专题四 │ 典例导练
3. A 本题考查动词辨析。动词skip(跳远)、reject(拒绝、抵制)、replace(取代)都不符合题意。人们观看的是完美的表演，但表演之前作品经历了(undergo)多次修改，与上段的“Andrew Lloyd Webber’s musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.”对应。 4. A 本题考查动词辨析。动词release(释放、发行)、record(记录、录音)、reserve(保留、预订)都不符合题意。动词rewrite表示“重写、修改”，和动词revise同义，和本篇话题相关。 专题四 │ 典例导练
5. B 本题考查介词短语辨析。介词短语in addition to表示“而且、除……之外还有”，in opposition to表示“与……的意见相反”，in contrast to表示“与……形成对比”，都与本题不符。in response to(作为对……的反应)，在本句表示“你修改作品是对你想改进作品这一目的的一种回应”。 6. D 本题考查形容词辨析。fresh ideas 与后面的newly discovered information对应。 专题四 │ 典例导练
7. B 本题考查副词辨析。副词moreover(而且)类似于but also，表递进含义，与前句中的not just(only)呼应。副词however(然而，表转折关系)、instead(替代、反而，表相反含义)、therefore(因此，表原因)都不符合题意。 8. B 本题考查动词辨析。switch topics(变换标题)属于修改作品这一工作的一部分。动词discuss(讨论)、exhaust(使筋疲力尽)、cover(覆盖、包含)都不符合题意。 专题四 │ 典例导练
9. D 本题考查动名词辨析。drafting(起草)、rearranging(重新安排)、performing(表演)都与题意不符。名词training(培训)在本句表示“排练”，与上文dress rehearsals/tryouts同义。 10. C 本题考查名词辨析。名词audience(观众)与下句view your dress rehearsal对应。名词director(导演)、master(主人)、visitor(来访者)都与题意不符。 专题四 │ 典例导练
11. B 本题考查形容词辨析。形容词valuable表示“做自己作品的观众能给你有价值的新信息”。形容词personal(个人的)、basic(基本的)、delicate(娇贵的、纤弱的、精美的)都与题意不符。 12. A 本题考查动词辨析。动词mix在本句表示“(修改就是把作品所有方面的有效性和适当性)融合在一起”。 专题四 │ 典例导练
13. D 本题考查形容词辨析。形容词clear在本句表示“(我的文章大意或写作意图是否)清晰”，与下文confuse readers对应。形容词amazing(令人惊讶的)、bright(明亮的、聪明的)、unique(独特的)都与题意不符。 14. C 本题考查名词辨析。后句名词facts、opinions、inferences都属于information，与倒数第三段中的newly discovered information对应。 专题四 │ 典例导练
15. A 本题考查形容词辨析。unnecessary details表示“多余的信息”，多余的信息，反而使读者困惑，误导读者。形容词uninteresting(没兴趣的)、concrete(具体的)、final(最终的、决定性的)都与题意不符。
专题预测 专题四 │ 专题预测
(一) Most people give little thought to the pens they write with. All too often, people buy a pen based on __1__ and wonder why they are not satisfied once they begin to use it.However，buying a pen that you’ll enjoy is not __2__ if you keep the following in mind. First of all，a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be __3__ to use.The thickness of the pen is the most important 专题四 │ 专题预测
characteristic(特点).
If you have __4__ hand and thicker fingers，you may __5__ a fatter pen.The length of a pen can also influence comfort.A pen that is too __6__ can easily feel topheavy and unstable. Then，the writing point of the pen should __7__ the ink to flow evenly(均匀地) while the pen remains in touch with the paper. This will make it possible for you to creat a __8__ line of writing.The point should also be sensitive 专题四 │ 专题预测
enough to __9__ ink
from running when the pen is lifted.A point that does not block the
__10__ may leave drops of inks, __11__ you pick up and put it down again. __12__， the pen should make a thick, dark line.Fineline pens may __13__ bad handwriting, but fine, delicate lines do not command __14__ next to printed text, as，__15__， a signature on a printed letter. A broader line, on the other hand, gives an impression of confidence and authority(权威)．
专题四 │ 专题预测
()1.A. looks B．reason C．value
D．advantages ()2.A. convenient
B．practical
C．strange
D．difficult ()3.A. heavy
B．easy
C．hard
D．safe
()4.A. stronger
B．weaker
C．smaller
D．larger ()5.A. prefer
B．recommend
C．prepare
D．demand 专题四 │ 专题预测
()6.A. thick
B．light
C．long
D．soft ()7.A. change
B．allow
C．reduce
D．press ()8.A. thin
B．rough
C．black
D．smooth ()9.A. prevent
B. free
C．protect
D．remove ()10.A. way
B．sight
C．flow
D．steam
专题四 │ 专题预测
()11.A. so
B．as
C．and
D．yet ()12.A. Meanwhile
B．Generally
C．Afterwards
D．Finally ()13.A. show up
B．differ from
C．break down
D．make up for ()14.A. attention
B．support
C．respect
D．admission ()15.A. at most
B．for example
C．in brief
D．on purpose 专题四 │ 专题预测
参考答案： (一) 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。作者向我们介绍了什么形状的钢笔让我们使用起来感到舒服，笔尖的好坏对我们书写的影响以及线条的粗细和深浅所产生的影响。 1．A 人们买钢笔时经常仅仅根据外表。looks外表、外貌。 2．D 然而如果你遵循下面的方法的话，买一只你喜欢的钢笔并不难。由转折词However可知此处使用difficult符合句意。 专题三 │ 典例导练
9．A 名词辨析。study，意思是“研究”。下文介绍的是研究的结果，所以这里的意思是：一项大学对于65个有孩子的家庭的研究发现，能复述父辈故事的孩子们易怒和焦虑的概率相对较低。design 设计；committee 委员会；staff全体员工。 10．B 动词辨析。retell复述。句意见上一题。provide 提供； support支持；refuse拒绝。 专题三 │ 典例导练
11．D 名词辨析。由句子意思可知所填词意思是：技巧，计谋(trick)。 12．C 动词辨析。句子意思是：讲这种故事的技巧是用一种孩子们能听的方式来讲。故选C。 13．C 语境化选词。由后文的直接引语可知这是故事的开头，故此处选C。 专题三 │ 典例导练
14．A 考查固定搭配。由本句的谓语动词suit可以推断出此处选A，suit one’s needs意思是：满足某人的需要。句意为：我们讲这些故事应该满足孩子们的需要，并且注意目光接触，也没有必要告诉他们应该从故事中学到什么，(这样才会有效果)。 15．B 名词性从句引导词的判断。空后的“they should take from the story and what the moral is”是一个陈述性质的宾语从句，既引导宾语从句，又作谓语动词take的宾语，所以要用what。句意见上一题。
专题预测 专题三 │ 专题预测
When Charles Darwin was getting ready to set sail on his fiveyear expedition on the Beagle, his father was extremely __1__. He thought his son was falling into a life of sin and idleness. George Washington’s mother was a complaining，__2__ woman by all accounts. She thought little of Washington’s achievements and didn’t __3__ at either of his presidential inaugurations(就职典礼). She was always 专题三 │ 专题预测
complaining that her __4__ overlooked her and she __5__ believed it was his duty to stay home and to take care of her. Leonard Bernstein, one of the most talented composers, was continually pressured by his father to give up his __6__ and do something worthwhile. After Leonard became famous, his father said, “Well, he was just the Leonard Bernstein ！”
专题三 │ 专题预测
People may criticize you or make fun of your ideas or actively try to __7__you. Often their efforts are only attempts to protect you from __8__. But obviously failure is only a possibility if you stop. If you keep __9__ , a “failure” is just another learning __10__. Besides, giving up on a heartfelt goal is worse than failing. 专题三 │ 专题预测
So listen
__11__ to the worries and criticisms of your friends and family, and do your best to put their __12__ at ease, but then carry on. Listen last to your own heart. You __13__ yourself better than anyone on earth. Make sure your song is__14__. Listen to your own heart. Don’t let your music __15__ with you. 专题三 │ 专题预测
()1.A. excited
B．pleased C．disappointed
D．scared ()2.A. selfcentered B．selfconfident C．kindhearted
D．coldblooded ()3.A. show off
B．show up C．help out
D．pick up ()4.A. parents
B．neighbors C．students
D．children ()5.A. foolishly B．secretly C．bravely
D．honestly 专题三 │ 专题预测
()6.A. strength B．music C．wealth
D．faith ()7.A. advise
B．suggest C．stop
D．keep ()8.A. success B．failure C．target
D．laziness ()9.A. stopping
B．starting C．going
D．coming ()10.A. method
B．experiment C．schedule
D．experience 专题三 │ 专题预测 ()11.A. politely
B．rudely
C．shallowly
D．roughly ()12.A. homes B．minds C．conservation
D．efforts ()13.A. trust
B．believe
C．know
D．doubt ()14.A. finished
B．completed
C．written
D．sung ()15.A. live
B．die
C．sound
D．play 专题三 │ 专题预测 参考答案： 【文章大意】 文章通过华盛顿、达尔文等名人小时都曾被家人不遗余力试图阻止从事自己喜欢的事业，但他们依然坚持下来，最终达到了自己事业的顶峰的故事，告诉我们：我们也不能一味听从他人，而忽视自己内心的想法。因为你比世界上任何人都了解自己。 1．C 考查形容词辨析。由下文的“he thought his son was falling into a life of sin and idleness.”可知父亲对他非常失望。所以选disappointed，意为：失望的。 专题三 │ 专题预测 2．A 考查形容词辨析。该词应该和上面的“complaining(抱怨的，诉苦的)”同属于贬义词，因此应该排除B和C。从后面thought little of Washington’s achievements，以及该段的最后一句话可以看出，华盛顿的妈妈一直在左右别人，也就是说她是一个自我为中心的(selfcentered)人。 3．B 考查动词辨析。show up现身，出现。句意为：她瞧不起华盛顿的成就，也没有出席他儿子的两次总统就职大典。show off炫耀； help out帮助摆脱困境；pick up捡起，偶然获得，(用车)接某人。 专题三 │ 专题预测 4．D 考查名词辨析。由语境可知，这里讲的是她和孩子们的关系，所以应该选children，下文的son也有提示。 5．D 考查副词辨析。她是根据老人传统的观点产生的想法，所以应该选honestly，意为：诚实地，如实地。句意：她坦诚地认为，待在家里照顾她才是他的职责所在。foolishly愚笨地，无聊地； secretly 秘密地；bravely勇敢地。 6．B 考查名词辨析。由前文的composers(作曲家)可以看出， 他所热爱的是音乐(music)。
专题三 │ 专题预测 7．C 考查动词辨析。该部分是对前面所举例子的议论。前面所举的几个例子都是父/母试图阻止孩子们做自己喜欢的事情，因此该空选stop，意为：阻止。 8．B 语境化选词。失败failure。后两都有原词复现。 专题三 │ 专题预测 9．C 考查动词辨析。很显然，这里表达的意思是：不受外界阻力的干扰，自己做自己喜欢做的事情，也就是自己的梦想，所以选go，意为：进行。此段意为：人们可能会批评你，嘲笑你的想法或者不遗余力试图阻止你。通常他们这样做只是想让你免受失败之苦。但只有当你停下来时你才可能失败，如果你继续前行，“失败”则只是又一次学习经历。而且，放弃自己内心深处的渴望要比失败更糟糕。 10．D 考查名词辨析。experience 经历。句意见上一题。method 方法；experiment实验；schedule时间表，计划表。 专题三 │ 专题预测 11．A 考查副词辨析。politely 有礼貌地，客气地。上文告诉我们，家人和朋友阻止我们是担心我们失败，因此，我们既要为了自己的梦想而拼搏，又得让他们放心，所以应该有礼貌地倾听他们的担心和批评。 12．B 考查名词辨析。put one’s minds at ease 意为：使某人不担心，使某人放松。句意：所以要礼貌地倾听来自家人和朋友的顾虑及批评，竭尽全力让他们不为你担心，但自己一定要继续前行。 专题三 │ 专题预测 13．C 考查动词辨析。know知道，了解。句意：最终还是要听从自己内心的想法，因为你比世界上任何人都了解自己。 14．D 考查动词辨析。句意：要确保唱完你心中的歌。所以选D项。 15．B 考查动词辨析。句意：倾听自己内心的想法，不要让心灵深处的音乐做了陪葬。 专题四│ 说明文型完形填空 专题四 说明文型完
形填空
专题导读 专题四│ 专题导读
说明文往往围绕一个问题从不同的侧面来加以说明，通常结构严谨，句子结构复杂，因此也是高考完形填空中较难理解的一种文体。说明文一般有三类：一是实体事物说明文。包括说明书、广告、解说词、人物介绍、知识小品、知识注解等(实体事物是指国家、城市、人物、山水、树木、花草、虫鱼、鸟兽、建筑、文化古迹、科技成果及各种工农业产品)；二是事理说明文。包括理论性解释、文书简介、教材等(事理是指观点、立场、名词概念、学术流派等)；三是文艺性说明文。即把说明 专题四 │ 专题导读
对象拟人化，进而编成故事，对其进行介绍。说明文的具体特点为：(1)开头点题。做说明文完形填空时，要明确说明的对象是什么，是具体实物还是理论性概念。因此，明确说明的对象是掌握说明细节的前提。在近年的说明文型完形填空中，作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象。(2)结构清晰。把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明文的写作一般按时间顺序(指先后顺序)，空间顺序(从局部到整体，从上到下、从内到外)，逻辑顺序(前因后果，先果后因，先主后次)； 专题四 │ 专题导读
认识顺序(由此及彼，由浅入深，由具体到抽象，由 现象到本质)。说明文型完形填空短文层次清晰，整体性强，所以，递进性词汇和名词的设题往往出现得较多。说明文往往较直白，写作脉络清晰，又没有很多感情因素的掺入，所以就不会有过多的情感词汇，自然不会有钻不出的“迷宫”。据此特点，我们便可以跟着“作者”走，理清整篇文章的思路，从而顺利答题。
典例导练 专题四 │ 典例导练
[2010·上海]
Directions:
For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B, C and D.
Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece.If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals(彩排), or tryouts, revising 专题四│ 典例导练
will seem a natural part of the writing__1__. What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the outoftown previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering，—__2__revising. Andrew Lloyd Webber’s musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984, he had in mind a funny, exciting production. However, when Phantom opened in London in 1986, the audience saw a moving psychological love story set to music.
专题四 │ 典例导练
The musical had__3__several revisions due, in part, to problems with costume and makeup (戏服和化妆). For instance,
Lloyd Webber__4__some of the music because the Phantom’s makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds. When you revise, you change aspects of your work in__5__to your evolving purpose, or
to include__6__ ideas or newly discovered information. 专题四 │ 典例导练
Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment.__7__， it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way. Even your decision to__8__topics while prewriting is a type of revising. However，don’t make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows__9__. Always make time to become your own__10__and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak. Reviewing your work in this way can give you __11__ new ideas. 专题四 │ 典例导练
Revising involves__12__the effectiveness and appropriateness of
all aspects of your writing, making your purpose more clearly, and refocusing or developing the facts and ideas you present. When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose__13__throughout my draft? Do I ever lose sight of my purpose? Have I given my 专题四 │ 典例导练
readers all of the__14__—that is, facts, opinions，inferences—that they need in order to understand my main idea? Finally, have I included too many__15__details that may confuse readers? ()1.A. technique B. style
C. process
D. career ()2.A. in particular
B. as a result
C. for example
D. in other words
专题四 │ 典例导练
()3.A. undergone
B. skipped C. rejected
D. replaced ()4.A. rewrote
B. released C. recorded
D. reserved ()5.A. addition
B. response C. opposition
D. contrast ()6.A. fixed
B. ambitious
C. familiar
D. fresh ()7.A. However B. Moreover
C. Instead
D. Therefore 专题四 │ 典例导练
()8.A. discuss
B. switch
C. exhaust
D. cover ()9.A. drafting
B. rearranging
C. performing
D. training ()10.A. director
B. master
C. audience
D. visitor ()11.A. personal
B. valuable
C.
basic
D. delicate 专题四 │ 典例导练
()12.A. mixing
B. weakening
C．maintaining
D．assessing ()13.A. amazing
B. bright
C．unique
D．clear ()14.A. angles
B．evidence
C．information
D．hints ()15.A. unnecessary
B．uninteresting
C．concrete
D．final 专题四 │ 典例导练
参考答案： 1. C 本题考查名词辨析。参照下文的Andrew Lloyd Webber’s musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.和However，don’t make the mistake of skipping the revision stage…可知答案。名词technique(技术)、style(风格)、career(事业、生涯)都不符合题意。 专题四 │ 典例导练
2. D 本题考查介词短语辨析。前面adding, deleting, replacing, reordering是revising的几个方面，所以revising和这些名词同义。介词短语in other words表示“换句话说”。介词短语in particular(尤其、特别，表强调)，as a result(因此，表结果)；for example(例如，表举例说明)都不符合题意。 专题二 │ 专题预测
“Thanks for being so sweet, kind and thoughtful yesterday. It is so nice to __12__ someone who’s genuinely (真诚地) nice. Please don’t change our ways! Have a great day！—Hank”
__13__ that, whenever I felt depressed or sick of coffee, I __14__ Hank and his kindness. Then I would smile, hold my head up high, __15__ my throat and ask politely, “How can I help you？” 专题二 │ 专题预测 ()1.A. pictured
B．taught
C．saw
D．felt ()2.A. provided
B．complained
C．suggested
D．showed ()3.A. the women
B．it
C．they
D．the men ()4.A. favorite
B．familiar
C．regular
D．strange ()5.A. got
B．became
C．grew
D．felt 专题二 │ 专题预测 ()6.A. surprised
B．happy
C．satisfied
D．sad ()7.A. helped
B．thanked
C．asked
D．found ()8.A. tired
B．worried
C．wet
D．disappointed ()9.A. amazed
B．glad
C．anxious
D．depressed ()10.A. paper
B．book
C．note
D．pen 专题二 │ 专题预测 ()11.A. help with
B．take care
C．look out
D．care about ()12.A. need
B．meet
C．learn from
D．describe ()13.A. Before
B．After
C．Beside
D．Behind ()14.A. thought of
B．reminded of
C．approved of
D．informed of ()15.A. make
B．cure
C．clear
D．touch 专题二 │ 专题预测
参考答案： (一) 【文章大意】 一个不经意的善举，一颗知恩感恩的心，就会让温馨和真情如火花般蔓延，温暖世界的每个角落。 1．A 考查动词辨析。后面是作者对自己将要做的工作的美好想象。所以选picture，在这里是动词，意思为“想象，描绘”。 2．B 语境化选词。从下文的“or the men who wanted their iced coffees remade again and again.”可推知女顾客们也不是很满意，应该是在抱怨。 专题二 │ 专题预测
3．C 语境化选词。they这里指的是上文的“their iced coffees”。
4．C 语境化选词。从第一段最后的becoming friends with regular customers 可看出答案。 5．D 考查动词辨析。此处指作者很了解这个顾客的感受。 6．A 语境化选词。 7．B 语境化选词。从上文的I had given him his favorite type of doughnut. “It’s on me，” I told him. “Have a nice day.” He smiled…看，顾客是感谢作者的，故用thank。
专题二 │ 专题预测
8．C 语境化选词。既然是下雨天，作者在忙：“I spent my afternoon hanging out the window handing people their orders”，所以全身湿透，故选C项。
9．D 考查形容词辨析。由于没有得到小费，作者的心情是沮丧的。depressed“沮丧的”； amazed“吃惊的”； anxious“着急的”。
10．C 语境化选词。 11．D 考查动词短语辨析。help with“帮助”；take care“当心”；look out“当心”； care about“关心”。从上下文看，应该是“关心”，故选D项。 专题二 │ 专题预测 12．B 考查动词辨析。meet“遇见”符合题意。句意为：遇见一个和蔼真诚的人实在太好了。 13．B 语境化选词。本句的意思是：从这以后，每当我心情不好的时候，我就想起了“Hank and his kindness”。
14．A 考查动词短语辨析。think of“想起”； remind of“提醒”；approve of“赞成”；inform of“通知”。
15．C 考查固定搭配。clear my throat清清嗓子。句意：于是，我会微笑着，昂起头，清一清嗓子，礼貌地问：“您想要点什么？” 专题二 │ 专题预测
(二)
One Sunday afternoon, I was __1__ with friends about animals. I said the whale was like a mammal animal. They disagreed. Finally, I called a __2__over to help settle the matter. I knew I was right, so I was looking forward to the teacher__3__I was right. My friends were eager for an opposite answer. “No, the whale is a fish，” she said without a moment’s__4__. You could have knocked me over with a feather. My__5__was hurt because I lost the argument, but that wasn’t the main reason
专题二 │ 专题预测 I was too__6__ to speak. I still knew I was right, which meant the teacher was wrong. Not only was she wrong，__7__she was completely ignorant about something I thought was __8__knowledge. But she was a teacher who had taught a long time. Everyone __9__her and no one else thought she could be wrong.
__10__ that, I hadn’t known grownups could be wrong. This __11__ shaped the way I viewed people as I grew up.__12__ I found anyone treated another person with too much respect and admiration,
专题二 │ 专题预测 I thought—and still think—“ __13__silly.” From that point on, I had no__14__for authority. To earn my respect, you have to be smart or__15__. I’ll never respect you just because you happen to be in charge or have a degree. ()1.A. meeting
B．working
C．arguing
D．staying ()2.A. professor
B．biologist
C．librarian
D．teacher ()3.A. proving
B．finding
C．promising
D．hoping 专题二 │ 专题预测 ()4.A. doubt
B．silence
C．regret
D．hesitation ()5.A. heart
B．mind
C．pride
D．feeling ()6.A. foolish
B．anxious
C．serious
D．astonished ()7.A. and
B．but
C．for
D．or ()8.A. special
B．normal
C．regular
D．common ()10.A. Before
B．After
C．Until
D．Since 专题二 │ 专题预测 ()11.A. fairly
B．properly
C．nearly
D．greatly ()12.A. Whenever
B．Although
C．While
D．Whether ()13.A. I’m
B．that’s
C．he’s
D．you’re ()14.A. idea
B．respect
C．choice
D．question ()15.A. energetic
B．patient
C．talented
D．diligent 专题二 │ 专题预测 (二) 【文章大意】 作者在与朋友的一次争辩中，由于老师的无知作者的自豪感荡然无存。从此以后，作者不再盲目相信权威，而是佩服真正拥有聪明才智的人。 1．C 根据后两句的内容可知作者当时在和朋友“争论”。此外，第三段第二句中的argument也是线索提示。 2．D 根据下一句后半句中的内容可知，作者请“老师”来解决这个问题。 3．A 作者对自己的观点非常自信，所以希望老师能够“证明” (prove)自己是正确的。 专题二 │ 专题预测 4．D 下文叙述的是老师的无知，由此可以推断她毫不“犹豫”地回答说鲸鱼不是哺乳动物，而是鱼。without hesiation毫不犹豫。 5．C 由前文可知作者很确定鲸鱼是哺乳动物，在与朋友的争辩中显然为自己知道事实真相而感到“自豪”，但是老师的无知让作者的自豪感受到了伤害。 6．D 作者明明知道自己的观点正确，而老师竟然毫不犹豫地否定，作者自然感到非常“吃惊”，一时无话可说。 7．B 此句是“not only…but also…”结构，表示“不但……而且……”，but后面省略了also。 专题二 │ 专题预测 8．D common knowledge表示“常识”，此处common表示“普通的，平常的”。她不但错了，而且她对作者认为是常识的东西完全不知晓。前三项分别表示“特殊的”、“正常的”、“规律的”，都不符合所给语境。 9．C 上一句中提到她的教龄很长，再结合本句后半句的内容可知每个人都“相信”她的话。A项表示“取悦”，B项表示“钦佩，羡慕”，D项表示“喜爱”，均不符合语意。 10．A 在此“之前”，作者一直不知道成年人也犯错。而C项构成“not…until…”结构，主语的谓语动词一般是短暂性动词，所以用在此处不合适。B、D两项均不符合语意。故选A项。 专题二 │ 专题预测 11．D 上述事件在作者的成长过程中“极大地”影响了他对别人的看法。A项表示“相当地”时，通常用来修饰形容词或副词，B项表示“适当地”，C项表示“几乎”，均不符合语意。 12．A 此处所要表达的意思是“每当”作者发现有人对另外一个人过于尊敬或崇拜的时候……所以用whenever“无论何时”。虽然C项也可以表示“当……时候”，但是谓语动词应该是延续性动词，所以不可选。B、D两项都不符合语意。
专题二 │ 专题预测 13．B 此处that承接上文，指代本句前半句的内容，即有人过于尊敬或崇拜另一个人的做法。 14．B 上一句中提到作者厌恶人们过于尊敬或崇拜他人，由此可知作者不再“尊重”所谓的权威。此外，下一句中to earn my respect也是线索提示。 15．C “鲸鱼”事件后，作者改变了以往的做法，开始看重聪明“才智”，而不是地位或者学位的高低。talented“有才能的”；energetic“精力充沛的”；patient“有耐心的”；diligent“刻苦的”。 专题三│ 议论文型完形填空 专题三 议论文型完
形填空
专题导读 专题三 │ 专题导读
议论文是高考完形填空中较难的一种文体，一般由三个要素组成：论点、论据、结论。要做好议论文类的完形填空最重要的是抓住作者的论点。不同的议论文论点的提出方式往往不同，大体有以下三种情况：(1)开门见山地提出论点。有些议论文在文章的一开始就提出论点。然后再通过具体的论据去说明论点，论据有时候既有正面的论据，也有反面的论据，最后总结全文。(2)导入式提出论点。有些议论文会先通过叙述生活中的一件具体的事情或描述生活中的现象，
专题三 │ 专题导读
然后根据事情或现象所反映的问题提出自己的论点，再用具体的论据去说明自己的论点。(3)最后提出论点。有些议论文一开始作者仅仅是列举生活中的现象，而不表明自己的观点，而是通过对具体现象的分析，自然得出一种结论，这种结论往往就是作者的论点。对于纯议论形式的完形填空，要在掌握全文主旨的情况下，抓好每段的首句。抓住了每段的主旨句也就是把握了文章的脉络，理解文意就容易了。
典例导练 专题三 │ 典例导练
[2009·福建高考题改编]
Children find meanings in their old family tales. Stephen Guyer told his three children stories about how his grandfather, a banker，__1__ all in the 1930s, but did not lose sight of what he valued most. In one of the darkest times when he was nearly__2__， he loaded his family into the car and __3__ them to see family members in Canada with a __4__，“there are more important things in life than money.”
专题三 │ 典例导练
The tale took on a new meaning recently when Mr. Guyer downsized to a __5__ house from a more expensive and comfortable one. He was worried that his children would be upset. To his surprise, their reaction echoed(共鸣) their greatgrandfather’s. What they __6__ was how warm the people were in the house. 专题三 │ 典例导练 Many parents are finding family stories have surprising power to help children __7__ hard times. Storytelling experts say the phenomenon reflects a growing __8__ in telling tales.
A university __9__ of 65 families with children found kids’ ability to __10__ parents’ stories was linked to a lower rate of anger and anxiety.
专题三 │ 典例导练
The __11__ is telling the stories in a way children can __12__. We’re not talking here about the kind of story that __13__， “When I was a kid…” Instead, we should choose a story suited to the child’s __14__， and make eye contact to create “a personal experience.” We don’t have to tell children__15__ they should take from the story and what the moral is.
专题三 │ 典例导练
()1.A. missed B．lost C．forgot
D．ignored ()2.A. friendless B．worthless C．penniless
D．homeless
()3.A. fetched
B．allowed C．expected D．took ()4.A. hope
B．promise C．suggestion
D．belief ()5.A. large
B．small C．new
D．grand 专题三 │ 典例导练
()6.A. talked about
B．cared about C．wrote about D．heard about
()7.A. beyond
B．over C．behind D．through ()8.A. argument B．skill C．interest
D．anxiety ()9.A. study
B．design C．committee D．staff ()10.A. provide B．retell C．support
D．refuse 专题三 │ 典例导练
()11.A. trouble B．gift C．fact
D．trick ()12.A. perform
B．write
C．hear
D．question ()13.A. means
B．ends
C．begins
D．proves ()14.A. needs
B．activities
C．judgments
D．habits ()15.A. that
B．what
C．which
D．whom 专题三 │ 典例导练
参考答案：
【文章大意】 文章通过Stephen Guyer给他的三个孩子讲述他们祖父艰苦创业的故事而未引起孩子们的共鸣的例子说明了一个观点：给孩子们讲故事时，要注意满足孩子们的需要，还要注意眼神的交流，采用孩子们易于接受的形式，而不要说教。 1．B 动词辨析。根据后一分句中的动词lose可知此处选B。 2．C 形容词辨析。penniless“身无分文的”。根据前文的the darkest times，以及下文对当时情况的描述“there are more important things in life than 专题三 │ 典例导练
money.”可知此处选C。如果不注意分析下文的语境，就会误以为我们一家已经无家可归而不得不乘车去找家里的其他人而误选homeless(无家可归的)。frien