浙江永嘉县2016高考英语阅读理解（二轮）精练题（1）及参考答案
阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Women are on their way to holding more than half of all American jobs. The latest government report shows that their share of nonfarm jobs nearly reached fifty percent in September.
Not only have more and more women entered the labor market over the years, but the depression has been harder on men. In October the unemployment rate for men was almost eleven percent compared to eight percent for women.
Industries that traditionally use lots of men have suffered deep cuts. For example, manufacturing and building lost more jobs last month. But health care and temporary employment services have had job growth. Both of those industries employ high percentages of women.
Thirty years ago, women earned sixty-two cents for every dollar that men earned. Now, for those who usually work full time, women earn about eighty percent of what men earn. And women hold fifty-one percent of good-paying management and professional jobs.
Yet a study released Thursday said men still hold about nine out of every ten top positions at the four hundred large companies in California. The results have remained largely unchanged in live years of studies from the University of California, Davis.
Also, a new research paper in the journal Sex Roles looks at the experiences of women who are the main earners in their family. Rebecca Meisenbach at the University of Missouri in Columbia interviewed fifteen women. She found they all valued their independence and many enjoyed having the power of control, though not all wanted it.
But they also felt pressure, worry and guilt. Partly that was because of cultural expectations that working women will still take care of the children. Also, men who are not the main earners may feel threatened.
The job market continues to suffer the effects of last year’s financial crash. Now, a judgment has been reached in the first case involving charges of criminal wrongdoing on Wall Street.
Last week, the government lost its case against two managers at Bear Stearns, the first investment bank to fail last year. A jury found Ralph Cioffi and Matthew Tannin not guilty of lying to investors.
The hedge funds they supervised lost their value in two thousand seven. But jurors said there was no clear evidence that they meant to mislead investors.
The Justice Department continues to investigate other companies.
9. Why is the unemployment rate for men higher.
A. Because there are more men workers in industries.
B. Because many industries mainly employing men now don’t need so many workers.
C. More and more women take the place of men.
D. Because health care and temporary employment services don’t employ men.
10. It can be inferred from the passage that __________.
A. women haven’t got complete equality as men
B. only by becoming the main earners in their family can women gain a high position
C. all women now value independence and the power of control
D. taking care of children is now shared by men and women
11. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Men hate that women earn more money.
B. It is commonly believed that women should take care of children.
C. The job market has recovered from the effect of the financial crisis.
D. Now women working full time earn more than men.
12. Why does the government accuse two managers?
A. They contributed to the financial crash.
B. They led a corrupt life.
C. They lied to investors.
D. A jury found them misleading investors.
【参考答案】9—12、BABC
阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
“Luck is a matter of preparation meeting opportunity,” said the American talk show host Oprah Winfrey. I’ve never watched her show, but when a self-made billionaire gives life advice it’s probably worth listening to.
Her point is that blind luck is very rare. You may have to be lucky to find a good job these days but that does not mean you should sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you. If you’re a Chinese, you may already be familiar with the tale of a farmer waiting by a tree stump(树桩) for a rabbit to run out and break its neck.
A book by the UK psychologist Richard Wiseman, called The Luck Factor, argues we can all make ourselves luckier. It’s not about going to a temple to burn some incense(香) hopes that the gods will give you good fortune; it’s practical advice you can follow each day.
Wiseman conducted an experiment as part of his studies. First he divided volunteers into two groups; those who said they were lucky in life and those who said they were not. He gave everyone a newspaper and asked them to look through it to count how many photographs it had inside. On average, the unlucky people took about two minutes to count the photographs while the lucky people took just seconds. Why? On the second page of the newspaper, a command, “Stop counting. There are 43 photographs in this newspaper,” was written in big letters. The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message.
It’s easy to compare this situation to a young person looking for jobs in a local paper. They might search so hard for one type of position that they miss an even better opportunity. People who are “lucky”, in fact, keep an open mind and don’t go through the same routine every day.
I first came to China in 2002 when it was considered a rather strange thing to do. Like many foreigners, my plan was to teach English for one year. Seven years later, and still here, I’ve had many great opportunities such as writing for newspapers and magazines. I did not dream these would have been possible. I’ve also never been sick, had an accident, got into a fight or had problems with the police. Coincidence? After reading about Professor Wiseman’s studies I think not.
As Wiseman advises, I usually trust my own judgment. Your friends and parents may give you advice based on rational thinking, but it’s important to consider how you feel about each choice you make. Your feeling acts as a warning for a potential problem.
Finally, try to turn bad luck into good. Even if you do fall down and break a leg, the time spent at home can be used wisely to study English.
13. Which of the following proverbs most agrees with the writer’s point?
A. Make the best of a bad job.
B. Rome was not built in a day.
C. All is not gold that glitters.
D. A good heart conquers ill fortune.
14. What do you know about Oprah Winfrey?
A. She became famous through her family background.
B. She was very lucky and seldom suffered setbacks in her life.
C. She is a British talk show host.
D. She became successful by her own effort.
15. The writer quoted the Chinese tale of a farmer in order to show __________.
A. luck is in your own hand
B. bad luck can turn into good
C. you should not sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you
D. man can conquer nature
【参考答案】13—15、ADC
社会生活类。
Sports account for a growing amount of income made on the sales of commercial time by television companies. Many television companies have used sports to attract viewers from particular sections of the general public, and then they have sold audiences to advertisers.
An attraction of sport programs for the major U.S. media companies is that events are often held on Saturday and Sunday afternoons—the slowest time periods of the week for general television viewing. Sport events are the most popular weekend programs, especially among male viewers who may not watch much television at other times during the week. This means the television networks are able to sell advertising time at relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming.
Media corporations also use sports to attract commercial sponsors that might take their advertising dollars elsewhere if television stations did not report certain sports. The people in the advertising departments of major corporations realize that sports attract male viewers. They also realize that most business travelers are men and that many men make family decisions on the purchases of computers, cars and life insurance.
Golf and tennis are special cases for television programming. These sports attract few viewers, and the ratings (收视率) are unusually low. However, the audience for these sports is attractive to certain advertisers. It is made up of people from the highest income groups in the United States, including many lawyers and business managers. This is why television reporting of golf and tennis is sponsored by companies selling high- priced cars, business and personal computers, and holiday trips. This is also why the networks continue to carry these programs regardless of low ratings. Advertisers are willing to pay high fees to reach high- income consumers and those managers who make decisions to buy thousands of “company cars” and computers. With such viewers, these programs don’t need high ratings to stay on the air.
1. Television sport programs on weekend afternoons_____.
A. result in more sport events
B. get more viewers to play sports
C. make more people interested in television
D. bring more money to the television networks
2. Why would weekend afternoons become dead time without sport programs?
A. Because there would be few viewers.
B. Because the advertisers would be off work.
C. Because television programs would go slowly.
D. Because viewers would pay less for watching television.
3. In many families, men make decisions on .
A. holiday trips B. sports viewing
C. television shopping D. expensive purchases
4. The ratings are not important for golf and tennis programs because _____.
A. their advertisers are carmakers
B. their viewers are attracted by sports
C. their advertisers target at rich people
D. their viewers can afford expensive cars
5. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Television ratings are determined by male viewers.
B. Rich viewers contribute most to television companies.
C. Sports are gaining importance in advertising on television.
D. Commercial advertisers are the major sponsors of sport events.
【参考答案】44.DADCC
阅读理解。
Awareness Weeks （认知宣传周）have become a regular part of Britain’s cultural landscape over the past few years . They started back in 1957, when one charity （慈善机构, Christian Aid, decided to make all its money-raising efforts on one time of year. It was thought that by doing this they would get more publicity for their cause.
They were right, and soon other charities and campaign （活动）groups followed them. These days , most donations（捐款）to charity are not collected on the streets. So instead of just asking for money, charities prefer to spend their time “raising awareness” —spreading knowledge of the work they do or the cause they support . They also compete with businesses and trade groups who use awareness weeks as marketing campaigns for their products.
There are now 500 awareness weeks held every year in the UK. No week goes by without one group or another trying to make the British public aware of something, with most held in May or October.
The danger with all these awareness weeks is that people start to become cynical(不信任). Take National Smile Week; it seems like a great idea. Let’s all make each other’s life a little bit happier with a friendly smile. But really it’s just a group of dentists and cosmetics companies trying to sell us toothpaste. It’s enough to make you want to start National Forget About It Week.
“People feel that many awareness campaigns are just marketing exercises,” says Ms Ormiston , who edits the Awareness Campaign Register, a news letter which encourages people who run Awareness Weeks to become more aware of each other . “But 90 per cent of campaigns are run by traditional charities or not for groups to make money.”
“There’s still no official group for awareness campaigns,” says Ms Ormiston. “People can do what they like, whatever the size of their budgets（经费）or their public relations machines allows .”
This situation has led to calls for laws to stop real charities having their efforts overshadowed by marketing campaigns. This could be done by making the two groups hold their weeks at different times or stopping businesses running imitation(模仿) charity campaigns.
But there is another way. Maybe it’s time for National Weak Awareness Week, especially for people whose awareness of Awareness Weeks is weak.
1. What’s the main purpose of awareness weeks run by charities in Britain?
A. To raise money for charities. B. To spread knowledge of charities.
C. To take up marketing campaigns. D. To advertise their goods for sale.
答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。从第一段第二句话 “…decided to make all its money-raising efforts on one time of year.”可知，答案为A。
2. Why do people start to become cynical about awareness weeks?
A. Too many awareness weeks make people feel bored.
B. People feel many awareness weeks are just for marketing exercises.
C. People have a weak awareness of awareness weeks.
D. Awareness weeks are held too often and too much money is raised.
答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。第四段中提到了人们开始对认知宣传周不满意，第五段中首句 “People feel that many awareness campaigns are just marketing exercises…”可知，答案为B。
3. What does Ms Ormiston think about awareness weeks?
A. Most of the awareness weeks should not be for making money.
B. Official groups should take the place of charities in awareness campaigns.
C. People can do what they like in awareness weeks.
D. People can get larger budgets through awareness campaigns.
答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。从第五段的最后一句话 ““But 90 per cent of campaigns are run by traditional charities or not for groups to make money.”可知，答案为A。在第六段中Ms Ormiston提到认知宣传活动没有正式的群体（no official group for awareness campaigns），因而人们可以做他们想做的，不考虑到活动经费或者公共关系机器所允许的范围。故B，C，D都与文意不符。
4. Which of the following is the right measure to be taken to solve the problems in awareness campaigns?
A. Laws should stop awareness weeks run by real charities.
B. There should be large public relations departments in awareness campaigns.
C. Business and awareness campaigns should not be held at the same place.
D. Marketing campaigns should not be in the name of charity ones.
答案解析：答案为D。本题为推理题。从倒数第二段首句 “This situation has led to calls for laws to stop real charities having their efforts overshadowed by marketing campaigns.”可知，要解决前面提到的问题就要制定法律来阻止真正的慈善活动被市场营销活动所过度遮蔽，言外之意就是市场营销活动不应在慈善活动的名义下进行。故答案为D。A选项与文意不符；B选项未提及。倒数第二段的第二句话 “This could be done by making the two groups hold their weeks at different times or stopping businesses running imitation charity campaigns.”可知，文中提到了 “different times”，而非C 选项的 “not be held at the same place”, 故C选项不正确。
5. What’s the writer’s view on Awareness Weeks?
A. National Forget About It Week should be held to stop awareness weeks.
B. National Smile Week is a great idea to improve people’s life.
C. National Weak Awareness Week can help people better understand awareness weeks.
D. Awareness Weeks should be stopped because of marketing campaigns.
答案解析：答案为C。本题考查作者的观点态度。最后一段中，作者提到 “Maybe it’s time for National Weak Awareness Week, especially for people whose awareness of Awareness Weeks is weak.”，由此可知，作者认为对那些认知宣传周意识薄弱的人要进行宣传，言外之意就是National Weak Awareness Week可以帮助人们更好的理解认知宣传周。故答案为C。 A，B, D 都与文意不符。