历年高考题中至少有一道题要考到连词或介词。介词的考查形式多样，除了单纯考查介词外，还常考查介词与其他词的搭配。此外，在定语从句中，也常考查“介词＋关系代词”的用法。有些介词的考查频率较高，如with，beyond。连词考查较多的有：but和while，“祈使句＋and/or＋并列句”中的and和or；另外，for作为并列连词的用法也是一考点。
1．(2016·安徽，22)Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library________a book about it.
A．on
B．at
C．for
D．to
2．(2016·福建，29)Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess，as her children are always ________ whenever she tries to.
A．in the way
B．on watch
C．in sight
D．on the line
3．(2016·湖北，30)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered________a long lost antique Greek vase.
A．at random
B．by chance
C．in turn
D．on occasion
4．(2016·江苏，16)I am always delighted when I receive an e－mail from you.________the party on July 1st，I shall be pleased to attend.
A．On account of
B．In response to
C．In view of
D．With regard to
5．(2016·辽宁，25)________everyone here，I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.
A．By means of
B．On behalf of
C．In search of
D．For fear of
6．(2016·北京，26)I have an appointment ________ Dr.Smith, but I need to change it.
A．to
B．off
C．with
D．from
7．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，11)A serious study of physics is impossible________some knowledge of mathematics.
A．against
B．before
C．beyond
D．without
8．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，34)It was a real race________time to get the project done.Luckily，we made it.
A．over
B．by
C．for
D．against
9．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，32)There's no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery________another man，also intelligent，fails.
A．since
B．if
C．as
D．while
10．(2016·重庆，23)It's not easy to change habits，________ with awareness and self－control，it is possible.
A．for
B．or
C．but
D．so
考点1、介词的普通用法
【例1】 Four Chinese models were ________ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition.
A．among
B．between
C．along
D．beside
【例2】 He invited me to a dance after the show ________ Christmas Eve.
A．at
B．on
C．in
D．by
【例3】 Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients ________ name, not case number.
A．of
B．as
C．by
D．with
【例4】 ________ the crisis of economy getting more and more serious, the government is searching for ways to improve people's life.
A．As
B．With
C．When
D．If
【特别提醒】介词with的用法主要有
1．表示“和……在一起”，“由……陪同”或“有……在场”
The students went to the farm with their teachers.
学生们与他们的老师一起去了农场。
2．表示“随着……”
With time passing, they have grown into big boys and big girls.
随着时间的流逝，他们已经长成大小伙子和大姑娘了。
3．with后面加复合宾语，说明附带情况
He likes to sleep with the windows open.
他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。
4．表示“具有；带有；包括……在内”
China is a country with a long history.
中国是个历史悠久的国家。
5．表示原因或理由
The little girl was trembling with fear.
这个小女孩吓得发抖。
考点二、介词短语
【例5】 When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside ________ younger men.
A．in terms of
B．in need of
C．in favor of
D．in praise of
【例6】 More and more high－rise buildings have been built in big cities ________ space.
A．in search of
B．in place of
C．for lack of
D．for fear of
【例7】We give dogs time, space and love we can spare, and ________， dogs give us their all.
A．in all
B．in fact
C．in short
D．in return
【特别提醒】
1．动词＋介词
account for说明 agree on对……达成协议 begin with以……开始 come across碰见 go into调查 keep from阻止 look for寻找 stand for代表 agree with 同意(某人意见) answer for对……负责 wait for等待 decide on对……作出决定 head for向……前进 live on靠……生活 look into调查 stick to坚持 agree to同意(某种安排等) aim at针对 call for要求 get into进入 hear from接到……的信、电话 look after照顾 run into碰到 wait on招待
2．动词＋副词＋介词
add up to合计达…… come up with提出 get on with与……相处融洽 look down upon看不起 look up to敬仰(某人) put up with忍受 come up against遭到反对 do away with废除 keep up with跟上 look forward to盼望 make up for弥补 stand out for坚决要求 come up to达到 get down to开始认真考虑 live up to不辜负(期望) look out for当心 run out of用完 stick out for坚持要求
3．动词＋名词＋介词
catch sight of突然看见 make room for为……腾出地方 take pride in以……为荣 make friends with和……交朋友 pay attention to注意 show interest in对……感兴趣 make fun of取笑 take care of照顾 take part in参加
难点1、含有介词的短语
【例1】 We hadn't planned to meet.We met ________ chance.
A．of
B．in
C．for
D．by
【例2】 His efforts to raise money for his program were ________ because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.
A．in place
B．in sight
C．in effect
D．in vain
【例3】 I would like a job which pays more，but ________ I enjoy the work I'm doing at the moment.
A．in other words
B．on the other hand
C．for one thing
D．as a matter of fact
【特别提醒】揭密常考的介词短语
1．含有at的短语,at a time一次 at least至少 at the same time同时at all costs不惜一切代价 at most至多 at times有时候 at first最初 at once立即 at will任意地 at last最后 at present目前 at work起作用
2．含有by的短语,by accident偶然 by day/night白天/夜间 by heart能背诵 by turns轮流 by birth出身 by no means绝不,by chance偶然 by mistake错误地 by the way顺便说一下 by chance偶然 by mistake错误地 by the way顺便说一下
3．含有in的短语,in a sense从某种意义上说 in case假使 in fact实际上,in one's opinion在某人看来 in other words换句话说 in short总之 in the long run从长远来看 in advance事先 in store必将发生 in general一般说来 in no time立刻 in public公开地 in vain徒劳 in time及时,in the meantime同时 in danger处于危险中 in turn轮流 in order井井有条 in return作为回报 in the end最后 in all总共
4．含有on的短语,on average平均 on foot步行 on sale在出售 on the way在途中 on business出差 on holiday在休假 on strike罢工 on time准时 on duty值日 on behalf of代表 on the contrary相反 on the spot当场 on fire着火 on purpose故意地 on the other hand另一方面
5．含有out of的短语,out of breath气喘吁吁 out of date过时 out of order发生故障 out of patience失去耐心 out of work失业,out of control失去控制 out of doors 在户外 out of question毫无疑问 out of reach拿不到 out of the question不可能 out of danger脱险 out of fashion不合时尚 out of luck倒霉 out of shape变形 out of touch失去联系
难点2.并列连词
【例4】 Find ways to praise your children often，________ you'll find they will open their hearts to you.
A．till
B．or
C．and
D．but
【例5】 They wanted to charge $5,000 for the car, ________we managed to bring the price down.
A．but
B．so
C．when
D．since
【例6】 In some places women are expected to earn money ________ men work at home and raise their children.
A．but
B．while
C．because
D．though
【例7】 John plays basketball well，________ his favorite is badminton.
A．so
B．or
C．yet
D．for
【例8】 He found it increasingly difficult to read，________ his eyesight was beginning to fail.
A．though
B．for
C．but
D．so
【例9】 Stand over there ________ you'll be able to see the oil painting better.
A．but
B．till
C．and
D．or
【特别提醒】做并列连词的when和while
(1)when还可用作并列连词，其意思为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：①sb was doing sth when...②sb was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth when...③sb had just done sth when...如：
(2)while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。如：
He likes pop music，while I am fond of folk music.
他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。
1．Some people do as they please ________ what the result will be.
A．instead of
B．regardless of
C．in memory of
D．in place of
2．She is ________ a growing number of Chinese people who are finding it increasingly difficult to find the time to read each day.
A．between
B．among
C．during
D．through
3．I know nothing about the young lady ________ she has just come back from Great Britain and got a doctor's degree.
A．except
B．except for
C．except that
D．besides
4．Guangdong lies ________ the south of China and Fujian is ________ the east of Guangdong.Hainan is ________ the coast of the mainland.
A．in；in；on
B．in；on；off
C．on；to；on
D．in；to；away
5．Our company has arranged me to go on a business trip to Shenzhen next week，but I will drop in on my friend in Guangzhou first.In other words，I will go to Shenzhen ________ Guangzhou.
A．by the way of
B．on the way of
C．by way of
D．by the way
6．In Hangzhou，Mr.Black was so struck ________ the beauty of nature that he stayed ________ another night.
A．at；on
B．with；at
C．for；in
D．by；for
7．Wuhan and Chongqing are among the most important cities in China ________ their size and population.
A．in terms of
B．in case of
C．in view of
D．in favor of
8．His best－known painting that is ________ all praise will be on show in the National Gallery early next month.
A．without
B．within
C．over
D．beyond
9．—What do you want to do ________ those old boxes?
—To put things in when I move to the new flat.
A．by
B．for
C．of
D．with
10．The number of the employees has grown from 1,000 to 1,200.This means it has risen ________ 20 percent.
A．at
B．by
C．to
D．with