Ⅲ.单项填空 1．Have ________ on him; he is only a child.
A．pitiless
B．mercy
C．kindness
D．courage
[解析] B 考查固定搭配。have mercy on/upon sb.为固定搭配，意思是“对某人表示同情”。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
2．—You were out when I dropped in at your office.
—Oh，I ______ a plan with my manager at the meeting room.
A．discussed
B．had discussed
C．was discussing
D．have been discussing
[解析] C 考查动词的时态。 句意应指的是“你去我办公室的那个时候我正在会议室与经理讨论……”。所以用进行时，事情发生在过去，综合起来用过去进行时。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
3．The first textbooks ________ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th
century.
A．having written
B．to be written
C．being written
D．written
[解析] D 考查非谓语动词。由句意可知，textbooks与write为被动关系，且动词已完成。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
4．He invited me to a dance after the show ________ Christmas Eve.
A．at
B．on
C．in
D．by
[解析] B 考查介词用法。on 后接某个具体的日期。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
5．In front of our house stand a lot of tall trees，the ________ of which give welcome________.
A．shadows；shade
B．shadows；shadows
C．shade；shade
D．shade；shadows
[解析] A 考查名词辨析。shadow“树影”；shade“树荫”；再看单复数：shade是不可数名词，无复数形式，而shadow既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
6．Hearing that a foreigner would come to teach them，all the students became excited，with their eyes ________ on the doorway.
A．fixed
B．fixing
C．to fix
D．being fixed
[解析] A 考查with复合结构。with复合结构中分词作补语，fix和eyes构成动宾关系。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
7．—Do you ________ modern music?
—No，I prefer classical music ________ modern music.
A．care about；than
B．care for；to
C．care about；to
D．care for；than
[解析] B 从句子的意思分析，此处讨论的是对两种音乐的喜好，所以第一处用care for“喜欢”；第二处为句型结构prefer sth. to sth.。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
8．—Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?
—I don't mind where we go ________ there's sun，sea and beach.
A．as if
B．as long as
C．now that
D．in order that
[解析] B 考查词组辨析。as if “好像”；as long as“只要”；now that “既然”；in order that“以便”。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
9．[2010·全国卷Ⅱ] Though ________ to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome.
A．surprising
B．was surprised
C．surprised
D．being surprised
[解析] C 考查非谓语动词和状语从句的省略。从句的完整形式是Though he was surprised to see us。此处省略与主句一致的主语和be动词。 第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
10．________the flight to Australia will be delayed is ________ I'm especially worried about.
A．If；what
B．Whether；that
C．When；that
D．Whether；what
[解析] D 考查名词性从句。whether 引导主语从句；what 引导表语从句，并在从句中作about的宾语。
第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
阅读写作(六)
完形填空技法指导 阅读写作(六)[完形填空技法指导之行文逻辑 ]
阅读写作(六) │ 重视首句理解 重视首句理解 完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它看作一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项填空。做题时要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。完形填空的首句或前几句话都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，提供理解文章大意和主要内容必要的线索。此外，完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章，各段及各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系，因此还要注意把握文章发展的基本线索，搞清段与段、句与句之间的逻辑关系。 答题时，考生首先要树立起语篇概念，抓住文章主题思想，理清其结构布局， 明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系，利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括：并列关系(连接词有and，while等)；转折关系(连接词有but，however，though，whereas，nevertheless等)；因果关系(连接词有so，therefore，thus，because, for，since，as等)；让步关系(连接词或短语有though，although，despite, in spite of等)；条件关系(连接词或短语有if，unless, once，provided that，in case of等)；解释关系(连接词或短语有i.e.，that is to say, in other words等)；顺序关系(连接词有before，after，and，first，second，then，next, finally等)。 一、因果关系 例1 These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows ______ and pale and has changed so much that it is almost unrecognizable to the parents. A．sick
B．slim C．short
D．small 【点睛】 A 选项中只有sick才与pale有相关性(因果关系)，即因为“生病”，所以脸色才会“苍白”，故选A。 阅读写作(六) │ 重视首句理解 二、同类关系 例2 Edgar Allan Poe, whose life was short and seemingly unhappy, wrote stories and poems of mystery and ______， insanity(疯狂)and death. A．happiness
B．science C．society
D．terror 【点睛】 D 因为只有terror(恐怖)才与mystery(神秘)、insanity(疯狂)和death(死亡)是表示同类意义的名词，而不可能是与“happiness(幸福)”、“science(科学)”或“society(社会)”并列，故选D。 三、类属关系 例3 Edgar Allan Poe is also remembered as the father of modern detective fiction, stories of an investigator who has to solve murders and other ______. A．accidents
B．crimes C．events
D．incidents 【点睛】 B 因为“murder(凶杀)”是各种“crimes(犯罪)”行为中的一种，所以与“murder(凶杀)”并列的应是“其他各种犯罪行为”，故选B。 四、相对关系 例4 When Christ was born nearly two thousand years ago, many people, rich and ______， gave him presents. A．ill
B．healthy C．poor
D．tall 【点睛】 C 因为由句意可知，应当是指“耶稣出生时，许多人，无论贫富，都给他礼物”，故选择与rich相对意义的poor，即选C。 五、转折关系 例5 [2011·江苏卷] (节选)
______， the boy of our story was a pretty smart guy, even if he couldn't always get what he wanted. A．Therefore
B．However C．Moreover
D．Otherwise 【点睛】 B 考查副词词义辨析。A项意为“因此”；B项意为“然而”；C项意为“而且”；D项意为“否则”。句意为：然而(however)，故事中的男孩是一个聪明的孩子，即使他并非总能得到他想要的东西。此处是与上文形成对比，所以选B项表示转折。 【活学活用】 1．[2011·江苏卷] (改编) The boy wasn't much of a fruit－eater, preferring a bar of chocolate if given the choice, ______， as they say, the forbidden fruit can be tempting. Seeing the apple, the boy wanted it. A．so
B．Then C．But D．or
[解析] C 考查并列连词辨析。句意为：就像人们常说的，越禁止的东西，诱惑力越强。和上文不喜爱吃水果形成对比关系，所以选择C表示转折。 2．Nobel was upset to find out not that he had died, but that, when his time was up, he would be thought of only as one who profited from ______ and destruction. A．death
B．disease C．trouble
D．attack
[解析] A 与destruction(毁灭)并列应当是death(死亡)，故选A。 3．The poverty(贫困)was worse than anything my young companions had ever imagined. Back in the hotel, an air of sadness settled over the group. Many ______ and cried. A．gave up
B．broke down C．set off
D．held on
[解析] B 与cry(哭)并列应当是break down(情绪失控，精神崩溃)，故选B。 4．It's not easy being a teenager—nor is it easy being the parent of a teenager. You can make your child feel angry, hurt, or ______ by what you say without realizing it yourself. A．dismissed
B．misunderstood C．misled
D．satisfied
[解析] B 与angry(生气)和hurt(被伤害)意义相关的应当是misunderstood(被误解)，故选B。 2．单项填空
Look out for names and expressions _______ to British or American culture.
A．relating
B．which related
C．related
D．which is relating
[解析] C 考查动词词组及非谓语动词。 句意：注意与英美文化相关的名字和说法。be related to“与……有关”；relating to“关于”。后面句子明显修饰前面的names and expressions，所以要么用定语从句which are related to，要么用过去分词形式作定语。 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
8 narrow adj.狭窄的；勉强的；狭隘的v.使变窄
(1) narrow minded adj.
心胸狭窄的
narrow victory/escape
险胜/死里逃生
(2) narrowly adv.
勉强地；局限地；密切地 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子
(1) The gate is too _______for a car to pass.
大门太窄，汽车进不去。
(2) He is a man of_______ views.
他是个目光短浅的人。
(3) I had ______________from death.
我九死一生。
(4) They planned to ______________between imports and
exports.他们计划缩小进出口的差额。 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
narrow narrow a narrow escape narrow the gap 2．单项填空
The final score of the basketball match was 93－94.We were only ________ beaten.
A．nearly
B．slightly
C．narrowly
D．lightly
[解析] C 考查词义辨析。nearly “几乎，差不多，将近”；slightly “轻微地”，常用以表程度；lightly “轻轻地，容易地”，常表力度、情绪。只有narrowly “勉强”，表双方比分接近。 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
1 fix one's eyes on 注视，凝视
fix one‘s mind/attention on
集中某人的思想/注意力于……
with one's eyes fixed on
眼睛盯着……
fix (up) a date for
为……确定日期
fix sb .with angry stare
对某人怒目而视 第6讲 │ 短语储存
短语储存 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子
(1) He stood by the window，with ______________ a car
outside it.他站在窗户旁，眼睛盯着窗外的一辆车。
(2) Jack ______________ the candy on the table.
杰克盯着桌子上的糖果。 第6讲 │ 短语储存
his eyes fixed on fixed his eyes on 2．单项填空
Bill was sitting in the class，but his eyes were________on the flowers outside.
A．looking B．searching C．fixed D．seeking
[解析] C 句意：比尔正坐在教室里，但是他的眼睛注视着外面的花。fix one’s eyes on表示“注视着……”。 第6讲 │ 短语储存
2 date back to 追溯到……，始于……
(1) date from
追溯到……，始于……
(2) make/have a date with sb.与某人约会
to date
迄今，到现在为止(常与完成时连用)
fix a date for
为……确定时间
up to date
最新式的
out of date
过时的 【注意事项】 date back to/date from(后接建成或源起日期，表示自某时代存在至今)，不用于被动语态，且常用于一般现在时态中。 第6讲 │ 短语储存
【活学活用】 1．英汉互译
(1) 这一习俗可以追溯到数百年前。
_________________________________________
(2) My interest in stamp collecting dates from my
schooldays.
___________________________________ 第6讲 │ 短语储存
The custom dates back to hundreds of years ago. 从学生时代起，我对集邮就开始感兴趣。 2．单项填空
The Great Wall of China ________ over 2,000 years ago is wonderful indeed.
A．date back to
B．dated from
C．dating back to
D．is dated from
[解析] C 考查非谓语动词。date back to/date from “追溯到……”，dating back to 相当于which dates back to。 第6讲 │ 短语储存
3 leave out 删掉，漏掉；不理会，忽视
leave______ 让独自待着； 不管
leave ______
忘带；留下
leave ___
动身去某地
leave over
使剩下，留下
leave sb. doing
让某人做 第6讲 │ 短语储存
alone behind for 【活学活用】 1．用leave的相关短语的适当形式填空
(1) We ______an important detail.
(2) I'm going to ________Beijing tomorrow by plane.
(3) Mary ____her umbrella ______
in the classroom. 第6讲 │ 短语储存
left out leave for
left behind 2．单项填空
When you rewrite the paragraph，I advise you to ________ the last sentence as it is rather misleading.
A．point out
B．make out
C．leave out
D．put out
[解析] C 考查动词词组辨析。leave out“删去”。句意：当你重写这段的时候，我建议你把最后一句删了，因为它容易使人误解。 第6讲 │ 短语储存
4 hold one's breath 屏住呼吸
lose one‘s breath 喘不过气来
___ of breath
上气不接下气地
under one's breath
低声地
short ___breath
呼吸困难
take a ______ breath
深吸一口气 第6讲 │ 短语储存
out of deep 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子
(1) He _______________when his result was read out.
当宣读他的成绩时，他屏住了呼吸。
(2) We were _______________when we reached the top of the mountain.我们到达山顶时，已是气喘吁吁。
(3) The patient was _______________.
这病人呼吸困难。
(4) He opened his mouth wide，and _________________.
他张大嘴深深地吸了一口气。 第6讲 │ 短语储存
held his breath out of breath short of breath took a deep breath 2．单项填空
When he got to ________ top of the mountain，he was almost out of ________ breath.
A．the；a
B．the；the
C．the；/
D．a；/
[解析] C 考查冠词。out of breath“上气不接下气”；第一个空是特指。
第6讲 │ 短语储存
1 Qi Baishi's style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination.齐白石的作品往往让欣赏者自由想象，充分发挥其想象力。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
句型透视 句型公式 leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语 leave＋宾语＋adj. 使……处于某种状态 leave sth.to be done
留下某事要被做 leave＋宾语＋名词
使……成为…… leave＋sth.＋过去分词
留下某事被做 leave＋宾语＋从句
使……处于…… 第6讲 │ 句型透视
【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子
(1) Don't ______her _______outside in the rain.
别让她在外面雨中等着。
(2) Who _____the door _____?
谁没关门？
(3) The guests left most of the dishes __________，because
they didn't taste delicious.
大部分饭菜宾客都没动，因为它们味道不好。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
leave waiting left open untouched (4) We hurriedly ended our meeting, _______ many problems ____________________.
我们匆忙结束了会议，留下许多问题要解决。 (5) His parents died, _______ him __________.
他的父母死了，使他成了孤儿。 (6) Leave the medicine _____________________________.
把这药放在孩子们够不着的地方。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
leaving unsettled/to be settled leaving an orphan where the children can't reach it 2．单项填空
Don't leave the water ________ while you brush your teeth.
A．run B．running C．being run D．to run
[答案] B 第6讲 │ 句型透视
2 Out back is a small garage for the car we don't own yet and a small yard that looks smaller between the two buildings on either side.后面是一个用来停我们还没有拥有的汽车的小车库，它在两边建筑物的掩映下显得格外的小。 句型公式
介词短语、表方位的副词前置引起的倒装 第6讲 │ 句型透视
【句型解读】 Out back is a small garage…and a small yard…是因句子结构的需要而形成的倒装句。英语中，有时为了使句子保持平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，可将表语部分提前构成倒装语序。 一些副词，如：up，down，in，out，on，off，over，away，here，there，now，then，thus和一些介词短语等放在句首时，句子要倒装。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
【温馨提示】 介词短语、表方位的副词置于句首，句子的主语如果是名词，那么句子要使用完全倒装结构，即：介词短语、表方位的副词＋句子谓语＋主语；如果句子的主语是代词，那么介词短语、表方位的副词置于句首后，主谓语不倒装，仍然用正常的陈述句语序，即：介词短语、表方位的副词＋主语＋谓语。如： There goes the bell.铃声响了。 Away they went.他们走了。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子
(1) Under the tree ______________.
树下坐着一位老人。
(2) Nearby _______________that's made of wood.
附近有一只木制的小船。
(3) At the foot of the mountain _______________who
makes a living by hunting.
山脚下住着一位以打猎为生的老人。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
sits an old man was a small boat lives an old man 2．单项填空
For a moment nothing happened. Then ________ all shouting together.
A．voices had come B．came voices
C．voices would come
D．did voices come
[解析] B 考查倒装。由副词here, there, now, thus, then等开头的句子，动词是be, come, go, follow, begin等，且主语是名词时句子要用完全倒装。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
3 But what I remembered most is moving a lot.我记得最 多的是我们常常搬家。 句型公式 what引导的名词性从句 【句型解读】 what I remembered most是由what引导的名词性从句，作主语，故又称为主语从句。what引导名词性从句时，what充当从句中的某一成分，如在本从句中，what作remem bered的宾语，但特殊疑问词what引导名词性从句时，what不管在句中充当什么成分，都要置于从句的句首。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
【注意事项】 what引导名词性从句时，要在句中充当主语、宾语或表语，不能省略。 第6讲 │ 句型透视
【活学活用】 1．根据句意，用适当的引导词填空
(1) By improving reading skills，you can read faster and
understand more of _____you read.
(2) _____he told us at the meeting inspired us.
(3) In spite of _______has recently been done to provide
more buses for the people，a shortage of public
vehicles remains a serious problem.
(4) People heard _____ the President had said; they were
waiting to see _____he would do. 第6讲 │ 句型透视
what What what what what 2．单项填空
________makes the school famous is ________ more than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities.
A．What；because
B．That；because
C．That；what
D．What；that
[解析] D 句意：90%以上的学生已经被大学录取使得这所学校出名。本题考查名词性从句。第一空考查主语从句，从句中缺少主语成分，故用what引导从句；第二空考查表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。
第6讲 │ 句型透视
第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
跟踪训练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The king showed no m _____and killed all the prisoners. 2．They let the house to me at a r ____of 100 dollars a month. 3．She seems to do these things on p_______ . 4．He described the whole event in _______ (详细地)． 5．He was too drunk to walk _______ (直地)． ercy ent urpose detail straight Ⅱ.选词填空
用下面短语的适当形式填空。
fix on； lost/deep in thought； wave goodbye； try out； in a creative way
1．He painted his horse ________________to show the moving hair on their backs. 2．The tiny insect's eyes __________the cabbage. 3.
____________________________，he didn't know what happened outside. 4．I was ready to _______papercutting for myself. 5．After ______________to her son，she disappeared in the crowd.
第6讲 │ 跟踪训练
in a creative way are fixed on Lost in thought/Deep in thought try out waving goodbye 美文欣赏 [2011·江苏卷] 下面这幅照片展现了女儿为回家的妈妈拿包的情景。请根据你对这幅照片的理解用英语写一篇短文。 你的短文应包含以下内容： 1．描述照片内容，如情景、人物、动作，等等； 2．结合自身实际，谈谈你的感想； 3．举例说明你能为家长减负做些什么。 注意： 1．可参照图中文字及下面文章开头所给提示，作必要的发挥想象。 2．词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。 3．作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。 The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children. ______________________________________
【精彩美文】
The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.
The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet her working mom. Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day's work, the girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder. In response, the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels. All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing whatever she could to let me have the best. But, totally engaged in my own study, I seldom pay attention to what mother needs and feels，and always think studying well is the only thing I could do in return. Now I know I can do my bit to help with the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at least prepare breakfast myself, so as to share mother's daily burden. The picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student.
【全品点睛】
①行文逻辑：描述照片→结合实际谈感想→举例说明怎样去做。
②词汇短语：运用了较高难度的词汇。如：remove，in response, remind… of，(be) engaged in, seldom pay attention to; in return，so as to, at least等。 ③句式句法：运用了多样化的句式和句法结构。如：定语从句：…when a little girl comes to greet her working mom/who has been doing…；宾语从句：how happy and thankful she feels/whatever she could to let me have the best/what mother needs and feels/…it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student.等； 以及非谓语动词结构：realizing her mom/to show how happy…等的使用，提高了文章的档次。
基础梳理 Ⅰ. 单词荟萃 1. ____________n．想象；想象力→ ________ v．想象→ ____________adj.富于想象力的 2. __________n．展览会→ ______ v．展览 3. ________ adj.贵重的，有价值的→ ____ v．&n.重视；评价；价值 4. ________adj.典型的→________ adv.典型地→ ____n．类型 5. _________ adv.优雅地→ ________adj.优美的，优雅的→ _________ n．高雅，典雅，优雅 imagination imagine imaginative exhibition
exhibit valuable
value
typical typically type elegantly
elegant elegance 6. _________ vt.强调→ __________n．(sing.)强调→ _________ n．(pl.)强调；重点 7. __________n．建筑师→ __________ n．建筑→ __________ adj.建筑的，建筑学的 8. _________adj.宗教的；虔诚的→ ________ n．宗教，宗教信仰→ __________adv.宗教地 9. ___________n．结论；结束→ _______ v．总结 10. ______n．慈悲，怜悯，同情心→ _______adj.慈悲的，怜悯的，有同情心的→ _________adv.有同情心地→ ________ adj.不仁慈的，无怜悯心的
emphasize emphasis emphases architect
architecture architectural religious religion
religiously conclusion conclude mercy merciful
mercifully merciless Ⅱ.短语检测 1．怜悯
2．试用；实验
3．有几分
4．向……挥手告别
5．到……时为止
6．陷入沉思
7．追溯到
8．把……与……联系起来
9．注视，凝视
10．屏住呼吸
have mercy on
try out
sort of
wave goodbye to
by the time
be deep in thought
date back to
relate…to…
fix one's eyes on
hold one's breath
Ⅲ.佳句再现 1．Qi Baishi was __________ China's greatest painters.
齐白石是中国最伟大的画家之一。 2．Qi Baishi's style of painting often _______ the audience __________ and makes them use their imagination.齐白石的作品往往让欣赏者自由想象，充分发挥其想象力。 3．Write down _________________________ that give new information and are stressed.将提供信息和重读的单词尽可能多地写下来。 one of leaves guessing as many words as you can 4．People __________ the dead person __________ would make these offerings on special days and during festivals.
死者亲属会在特殊的日子或节日期间做这些祭品。 5．They are also sometimes _______________ jewellery boxes.
它们有时也被用来装饰首饰盒。 6．We _______________ on Mango Street.我们并不一直住在芒果街。
to whom was related used to decorate didn't always live 单词点睛 1 imagination n．想象；想象力；空想；想象的事物
(1) beyond imagination 超乎想象
in one's imagination
在遐想中
(2) imagine v.
想象
imagine sth./doing sth. 想象某事/做某事
imagine sb. doing
想象某人做某事
imagine sb. to be
想象某人是……
(3) imaginary adj.
假想的，虚构的 【活学活用】 (1) I didn't __________ becoming a teacher in my childhood.在童年时期，我并未想象成为一名教师。 (2)
_________________________ when planning main meals.
准备正餐时充分发挥你的想象力。 (3) Can you imagine John __________ dinner for twenty people? 你能想象出约翰为20个人做饭的样子吗？ imagine Try to use your imagination cooking 2 pain n．(physical suffering or discomfort caused by injury or disease)痛苦；疼，痛；辛苦，努力(用复数)v.(cause pain to sb.)使痛苦；感到疼痛
(1) in pain
疼痛；在苦恼中
feel no pain
不觉得疼
have a pain/pains in
在……部位疼痛
take pains to do sth.
煞费苦心，尽力做某事
spare no pains/efforts 不辞劳苦，全力以赴
(2) painful adj.
令人痛苦的 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子
(1) She cried out __________ when her tooth was pulled out.她 的牙齿被拔出来时，她疼得叫了出来。
(2) We must ___________________ to finish the task on
time.
我们必须不遗余力地准时完成任务。
(3) My head is still __________ .
我的头还在疼。 in pain spare no pains/efforts
paining 2．单项填空
—It took me ten years to build up my business，and it almost killed me.
—Well，you know what they say.________.
A．There is no smoke without fire
B．Practice makes perfect
C．All roads lead to Rome
D．No pains，no gains
[解析] D 考查谚语。根据上下文可知，No pains, no gains符合题意“一分耕耘一分收获”。 There is no smoke without fire“无风不起浪”；Practice makes perfect“熟能生巧”；All roads lead to Rome“条条道路通罗马”。 3 mercy n．(kindness，forgiveness，etc.shown to sb.)慈悲，怜悯，同情心
(1) at the mercy of 受……支配；任由……摆布
have mercy on sb.
宽恕、怜悯某人
show mercy to sb.
宽恕、怜悯某人
beg for mercy
乞求、请求宽恕
(2) merciful adj.
仁慈的，宽恕的
merciless adj.
不仁慈的，无怜悯心的 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语提示完成句子
(1) The boss ____________ (不怜悯) on the employees and
often is hard on them.
(2) The baby was abandoned by his cruel parents by the
roadside，where it was _________________(听天由命)． has no mercy at the mercy of fate 2．单项填空
Apart from the shortage of water and food，the survivors in Haiti are ________ the terrible plague (瘟疫)．
A．at the mercy of
B．in charge of
C．in search of
D．as a result of
[解析] A 考查词组辨析。at the mercy of“任凭……摆布”；in charge of“负责，照料”；in search of“寻找”；as a result of“作为……的结果，由于”。 4 abstract adj.(existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or practical existence)抽象的，深奥的；(指艺术)抽象派的n.抽象，抽象性，抽象的概念；(书籍的)摘要，概括
(1) abstractly adv. 抽象地
abstraction n.
抽取；抽象概念；心神专注
(2) concrete adj.
具体的，有形的 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子
(1) We may talk of beautiful things，but beauty itself is
_______.我们尽可谈论美的事物，然而美本身却是抽象 的。
(2) Could you show me the _______ of the lecture? 你能让 我看看讲演的摘要吗？ abstract abstract 2．单项填空
Sometimes ________ art cannot be understood by many people.
A．concrete
B．detailed
C．summarized
D．abstract
[解析] D 词义辨析。句意：有时候很多人难以理解抽象艺术。 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
5 ruin v．毁坏，毁灭；(使) 颠覆；(使)毁坏
n．毁灭；废墟(常用复数)，遗迹；残余
in ruins
一片废墟
bring sth. to ruin
使某物毁灭
fall into ruin
成为废墟 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
【活学活用】 (1) The village _________ (变成了废墟) after the war. (2) The hurricane _______ (毁坏) all the houses here. (3) After the earthquake，the ancient building was _______ (成了一片废墟)． (4) My new shoes __________ (被糟蹋了) in the mud. was ruined ruined in ruins were ruined 6 typical adj.代表性的，典型的，象征性的
typically adv.典型地； 通常；一般地 【经典句式】 It's typical of sb.to do…/that… 做……是某人的风格。 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
【活学活用】 1．英汉互译
(1) The typical family may remain childless and consist
only of a man and a woman.
________________________________________________
(2) 他是一个典型的说大话的人。
___________________________
(3) It was typical of her that she always replied to a letter
the day she received it.
_______________________________________________ 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
典型的家庭可能无小孩，只包括一个男人和一个女人。 He was a typical big talker. 她总是在收到信的当天就回信，这是她的特点。 2．单项填空
Jack is late again. It is ________ of him to keep others waiting.
A．normal B．ordinary C．common D．typical
[解析] D 考查形容词辨析。It is typical of sb. to do sth.“某人一向……”。 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
7 relate v．把……与……联系起来；有关
(1) relate to 与……有关；涉及
be related to
与……相关； 与……联系
(2) relative adj.
相比较而言的；相关联的n.
亲属，
亲戚
relatively adv.
相对地，比较地
relationship n.
关系
relation n.
关系；亲属
have relation to
和……有关
in relation to
就……而论；和……联系起来看 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子
(1) The report _______ high wages __ labour shortages.该报 告把工资高与劳动力短缺联系在一起。
(2) Wealth is seldom _________happiness.
财富很少与幸福相关。 第6讲 │ 单词点睛
relates to related to