 真题再现 专题 二 │ 真题再现
()1. [2010·福建] When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson, could you please say ________ for me?
A.everything B.anything
C.something
D.nothing
C 考查代词。根据句意:“当你把我介绍给约翰逊先生时,能为我说说话吗?”something 用在问句中是表示建议或请求,期望得到肯定回答。 专题 二 │ 真题再现
()2. [2010·江西] Swimming is my favorite sport. There is ________ like swimming as a means of keeping fit.
A.something
B.anything
C.nothing
D.everything
C 考查不定代词用法。句意:没有什么东西能像游泳一样可以作为一种健身方式。
专题 二 │ 真题再现
()3. [2010·山东] Helping others is a habit, ________ you can learn even at an early age.
A.itB.thatC.whatD.one
D 代词one表示泛指(a/an +n.),代词that表示特指(the +n.),本题代词one表示a habit。 专题 二 │ 真题再现
()4. [2010·陕西] The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ________ in any other area of the city.
A.that
B.this
C.it
D.one
A 本题考查代词。that 被用来替代 the cost of renting a house。在英语中,that 被用来替代同一类事物。
专题 二 │ 真题再现
()5. [2010·上海] If our parents do everything for us children, we won’t learn to depend on ________.
A.themselves
B.them
C.us
D.ourselves
D 本题考查反身代词。主语为we,因此应为ourselves。depend on oneself自力更生。根据句意选D。 专题 二 │ 真题再现
()6. [2010·四川] On my desk is a photo that my father took of ________ when I was a baby.
A.him
B.his
C.me
D.mine
C 考查代词词义辨析。作介词宾语用人称代词的宾格。句意:我的桌子上放着我小时候父亲给我拍的一张照片。
专题 二 │ 真题再现
()7. [2010·浙江] ________ that’s important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.
A.One
B.All
C.Everything
D.Anything
B 本题考查代词。根据句意:所有(all)重要的是你尽力了而且朝着正确的方向前进。
专题 二 │ 真题再现
()8. [2010·重庆] He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found ________of them again.
A.neither
B.either
C.each
D.all
B 考查代词词义辨析。这里用never…either表示“两者都不”,相当于…and found neither of them again. 专题 二 │ 真题再现
()9. [2010·安徽] You are the team star! Working with ________is really your cup of tea.
A.both
B.either
C.others
D.the other
C 考查代词用法。 sb’s cup of tea 合乎某人的口味,使某人感兴趣的东西。others表示泛指“其他的”,后不接名词。 专题 二 │ 真题再现
()10. [2010·全国卷Ⅱ] The doctor thought ________ would be good for you to have a holiday.
A.this
B.that
C.one
D.it
D 考查代词用法辨析。it用作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语。
专题预测 专题 二 │ 专题预测
()1.I haven’t read ________ of the articles carefully, but I find that there is a striking similarity between them.
A.each
B.either
C.any
D.all
B 考查代词。根据but和between them可判断,“我”两篇文章都没有认真阅读。
专题 二 │ 专题预测
()2.—How much salt did you put in the soup?
—________. I’m terribly sorry that I forgot.
A.Nothing
B.None
C.Little
D.No
B 考查代词的用法。以how much或how many开头的特殊疑问句的否定回答,一般用none,表示“一点儿(一个)也没有”。
专题 二 │ 专题预测
()3.—Have you got any books on English grammar? I’d like to borrow ________.
—Yes, here you are. But you must return it by Friday.
A.it
B.one
C.some
D.any
B 考查不定代词。由答语中的it得知所借的书为一本。句意为“您有英语语法书吗?我想借一本。”选one,相当于a book。 专题 二 │ 专题预测
()4.—Which share shall I take?
—You can take ________half. They are exactly the same.
A.this
B.any
C.each
D.either
D 考查不定代词。从half可知是两半,意思是“你可以拿任意一半”,用either。
专题 二 │ 专题预测
()5.—Some people often shout at each other in public.
—Yes. I really hate ________.
A.that
B.them
C.this
D.it
D 考查代词的用法。这里it指的是上一句所说的some people often shout at each other in public这一现象,所以要用it。 专题 二 │ 专题预测
()6.It is said that Van Gogh succeeded in selling only one painting in his lifetime, ________ sold to his brother.
A.one
B.another
C.the one
D.which
C 考查代词的用法。the one和only one painting是同位关系,后面的sold是过去分词作定语表被动。据说梵·高一生中只成功地卖出了一幅画,就是卖给他兄弟的那幅。which可以引导非限制性定语从句,但后空后缺少谓语,排除D项。 专题 二 │ 专题预测
()7.It is said that Van Gogh succeeded in selling only one painting in his lifetime, ________ was sold to his brother.
A.one
B.another
C.the one
D.which
D 考查代词的用法。注意该题和上一题只有一个单词的差别,但是答案却相差千里。这里引导一个非限制性定语从句,代替指物的先行词,并在从句中作主语,所以用which。
专题 二 │ 专题预测
()8.His advertisement income this year is about $36 million, over three times ________of last year.
A.that
B.what
C.those
D.ones
A 考查that作代词的用法。句中是将今年的广告收入和去年的广告收入作对比,that指advertisement income。句子意思为“他今年的广告收入是3600万美元,是去年的三倍。”
专题 二 │ 专题预测
()9.—Do you know what people are saying about you?
—Of course I know. But ________ is true, and I don’t care.
A.nothing
B.something
C.everything
D.none
D 表示没有上文中提到的人或物,用none。 本题none指代none of what people are saying about me。
专题三 形容词与副词
专题 三 │ 形容词与副词 专题导读 专题 三 │ 专题导读
形容词、副词的考查主要集中在比较级、在具体的语境中形容词和副词的词义辨析、表语形容词问题以及习惯搭配问题。此外,语用结构比较特殊情况的考查也日臻热化。
真题再现 专题 三 │ 真题再现
()1. [2010·湖北] In this lecture, I can only give you a purely ________ view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.
A.private
B. personal
C. unique
D. different
B 考查形容词词义辨析。从语境上理解是表示“给予个人的(personal)观点”。private表示“私人的”,unique表示“独一无二”,different表示“不同的”。 专题 三 │ 真题再现
()2. [2010·江西] Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life ________and more ________, have reduced the need for face-to-face communications.
A.easily; efficient
B.easier; efficient
C.easy; efficiently
D.easily; efficiently
B 考查形容词用法。使役动词make后接形容词作宾语补足语,此处意为“计算机和手机使得我们的生活更轻松、更高效”。 专题 三 │ 真题再现
()3. [2010·山东] Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have ________ schedules to make it easier to care for their children.
A.heavy
B.smooth
C.flexible
D.complex
C 根据句意“制定灵活的(flexible)计划以便照料孩子”可知选C。 专题 三 │ 真题再现
()4. [2010·上海] It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was ________journey.
A.three hour
B.a three-hours
C.a three-hour
D.three hours
C 此题考查复合形容词“数词+连字符+名词”的用法。连字符连接的词作名词定语且用单数。此处意为“三个小时的路程”。
专题 三 │ 真题再现
()5. [2010·安徽] ________, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.
A.Shy and cautious
B.Sensitive and thoughtful
C.Honest and confident
D.Lighthearted and optimistic
D 形容词短语作状语,表示原因,相当于Since/As she is lighthearted and optimistic 。句意为:她心胸豁达、乐观,总是通过微笑把阳光传给人们。 形容词短语可以在句中作状语,表示原因,放在句首;表示伴随情况,放在句后。 专题 三 │ 真题再现
()6. [2010·福建] —Volunteering is becoming ________ popular in China.
—Yeah, people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves.
A.naturally
B.successfully
C.splendidly
D.increasingly
D 考查副词辨析。根据第一句句意:志愿工作在中国正越来越受到欢迎,可知D项正确。 模块 1 │ 题型探究
【典例】 ()[2010·陕西]
________ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.
A.Seen
B.Seeing
C.Having seen
D.To see
【解析】 A 考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语是句子的主语,它和动词see构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词,选A。 模块 1 │ 题型探究 ? 探究点三 语法结构型语法填空
从近几年的高考试题来看,这类试题主要考查学生对基础语法知识的掌握情况和基本运用能力,包括对各种从句的辨认和使用能力,对各种句型的识别和运用能力,对基本时态在特定语境中的运用能力,对非谓语动词的基本性能和特定用法的掌握和使用,以及对各种习惯搭配的含义和用法的综合把握和使用能力等。事实上,“语法结构类”试题往往仍被置于一定的语境中来考查,要求考生对语言的把握要准确、透彻,解题过程中要领会语境中的内涵。 模块 1 │ 题型探究
解此类题时,要注意题干中的省略现象、插入成分以及倒装现象等,防止解此类题时与常规的命题等量齐观,用常规的办法解答非常规的试题,即克服思维定势的负面影响,应该在明确属于哪类现象后,分别采用补全法、排除法和还原法等手段进行处理。 模块 1 │ 题型探究
【典例1】 ()[2010·山东] Up to now, the program ________ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
A.would save
B.saves
C.had saved
D.has saved
【解析】 D 考查动词的时态。句意应为“到现在为止,这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。”up to now“到现在为止”,是现在完成时态的标志。 模块 1 │ 题型探究
【典例2】 ()[2010·北京] —The weather has been very hot and dry.
—Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables ________.
A.wouldn’t die
B.didn’t die
C.hadn’t died
D.wouldn’t have died
【解析】 D 考查虚拟语气中对过去发生事情的虚拟。第二个说话人的If条件句是我们选择正确答案的关键。“要是当时下雨了,现在的情况就会好得多了!我的蔬菜也就不会死了。”过去没有下雨,所以蔬菜死了也是发生在过去。而将句子还原,则为If it had rained even a drop, my vegetables wouldn’t have died. 模块 1 │ 题型探究
【归纳拓展】 对过去发生事情的虚拟句:If + had done,主语+couldn’t/shouldn’t/wouldn’t have done.
【典例3】 ()[2010·上海] I had great difficulty ________ the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.
A.find
B.found
C.to find
D.Finding
【解析】 D 考查句式结构。这里考查的是一个固定句式:have difficulty (in)doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”。故选D。 模块 1 │ 题型探究 ? 探究点四 情景交际型语法填空
高考语法填空比较注重对语言交际能力的考查。此类试题通常以对话形式,考查学生对某个语境的理解和反应能力,所包含的通常都是日常生活中常用的, 而且多是课本中所学过的情境, 当然有时也不排除个别较为灵活的会话内容,如问候、介绍、祝愿、邀请、道歉、建议、购物、问路、打电话、看病、就餐等。要求考生须对西方文化和风俗习惯有所了解和把握,切忌选择“中文式”的交际选项。
模块 1 │ 题型探究
答题时,以下几点值得注意:
1.要重视语境理解, 然后根据选项和语境之间的逻辑关系推出答案。
2.答题时一定要把说话双方的内容完整地结合起来理解, 切忌望文生义, 或者断章取义。
3.有的题干或选项可能会采用省略现象, 必须先弄清楚被省略的成分后再选答案。
4.有的口语说法完全来源于英语国家人们的语言习惯,是约定俗成的。做这样的题一定要根据英语国家人们的语言表达习惯来答题。不要受中文语言习惯的干扰。 模块 1 │ 题型探究
【典例1】 ()[2010·天津] —Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me?
—Sure. ________?
A.What help
B.What is this
C.What is it
D.What do you want
【解析】 C 考查交际用语。句意:“劳驾,你能帮帮我吗?”“好的,什么事?”第一个人询问是否可以帮忙,从第二个人的回答Sure可以知道他愿意,所以接着应该问具体是什么事,用What is it?表示 “什么事?” 模块 1 │ 题型探究
【典例2】 ()[2010·江苏] —I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in vain.
—Why not consult with Frank? You see, ________.
A.great minds think alike
B.two heads are better than one
C.a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
D.it’s better to think twice before doing
something 模块 1 │ 题型探究
【解析】 B 本题考查谚语。 答语的前半部分意为:为什么不向Frank咨询一下呢?由此可以看出:所选的句子应该是对为什么这样做的解释,由此可以看出, B项所说的“三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮”符合语境。 A 意为“英雄所见略同”;C项意为“一鸟在手胜于二鸟在林”;D项意为“三思而后行”。 模块 1 │ 题型探究
【典例3】 ()[2010·山东] —Her father is very rich.
—________ She wouldn’t accept his help even if it were offered.
A.What for?
B.So what?
C.No doubt.
D.No wonder.
【解析】 B 考查交际英语在具体语境中的使用。句意应为“她父亲非常富裕。”“那又怎么样?即使主动给她帮助,她也不会接受的。”表示“那又怎么样?”用“So what?” What for表示“为了什么”;No doubt 表示“毫无疑问”;No wonder 表示“毫不奇怪”。 专题一 名词与冠词
专题 一 │ 名词与冠词 专题导读 专题 一 │ 专题导读
名词主要考查名词词义辨析、名词的数及“可数”与“不可数”、名词与其他词组成固定搭配、冠词的语意和规则。为了增加知识覆盖面和试题的难度,冠词题经常设两个空。从近几年命题来看有重语意表达轻规则记忆的特点,提高了对学生语境理解的要求。复习时应关注冠词使用的一些特定的场合,解题时要注意从情景语意入手,合理使用规则。 真题再现 专题 一 │ 真题再现
()1. [2010·安徽] I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond ________.
A.hearingB.strength
C.recognition
D.measure
C 考查介词与名词搭配。句意为:“Sara是小孩子的时候我见过,后来就没见过她,她变得让人认不出来了”。 beyond recognition变得认不出来;beyond measure非常,极其。
专题 一 │ 真题再现
()2. [2010·江西] Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000, a(n) ________ of 40,000 per year.
A.average
B.number
C.amount
D.quantity
A 考查名词词义辨析。此处表示“平均每年40000人(拿到驾照)”。average平均;number数字;amount数量;quantity数量。
专题 一 │ 真题再现
()3. [2010·山东] Those who suffer from headache will find they get ________ from this medicine.
A.relief
B.safety
C.defense
D.shelter
A relief表示“用药后病情的缓解。
专题 一 │ 真题再现
()4. [2010·湖北] This restaurant has become popular for its wide ________ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
A.division
B.area
C.range
D.circle
C 考查名词词义辨析。range名词,这里表示“一系列”。例如:The library has ranges of books in perfect order.这个图书馆的书一排一排放得井井有条。这里表示食物种类繁多。
专题 一 │ 真题再现
()5. [2010·浙江] The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don’t give you any direct ________.
A.solution
B.target
C.measure
D.function
A 本题考查名词。根据句意:学校的咨询师会帮助你讨论你的问题,但是他们不会给直接的解决办法(solution)。
专题 一 │ 真题再现
()6. [2010·福建] It’s ________ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them ________ pleasure.
A./; a
B.a; /
C.the; a
D.a; the
B 句意为:“去上海欣赏世博会带给人们快乐,这是一种非常好的感觉。”feeling,“感觉”,可数名词,“一种感觉”含有“一”的概念,用不定冠词a。pleasure“快乐,欢乐”,不可数名词,故用零冠词。
专题 一 │ 真题再现
()7. [2010·山东] If we sit near ________ front of the bus, we’ll have ________ better view.
A./; the
B./; a
C.the; a
D.the; the
C 根据句意可知我们坐在公共汽车内部的前面,所以应用the front of;短语have a view表示“观看,眺望”。
专题 一 │ 真题再现
()8. [2010·江苏] The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that ________ people from all walks of life are working hard for ________ new Jiangsu.
A./; a
B./; the
C.the; a
D.the; the
A 本题考查冠词辨析。people from all walks of life 是固定短语,表示“各行各业的人们”,表泛指,故用零冠词。Jiangsu被new修饰,且表示“一”的概念,故用不定冠词。 专题 一 │ 真题再现
()9. [2010·辽宁] There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in ________ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto ________ earth.
A.the; the
B./; the
C.the; /
D.a; the
B 考查冠词。第一空in space 是固定短语,不用冠词;第二空名词earth属于独一无二事物的名词,其前必须用定冠词。句意:太空中有超过58000的岩状物体,其中大约900个有可能掉到地球上。
专题 一 │ 真题再现
()10. [2010·北京] First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ________ second chance to make ________ first impression.
A.a; the
B.the; the
C.a; a
D.the; a
C 本题考查冠词。第一空表示“再一次,又一次”,序数词在此不表示顺序,其前用不定冠词a/an;第二空表示“一次第一印象”,表示泛指,用不定冠词a。 专题预测 专题 一 │ 专题预测
()1.The theme of Expo 2010 was “Better City, Better Life”, representing ________ common wish of the whole humankind for ________ better living in future urban environments.
A.the; a
B.a; a
C./; the
D.the; /
专题 一 │ 专题预测
A 考查冠词的用法。句意为:2010年世博会的主题是: Better City, Better Life,描绘了人们对于未来一种更美好的城市生活环境的共同愿望。第一空后面的介词短语of the whole humankind 是定语,因此前面的common wish是特指,用定冠词;第二空指“一种更好的生活”,表泛指,用不定冠词。
专题 一 │ 专题预测
()2.Nowadays it is difficult for people to find ________ work because ________ economic situation in world is very serious.
A./; an
B./; the
C.the; the
D.a; /
B 考查冠词的用法。work是不可数名词,表泛指,所以第一空不用冠词;第二空特指“世界经济形势”,故用定冠词the。句意为:因为严峻的经济形势,现在人们找工作已经很困难了。 专题 一 │ 专题预测
()3.In 2008,I went to South Africa. When I first set foot on________ strange land, I didn’t know what the future had in ________ store for me.
A.the; /
B.the; the
C./; a
D.the; a
A 考查冠词。the strange land指代South Africa;have sth in store for sb意为“即将发生在某人身上;有……等着某人”。句意为:2008年我来到了南非。当我第一次踏上这块神奇的土地时,我不知道等待我的是什么。
专题 一 │ 专题预测
()4.—Anyone in mind for this position? What about Jack?
—He may be a good friend,but business is business.He is not ________ man for ________ job.
A.a; a
B.the; the
C.a; the
D.the; a
C 考查冠词的用法。第一空是泛指的概念,因此用不定冠词;第二空是特指“这份工作”,用定冠词。故答案是C。 专题 一 │ 专题预测
()5.A new research suggests cutting ________ global warming pollution would not only make ________ planet healthier, but also make people healthier.
A.the; a
B./; /
C./; the
D.the; the
C 考查冠词的用法。global warming pollution是泛指概念,不用冠词;the planet特指地球,用定冠词。 专题 一 │ 专题预测
()6.Now an increasing number of middle school students go abroad for further study at their own ________, trying hard to realize their dreams.
A.price
B.cost
C.expense
D.pay
C 考查固定搭配。at one’s expense意为“由某人支付费用”。句意为:现在,越来越多的中学生自费出国深造,努力实现他们的梦想。 专题 一 │ 专题预测
()7.Nowadays, many people walk to work in ________ to the Copenhagen Conference calling for living a low-carbon lifestyle to cope with global warming.
A.relation
B.response
C.addition
D.opposition
B 考查名词辨析。in response to对……作出反应,响应。句意为:现在,许多人步行上班来响应哥本哈根会议的呼吁,即过低碳生活以应对全球变暖。relation联系; addition增添,添加;opposition反对。 专题一 名词与冠词 专题二
代词 专题三
形容词与副词 专题四
动词与动词短语 专题五
连词与介词 专题六
非谓语动词 专题七
情态动词与虚拟语气 专题八
动词的时态与语态 专题九
数词与主谓一致 专题十
名词性从句 专题十一
状语从句 专题十二
定语从句 专题十三
特殊句式 专题十四
情景交际 模块 1 语法填空
模块 1 语法填空
考纲解读 模块 1 │考纲解读
语法填空主要测试考生对英语语法、词汇以及在所给语境中对功能意念项目的运用能力。最新考纲要求:考生掌握并能运用课程标准八级要求规定的英语语音、词汇、语法、功能意念和话题,要求词汇量为3300左右的词汇和400—500个习惯用语或固定搭配;并且能从语言运用的角度出发,把语言的形式、意义和用法有机地结合起来,能在语境中了解和掌握语法的表意功能。语言的交际性和实用性是该题型考查的重中之重。 命题分析 模块 1 │ 命题分析
新课标地区语法填空题有以下特点:考点分布合理,突出语境,强化语意,强调运用,难度适中,注重“新材料、新情景”的运用。具体分析如下:
一、考点分布合理,突出语境,强调运用
考点覆盖面广,考题涉及了考纲和新课标大部分语法项目,所有的热点、重点语法项目以及每个语法项目中的热点、重点都尽显其中。注重语法和词汇的交际运用,回归语言基础;突出重点:动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词、名词、形容词、副词、各种从句出现的频率较高。尤其要引起考生重视的是动词、动词短语、各种习惯表达法及交际用语。如2010年天津卷的15个语法填 模块 1 │ 命题分析
空题中,与动词有关的有5个题。其中第10题考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致;第1题考查动词词义辨析;第11题考查动词短语辨析;第4题考查动词的时态;第12题考查非谓语动词。同时,严格遵循《英语课程标准》 “笔试应避免单纯语法知识题” 的要求,将语法规则和词汇考查与具体的语境相结合;体现交际,以口语对话和习惯用语等考查学生运用语言的能力。
二、注重“新情景、新材料”,体现交际性原则
依托“新情景、新材料”进行词汇和语法知识的考查是新课标地区英语命题的一大特色,这样更有利于考查考生运用所学的语言知识解决实际问题的能力。一些考生们 模块 1 │ 命题分析
所熟悉的热点、焦点事件,在新课标地区的考卷中都得到了很好的利用,比如:有关世博会的话题(福建卷21,天津卷10;江苏卷24);有关洪灾的话题(天津卷12);有关世界杯的话题(辽宁卷28);有关电动汽车的话题(浙江卷15);有关玉树地震的话题(福建卷25;江苏卷28);有关冰岛火山喷发的话题(福建卷34)等等,将语法及词汇的考查融入到真实的语境中,体现了高考命题与时俱进的特点。
应试点睛 模块 1 │ 应试点睛
在做语法填空题时,一定要完整地理解一个句子,也就是说要把题干读完。有时,最后一个词恰恰是解决问题的关键,特别是时态题,要对四个答案进行比较分析,并结合语境。如果是情景交际,一定要把两句话联系起来,不能孤立地对待每一个句子。只有结合语境,才能找到正确答案。只有通过全面、仔细的分析,从结构和功能、语境和语意等多角度作全方位的考虑,才能选出最佳答案。另外,如果碰到通过各种手段都不能解决的问题,不要着急,不能因为一道小题影响了其他题。具体方法阐述如下: 模块 1 │ 应试点睛
一、把握语境信息,理解命题意图
语境是指一定的语言环境。语法填空题所给的四个答案选项中往往不止一个答案在语法上是正确的,但只有一个答案符合试题所给的语境。能不能看破这个迷津,既取决于我们的理解能力,同时也与我们的文学修养有关。语法填空题的考查目的就是考查学生在特定语境中准确运用语法知识的能力。好的考题中的语境设置往往十分自然、巧妙,它要求我们选择的不只是正确答案,而是最佳答案,因为语法上正确的答案不一定是实际生活交际中最得体、最合适的答案。因此我们做题时,一定要找出字里行间中的隐含信息,全面考虑,准确地把握语境内涵,有针对性地分析语法成分,才能避免出错。 模块 1 │ 应试点睛
【典例】 ()[2010·天津] —Professor Johnson, I’m afraid I can’t finish the report within this week.
—________. How about next week?
A.Good for youB.It won’t bother me
C.Not at all
D.That’s OK
【解析】 D 考查交际用语。句意:“约翰逊教授,恐怕我这周完不成报告。 ”“没关系,下周怎么样?”根据后面的How about next week可以看出,Johnson教授已经确认这周完不成报告没关系,所以,用That’s OK。Not at all意为“不用谢”。
模块 1 │ 应试点睛
二、注意英汉差别,克服定势干扰
英语和汉语的表达习惯不同,考生应注意对比两种语言,并注意中西方文化的差异、特定语言情景中的表达以及习惯用法。命题者往往利用思维定势的负迁移作用设置一些干扰性很强的选项。思维定势是指思维在形式上常常采用的、比较固定的或是相对凝固的一种思维逻辑、思维推理、思维内容,它是人们在长期的思维过程中所形成的一种思维条件反射。思维定势是一把双刃剑,如果运用得当,它可以帮助考生将考题内容与以前所学知识迅速联系起来,并在短时间内调集解决问题所需的相关知识进行分析、推理,并很快得出正确的结论;但若运用不当,它便会误导考生掉入命题人所预设的陷阱,得出错误的结论。 模块 1 │ 应试点睛
【典例】 ()[2010·上海] That is the only way we can imagine ________ the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
A.reducing
B.to reduce
C.reduced
D.reduce
【解析】 B 考查非谓语动词。the way to do sth表示“做某事的途径、方式”;we can imagine作定语,前面省略了that。也就是说,不定式to reduce 不是imagine的宾语。本题易受思维定势“imagine doing sth.”的影响而误选A项。 模块 1 │ 应试点睛
三、注意标点符号,正确使用连词
语法填空题干中的标点符号对于我们选择正确答案起着相当重要的作用,准确理解标点符号所包含的隐藏信息,能够帮助我们选出正确答案,反之,对其忽略或视而不见,则往往使我们选错答案。这是因为,标点符号是书面语言的有机组成部分,其主要功能在于准确地记录语言,有助于确切的表达说话人的思想和理解对话双方的语言信息。 模块 1 │ 应试点睛
【典例】 ()Cars do cause us some health problems—in fact far more serious ________ than mobile phones do.
A.oneB.ones C.itD.those
【解析】 B 考查代词的指代。破折号起了进一步解释说明的作用。破折号后面空缺的那个词语必须指代前面的某个词语,充当同位语。题中的ones 指代了破折号前面的problems。 模块 1 │ 应试点睛
四、 剔除干扰信息, 理清句子结构
正确分析句子结构是解题的关键。对于一些结构比较复杂的试题,考生要善于分析、归纳和总结,以便准确把握命题者的命题思路。对于包含插入成分的句子,要抓住主句,排除冗余信息;对于特殊句型要学会进行句型转换。答题时要特别要留心一些由干扰信息所带来的障碍,如倒装句干扰、定语从句干扰、非正常语序和强调句干扰等。
模块 1 │ 应试点睛
【典例】 ()[2010·安徽] It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village ________ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.
A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which
【解析】 B 本题考查强调句型。迷惑点在于强调部分中含有一个定语从句that she had bought in the village。如果能很快发现that she had bought in the village其实是一个冗余成分,答案就一目了然了。 模块 1 │ 应试点睛
五、补全省略成分, 充分理解语境
在语境试题中,命题者往往会根据上下文的语境故意省略一些成分,增加试题难度。在解题时,一定要弄清题意,仔细地分析句子结构,补全省略部分,这样才能有助于排除干扰成分,选出正确答案。
【典例】 ()[2010·浙江] The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if ________ regularly, can improve our health.
A.being carried out
B.carrying out
C.carried out
D.to carry out
模块 1 │ 应试点睛
【解析】 C 考查if条件句中的省略情况。句意:这项实验表明,适当的运动,如果有规律地进行,能够有助于我们的身体健康。当主、从句主语一致时,从句可以使用省略形式,即“连词+v.-ing/v.-ed”形式。本句中if条件从句省略了it is,所以答案选C项。
模块 1 │ 应试点睛
六、识别相似句型,找准细微差异
易混句型是学习中的难点,也是高考中的重点,不但在语法填空题中出现,而且在短文改错和完形填空题中也有涉及。有的句型十分相似,若不仔细分辨,很容易出错。例如:It + be + 时间段的用法,what 与that 引导主语从句的区别等,这些句型都要在平时学习中注意积累和归纳。 模块 1 │ 应试点睛
【典例】 ()[2010·四川] Because of the heavy traffic,it was already time for lunch break ________ she got to her office.
A.since
B.that
C.when
D.until
【解析】 C 考查状语从句。句意:因为交通阻塞,当她到达办公室时已经是午休的时间了。故此处应为when引导的时间状语从句,正确答案为C。本题容易和强调句型混淆。
模块 1 │ 应试点睛
七、还原题干结构,回归基本句型
通过改变原有句子的结构来增加单选题的难度,是命题者用常用的一种手段。解答这类试题,可采用“还原法”,即将改变后的句子还原为本来的面目。如:通过把结构复杂的题干转换成我们所熟悉的基本句型,就能打破思维定势,挖掘出题目的核心、考点,从而快速找到正确答案。具体方法如下:
1.把主从复合句还原为两个简单句;
2.把疑问句还原为陈述句;
3.把强调句结构还原为普通句式结构;
4.把倒装结构还原为正常结构;
5.把省略句补充完整;
6.把被动结构还原为主动结构等。
模块 1 │ 应试点睛
【典例】 ()[2008·福建] By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ________ appeared a rare rainbow soon.
A.of which
B.on which
C.from which
D.above which
【解析】 D 考查定语从句的连词。将定语从句部分还原为简单句应该是这样的:a rare rainbow soon appeared above the top of Mount Qomolangma,罕见的彩虹出现在珠穆朗玛峰之巅。由此判断这里定语从句的连接词“介词+which”结构中用above。 模块 1 │ 应试点睛
【举一反三】 ()Is this the farm ________ you visited last week?
A.where
B.the one
C.on which
D./
【解析】 D 命题人经常利用疑问句的特殊结构来干扰学生的正确选择。遇到这类定语从句时,最好的办法是先把疑问句还原成陈述句,然后判断谁是先行词,再看关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分,最后确定正确答案。 模块 1 │ 应试点睛
八、快速锁定“题眼”,轻松选择答案
“题眼”是指题干中的关键词或关键符号,如:otherwise,but for, and 等具有提示作用的信息。一旦抓住了它们,就能准确把握命题者的意图,迅速找到突破口,从而找到正确答案。
此外,要坚持整理积累易错题,对错误进行思考、分析,找出原因,纠正错误,做到举一反三、触类旁通。 模块 1 │ 应试点睛
【典例】 ()[2009·福建] But for the help of my English teacher, I ________ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A.would not win
B.would not have won
C.would win
D.would have won
【解析】 B 考查虚拟语气。由标志词But for可以看出,这里应该用虚拟语气。此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反,故句子谓语动词用would/should/could/might + have done结构,故选B。 题型探究 模块 1 │ 题型探究 ? 探究点一 辨析型语法填空
词汇试题考查的重点一般在动词、名词、形容词、副词和介词的词义辨析以及由这些词所构成的词组及短语上。考查的难点一般是在特定的语境下考查形近词、同义词或近义词辨析和常用词组等,可谓“小语境”的完形填空或者完形填空的“前奏曲”。 要求考生理解题干和语境的含义,从词义各不相同的选项中选出形式和含义都符合题干的选项。选项及其搭配中都有其固定的基本含义, 其中有些还具有多种含义。因此,我们在平时的复习备考中,要全面掌握《考试大纲》中规定的词汇及词组的含义及用法。 模块 1 │ 题型探究
在解答该类型的题目时,要注意:
1.弄清楚四个词组或固定搭配的基本词义, 以便与题干中的语境对号入座;
2.细读题干, 明白语境, 在缺词的情况下初步推断题干的大致含义;
3.将初步选定的词组或固定搭配代入题干, 看其是否符合语法和逻辑, 如果符合, 则是正确答案;
4.注意词组和固定搭配的完整性, 不可望文生义。 模块 1 │ 题型探究
【典例1】 ()[2010·江苏] —I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.
—Don’t worry. You ________ have it by Friday.
A.could
B.shall
C.must
D.may
【解析】 B 考查情态动词辨析。shall在主语为第二人称的句子中表示允诺,还可以表示强制、命令、威胁、警告,以及在法律条文中的要求或规定。 模块 1 │ 题型探究
【归纳拓展】 从近几年的高考题来看,情态动词的特殊含义是考生失分较多的题目,比如,上一题中shall的用法。再如must,除了我们常见的意思“必须;一定”外,还可以表示与说话人相反的愿望或语气不耐烦,意为“偏偏,偏要”。注意:近几年must表示“偏偏,偏要”这一用法已成为高考的一个热点。如:John, look at the time. Must you play the piano at such a late hour?
此外,would还可以表示过去反复发生的动作或行为,意为“总是,习惯于”。 如:When he was there, he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. 模块 1 │ 题型探究
【典例2】 ()[2010·浙江] The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of ________ left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A.whom
B.which
C.them
D.those
【解析】 A 考查词语辨析。由many之前的逗号和选项特征可知,此处是主从句关系,排除C、D项。由于先行词是“1,000 people”,表示人,故用whom。句意为:这里居住着将近1000人,他们中的许多人都背井离乡去城市追求更好的生活。 模块 1 │ 题型探究
【变式训练】 ()The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, and many of ________ left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A.whom
B.which
C.them
D.those
【解析】 C 由many之前的and可以看出,这是两个并列的分句,代替前一个分句的nearly 1,000 people,所以要用them。 模块 1 │ 题型探究 ? 探究点二 逻辑推理型语法填空
有的语法填空题的题干比较复杂,有的为正确答案提供的关键点或暗示不明显;有的题干与选项之间的关系含糊不清、模棱两可。该类型的题目就应该通过逻辑推理来找出正确答案。这类试题旨在考查考生分析和解决问题的能力, 以及明辨事理、逻辑推断的能力。
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