四川省成都市2016届高考英语阅读理解二轮提升训练（37）（含解析）

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　In the United States, there were some well-constructed houses for native Indians, ranging from the simple brush shelter to the five-storied pueblo.

　　In the eastern United States, one of the existing types was that commonly know under the Algonkian name of wigwam in which the Iroquois Indians lived. The wigwams were of wagon-top shape with straight sides and ends, made by bending young trees to form the round shape. Over this shape pieces of tree bark were laid to protect the Indians from bad weather. Over the bark dried grass was added. A small hole allowed smoke to escape from the top. Doorways at each end served also as windows, The Iroquois Indians built trunk walls all around their villages. The wall had only one opening, They could quickly close this opening if their enemies came near.

　　Interestingly, the Choctaw Indians in Mississippi also lived in a wigwam of a most primitive(原始的) construction, but different from those of the Iroquois Indians. The Choctaw Indians’ wigwams, made from mud, cane and straw, were in the form of a bee-hive. The covering was made of a long, tough grass. A post in the centre supported the roof. A hole in the top admitted the light, and allowed the smoke to pass out.

　　The tipi tent-housing of the upper lake and plains area was put up with poles set lightly in the ground, tied together near the top, and covered with bark and grass in the lake country. It was easily portable, and two women could set it up or take it down within an hour.

　　The Pawnee, Mandan and other Indian tribes (部落) along the Missouri built solid ring-shaped structures of trunk, covered with earth and dried grass, housing a dozen families.

　　The Wichita and other tribes of the Texas border built large ring-shaped houses covered with dried grass.

　　Apart from the regular housing, almost every tribe had some style of housing.

　　(

　　) 1.Which of the following pictures shows the house for the Iroquois Indians？

　　(

　　) 2. According to the passage, the Pawnee Indians built their houses _____.

　　A. with openings in the trunk walls

　　B. large enough for several families

　　C. in a ring shape with bark and mud

　　D. by bending young trees to form the shape

　　(

　　) 3. All the native Indian houses described in the passage were_____.

　　A. of the same shape

　　B. covered with grass

　　C. built with a post in the centre

　　D. built with doorways at each end

　　(

　　) 4. The passage suggests that ________

　　A. all the native Indians built trunk walls all around their houses

　　B. all the native Indian houses were built with poles tied together

　　C. the Iroquois Indians took safety into account while building their wigwams

　　D. the Choctaw Indians in Mississippi built their wigwams with straight sides and ends

　　【语篇解读】本篇文章为记叙文。主要讲述了美国的土著居民印第安人的房屋结构和建房特点，展示了美国当地人的居住文化。

　　1.答案A。

　　【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The wigwams were of wagon-top shape with straight sides and ends……”可知，选项A符合题意。

　　2.答案B。

　　【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“The Pawnee, Mandan and other Indian tribes…… housing a dozen families”可知，应选B项。

　　3.答案B。

　　【解析】细节理解题。文章中出现的grass是Indian tribes建造房屋所必不可少的东西。由此可知，印第安人的屋子都用草盖着。由此可知B项正确

　　4.答案C。

　　【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“They could quickly close this opening if their enemies came near”可以推断出the Iroquois Indians建造房屋的时候把自身的安全考虑在内了。因此可推断出C项

　　【阅读理解】介绍说明类-

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Book reviews can be a great foot in the door if you’re looking to get your writing published somewhere. Most magazines, whether online or print, will include book reviews about books that tackle the topics the magazine discusses. Also, most editors and staff writers are usually too busy to read books and review them themselves (unless they are specifically assigned to a book review column). Therefore, writing book reviews can be a great way to get started with a writing career.

　　Many people that are reading your review may not know anything about the book you’re reviewing. Instead of making them go find information on their own by searching for the book title, start out with a little description of the book. Make sure you avoid too long of a summary, though, because if too much of your article is a summary of the book, it won’t be interesting. Start with a short paragraph or so that hits all the major points but doesn't give too much away. You don’t want to tell your reader everything about the book, because then they won’t have to read it at all. Just give enough information so your reader is interested in reading the book.

　　Some magazines like to publish book reviews that are completely objective（客观的）. This means that they want a review of the book that doesn't share your opinion and that in which your opinion isn't obvious from reading what you wrote. If you hated a book, it might not be a great book to review. You probably want to review books that you enjoyed. This will give your review a positive spin. Avoid gushing about how much you loved the book, however. You should not include your personal reaction to the book until the very end, where you include a sentence or two about whether or not you would recommend a book and to whom you would recommend it.

　　A great way to get your review noticed is to look at a book through a specific lens. Read the book as a feminist（女权主义者） would, for example, and talk about what a feminist might say to applaud or criticize the book. You can choose any number of lenses, and feminism is just one option. An economic lens, a family lens, the lens of a different nationality, or the lens of a child could all be interesting ways to look at a book. If you look at a book in this way, instead of just reading it and forming your own opinion, it will be much more interesting and marketable. This is especially the case if you look at a lens that relates to the subject of the magazine to which you are submitting. Feminist magazines love book reviews about books read through a feminist lens, for example, because it pertains to their readership.

　　Another great way to write a book review is to talk about the writer’s style. Anyone can pick up a book and read for the plot, but it takes an experienced writer to note interesting things about another writer’s style and write about them intelligently.

　　1. What’s the first paragraph mainly about?

　　A. Standards of good book reviews.

　　B. Benefits of writing book reviews.

　　C. Ways to get your writing published.

　　D. Topics usually discussed in magazines.

　　2. Which of the following is a characteristic of a good book review?

　　A. Including much information on a major point of the book.

　　B. Stating clearly the writer’s opinion of the book.

　　C. Giving a brief summary of the book.

　　D. Avoiding describing the book.

　　3. The fourth paragraph is developed mainly by.

　　A. giving examplesB. telling personal experiences

　　C. making comparisonsD. analyzing causes

　　4. According to the text, only a skilled writer can　.

　　A. look at a book through a specific angle

　　B. give an objective description of a book

　　C. find a book and understand its plot easily

　　D. pay close attention to another writer’s style

　　【参考答案】1—4、BCAD

　　2016高考英语阅读理解集训阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　A loyal cat has been bringing his owner small gifts every day in a show of affection. After all, the cat’s owner has been dead for over a year.

　　Toldo—a cute, 3-year-old black and white cat lives in Montagnana, northern Italy. Toldo has been visiting his owner—Iozzelli Renzo, who died on September 22, 2016, aged 71—every day for the past year and leaving small presents at the grave.

　　The gifts usually consist of leaves, sticks, plastic cups or paper towels.

　　“Even today I went to the cemetery with Toldo. On the way back, someone I know told me the cat has already been there early this morning,” Renzo’s wife, Ada, told the Corriere Fiorentino.

　　Neighbors have also seen Toldo wandering around the cemetery through the day. It started the day of the funeral, when the cat followed the coffin from the house to the cemetery.

　　The next morning, Ada went to the grave again. “We went to the cemetery with my daughter and found a flower on the grave. I immediately thought that it was the cat, but my daughter was convinced that I was just in a very emotional state at that moment.” She told the news source.

　　That night, however, Renzo’s son returned to the cemetery and found Toldo standing guard at the grave. Ada says that her late husband shared a particularly strong bond with Toldo—he’d adopted the cat from a cat colony when he was just 3 months old.

　　Unfortunately, not everyone believes in the moving relationship between Toldo and his owner. Ada said that people often try to drive the cat away. “There are insensitive people who send him away with stones or other things, convinced that the presence of an animal in the cemetery is not good.” She told the news source. Still, Toldo continues to visit the grave every day.

　　1. Why does the cat take some gifts for his owner?

　　A. The cat likes small gifts very much.

　　B. The cat wants to be praised by people

　　C. The cat wants to show his love for the owner.

　　D. The cat’s owner has been dead for over a year.

　　2. Which of the following statement is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A. The cat has been to the cemetery since the day of the funeral.

　　B. The cat is welcome to the cemetery by all people around.

　　C. Toldo was loved by his owner very much.

　　D. Toldo was adopted at a very young age.

　　3. Some people try to drive the cat away because _____.

　　A. the gifts which Toldo brings in will make the cemetery dirty.

　　B. they believe that the cat is not a good animal.

　　C. they think a cat should not appear in the cemetery.

　　D. they think there is no need to guard at the grave.

　　参考答案1---3. CBC

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Feeling blue about the world ? “Cheer up，” says science writer Matt Ridley.“The world has never been a better place to live in，and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.”

　　Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational，because he's carefully weighed the evidence optimistic，because that

　　evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. And this is what he's set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book The Rational Optimist. He views mankind as a grand enterprise that，on the whole，has done little but progress for 100, 000 years.He backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research.

　　Here's how he explains his views.

　　1)Shopping fuels invention

　　It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone.Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty，our own generation has access to more nutritious food，more convenient transport，bigger houses，better cars，and of course，more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us .This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things.The more we specialize and exchange，the better off we'll be.

　　2) Brilliant advances

　　One reason we are richer，healthier，taller，cleverer，longer­lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food，clothing，fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper.Take one example.In 1800 a candle providing one hour's light cost six hours' work.In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes' work to pay for.In 1950 it was eight seconds.Today it's half second.

　　3) Let's not kill ourselves for climate change

　　Mitigating(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself.A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village，where the use of fassil­fuel(化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by well­meaning members of green political movements trying to save the world，is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change.If climaic change proves to be mild，but cutting carbon causes real pain，we may well find that we have stopped a nose­bleed by putting a tourniquet(止血带) around our necks.

　　人类的进步是无法阻挡的，是令人乐观。在《理性的乐观主义者》一书中，作者阐述了自己对于生活中的乐观现象，并且对于购物这样普通的日常行为所带来的积极影响都做了详尽的分析和描述。

　　．What is the theme of Ridley's most recent book?

　　A．Weakness of human nature.B．Concern about climate change.

　　C．Importance of practical thinking.D．Optimism about human progress.

　　答案：D。理解判断题。从第二段的前两句话中，反复提到一个关键词“optimistic”以及信息句“because that evidence shows...”；另外，“this is what he's set out to prove...”一句也正好清楚的表明了作者在本书中所以阐述的正是这个话题，正是与选项D的说法是一致的，即：人类的进步总是不可避免的。

　　．How does Ridley look at shopping?

　　A．It encourages the creation of things.B．It results in shortage of goods.

　　C．It demands more fossil fuels.D．It causes a poverty problem.

　　答案：A。细节判断题。从“Shopping fuels invention”一段正是反映了Ridley的观点：购物能够激发创造发明。选项A与之相吻合。

　　．The candle and lamp example is used to show that ________.

　　A．oil lamps give off more light than candles

　　B．shortening working time brings about a happier life

　　C．advanced technology helps to produce better candles

　　D．increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods

　　答案：D。细节判断题。根据Brilliant advances 一段中的“Take one example”一句很明显的确定为：作者拿蜡烛与灯的比较与变化正是为了前面他所提到的看法，故与选项D的说法是一致的。

　　．What does the last sentence of the passage imply?

　　A．Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.

　　B．Overreaction to climate change may be dangerous.

　　C．People's health is closely related to climate change.

　　D．Careless medical treatment may cause great pain.

　　答案：B。推理判断题。根据最后一句话中的“cutting carbon causes real pain”可以排除选项A与C的说法，因为它们大相径庭；而根据“putting... around our necks”一句可以表明选项D中“careless”一词运用不当，是不符合语境的。故只有选项B是最正确的。