五、that和what引导名词性从句 引导词 句法功能 词义 省略情况 that what 不作任何句子成分 无词义 引导宾语从句有时可以省略 可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语 什么，……的事情 不能省略 1．(2016·高考浙江卷)“Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.” This is ________ my mother used to tell me. A．what
B．how C．that
D．whether A
2．(2016·高考山东卷)It’s good to know _____ the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away. A．what
B．whose C．which
D．that
D
栏目导引 语法精讲 考点整合 语法专练 知能闯关 第二部分 第九讲 栏目导引 语法精讲 考点整合 语法专练 知能闯关 第二部分 第九讲 栏目导引 语法精讲 考点整合 语法专练 知能闯关 第二部分 第九讲 栏目导引 语法精讲 考点整合 语法专练 知能闯关 第二部分 第九讲 栏目导引 语法精讲 考点整合 语法专练 知能闯关 第二部分 第九讲 第九讲 名词性从句 一、主语从句 引 导 词 (1)that引导的从句作主语时，不在从句中充当任何成分，只起连接作用，无任何意义，通常不能省去，且常用it作形式主语。 ①That the college will take in more new students is true.＝It is true that the college will take in more new students. ②It suddenly occurred to him that he had made a serious mistake. 连 接 词 引 导 词 (2)whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首，也可放在句尾，译成“是否”，在从句中不作成分。 ①It doesn’t matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store. ②Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesn’t matter whether you have lived there for a short or a long time. 连 接 词 引 导 词 who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever等，有词义，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 ①(2016·高考湖北卷)What was so impressive about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.
②When the new cinema will be open to the public hasn’t been made clear. 连接代词 引 导 词 when，where，why，how等，有词义，在从句中作状语。 ①Why he came late today has been clear now.
②Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 连 接 副 词 it 作 形 式 主 语 的 句 型 归 纳 (1)It＋系动词＋形容词＋that从句 (2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句 (3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句 (4)It＋不及物动词(seem，appear，happen，matter)＋that从句 (5)It is necessary/important/ suggested/advised/ordered＋that从句结构中，从句用“(should＋)动词原形”。 ①It is certain that your son will do well in his exam.
②It’s no wonder that you’ve achieved so much success. ③It was suggested that they (should) start at once. ④It happened to me that I had been away when he called. ⑤It is necessary that one(should)master the skill of operating computers so as to meet the need of a job. B 2．(2016·高考天津卷)I think ________impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. A．what
B．that
C．which
D．who
A
二、宾语从句 引 导 词 连 接 词 (1)that无词义，在从句中不作成分。并且that可以省略。 (2)whether，if意为“是否”，在从句中不作成分。if和whether可互换，后面直接跟or not时用whether不用if；作介词宾语时一般用whether。 ①(2016·高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ)He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. ②I went in and asked if/whether there was a John living there. ③We don’t know whether or not she was ready. 引 导 词 连接代词 who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever等，有词义，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 ①(2016·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Police have found what appears to be the lost ancient statue. ②She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 连接副词 when，where，why，how等，有词义，在从句中作状语。 I don’t know where we are going to have the meeting. 要 点 归 (1)否定前移：主句的主语是第一人称单数，谓语为think，believe，suppose，expect等时，其后引导的宾语从句中若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。 ①I don’t think I know you.
②I don’t suppose he cares,does he? (2)动词find,feel，think，consider，make等后有宾语补足语(形容词或名词)时，需用it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。 I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 纳 (3)在find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose等及hate，like，owe...to，take...for granted等表示“喜欢；痛恨；认为”的动词或动词短语和see to(表示“注意，务必”)后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。 I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food. 1．(2016·高考福建卷)Pick yourself up. Courage is doing ________you’re afraid to do. A．that
B．what C．how
D．whether 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：振作起来。勇敢就是做你(明知自己)害怕做的事情。分析句子结构可知，动词doing后接的是宾语从句，从句中do后缺的是宾语，需用what引导。 B 2．(2016·高考山东卷)It is difficult for us to imagine________ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
A．where
B．what C．which
D．why
B 三、表语从句 引 导 词 连 接 词 (1)that无词义,在从句中不作成分。 (2)whether(是否)引导表语从句时,只能用whether，而不能用if。 (3)as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel，smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况,从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实的或是极可能发生的情况,从句用陈述语气。 ①(2016·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ)The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things... ②It looks as if it’s going to rain. 引 导 词 连接代词 连接副词 who，whom，whose，which,what,whoever，whomever,whichever，whatever等,有词义，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 (2015·四川巴蜀名校联合测试)Everyone is different and that is what makes our world much better. when，where，why，how等，有词义，在从句中作状语。 (2015·大连双基测试)—When choosing furniture，you only focus on function while I think more about the design.
—That’s where we differ. 要 点 归 纳 主句的主语是idea，advice，suggestion，order，request，requirement等名词时，表语从句的谓语用“(should＋)动词原形”。 His suggestion is that we (should)change our plan. 温馨提示 表语从句的三个易混句式 This/That/It is why＋结果 This/That/It is because＋原因 The reason why...is that... 意为“这/那就是……的原因”，why引导的是表语从句。 That is why our teacher recommends another interesting course for us. 意为“这/那是因为……”，because引导表语从句。 (2016·高考安徽卷)From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water. 意为“……的原因是……”, why引导的定语从句修饰先行词reason,that引导表语从句。 The reason why he didn’t come was that it was raining heavily. 1．(2016·高考四川卷)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“That’s________ I was born.” A．when
B．how C．why
D．where D
2．(2016·高考江苏卷)—What a mess! You are always so lazy! —I’m not to blame，mum. I am ________ you have made me. A．how
B．what C．that
D．who B
四、同位语从句 引导词 要 点 归 纳 大多由that引导，也可以由which，what，whether，how，when，where等引导。 ①I had no idea who had stolen the money. ②He must answer the question whether he agrees to the plan or not. (1)同位语从句在句中起同位语的作用，一般放在fact，news,idea，truth，hope，problem，information，belief,thought，doubt,promise,question等名词的后面,对名词作进一步的解释。 Evidence has been found through years of study that children’s early sleeping problems are
likely to continue when they grow up. 要 点 归 纳 (2)suggestion，advice，request，order等表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后的同位语从句用虚拟语气，即从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。 His suggestion that we (should)hold another meeting to discuss the problem was adopted. (3)分隔式同位语从句。有时同位语从句的谓语较短，而从句内容较长，这时为避免“头重脚轻”,常常将谓语提到从句前面,形成分隔式同位语从句。 My wish will come true one day that I should buy a big house for my parents. B
解析：考查同位语从句引导词的选择。句意：——昨天迈克拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取，这是真的吗？——是的，但是我不知道他为什么这样做；那是他最喜欢的大学之一。idea后接同位语从句，表示某个想法的具体内容。根据that’s one of his favorite universities(那是他最喜欢的大学之一)可知，“我”不知道他拒绝耶鲁大学的原因(why)所在，故B项正确。 B