专题训练卷(五)学海导航·高中新课标总复习(第二轮)·英语
专题训练卷(五)
(1)
(原创)In cities, the everpresent dull background roar (轰鸣) of planes, cars, machinery and voices is a fact of life. There is no escape from it and I was beginning to be driven mad by it. In an attempt to recapture some peace, I travelled to a temple, a small poor house and a mine 2km underground — all very quiet but not the holy place of silence. The one place I was most excited about visiting was the anechoic (无回声的) hall.
Ironically, far from being peaceful, most people find its perfect quiet upsetting. Being deprived of the usual sounds can result in fear. The presence of sound means things are working; it's business as usual — when sound is absent, that signals dangers. A violinist tried it and knocked on the door after a few seconds, demanding to be let out because he was so disturbed by the silence.
I booked a 45minute period — no one had managed to stay in for that long before. I felt anxious for two reasons: would I go mad and tear off my clothes? Or would I simply be disappointed because it wasn't as enjoyable as I'd hoped?
When the heavy door shut behind me, I was thrown into darkness. For the first few seconds, being in such a quiet place made me feel nervous. I tried to hear something and heard…nothing. Then, after a minute or two, I became aware of the sound of my breathing, so I held my breath. The sound of my heartbeat became apparent — nothing I could do about that. As the minutes went by, I started to hear the blood rushing in my body. Your ears become more sensitive as a place gets quieter, and mine were going overtime. I heard my skin moving over my head, which was a strange noise I couldn't explain. The feeling of peace was spoiled by a little disappointment — this place wasn't quiet at all.
I didn't feel afraid and came out only because my time was up; I would happily have spent longer in there. Everyone was impressed that I'd beaten the record, but having spent so long searching for quiet, I was comfortable with the feeling of absolute stillness. Afterwards I felt wonderfully rested and calm.
I found that making space for moments of quiet in my day is the key to happiness — they give you a chance to think about what you want in life. How can you really focus on what's important if you're distracted by constant background noise? If you can occasionally become master of your own sound environment — from turning off the TV to moving to the country, as I did — you become a lot more accepting of the noises of everyday life.
1. Why did the writer love to travel everywhere?
A. To find a place to enjoy himself.
B. To study the customs of other countries.
C. To discover whether absolute silence exists.
D. To escape from the background roar of vehicles.
2. It is implied in Paragraph 2 that astronauts ______.
A. should be trained in the an echoic hall
B. should learn to cope with the silence of space
C. should knock on the door to make noises
D. should sense something was wrong by noises
3. The writer could hear the following in the an echoic hall except ______.
A. breathing
B. heartbeat
C. blood rushing
D. light
4. We can infer from the passage that ______.
A. you'd get more sensitive in a quiet place
B. you'd have to be dead for absolute silence
C. the writer felt tired and calm when he came out
D. the writer went out of the hall due to extreme fear
5. Which of the following will the writer agree with?
A. His desire for silence changed his life.
B. His experience narrowly drove him mad.
C. We should try our best to live without noises.
D. Our sufferings are bound to be linked to noises.
(2)
(2012·湖南教育考试院一模)Early one cool September morning when I was sixteen years old, I jumped out of my bed, headed for the bathroom. A split second after my feet hit the floor, my bottom followed. I knew I hadn't tripped or fallen over anything. When I tried to stand, I found that my legs would not hold me up. I remember feeling totally confused.
The result was that I would likely never walk again. I fell apart. As a teenager, the most important thing to me was being with my friends, something that suddenly seemed impossible. I was particularly upset because the school I had attended my whole life wasn't wheelchair accessible, which meant that I wouldn't be graduating the following year with my class. I was convinced that any kind of life worth living was over.
I was the youngest of four children. As my dad's medical practice was well established by the time I came along, I had the privilege of spending a great deal more time with him than had my brother and sisters. My sudden illness was particularly hard on my dad. I think, he worried about my mental health more than the physical implications. But as fate would have it, Dad was walking on the sidewalk along a nearby park one day when a drunk driver on a motorcycle jumped onto the path and hit him.
All night, I stayed in the waiting room of the hospital where Dad was on staff. He was not only a gifted surgeon, but he was also a determined man. We kept hoping for good news that night, though it never came. Dad was broken. The hands he had used to give sight to so many were crushed. His brilliant brain was damaged. Toward morning, my dad died.
I decided the best reason to continue living was to make the world better for someone else. Over the next several years, my illness went into full lessening and I slowly regained the ability to walk. Mom and I were not so lucky when it came to money. Without Dad's insurance money, money became a problem for the first time in our lives. We did get help, though, from a number of wonderful people.
1. The author fell over in the bathroom because ______.
A. there was no light in the bathroom
B. there was something on the way
C. she was completely worn out
D. her legs have some problems
2. Why was the author unable to graduate from the school on time?
A. Because she couldn't go to school in awheelchair.
B. Because she didn't want to go to school again.
C. Because her friends didn't help her any more.
D. Because her father was hit in an accident
3. What was the author's father worried about the most after the author's incident?
A. Her education.
B. Her relationships.
C. Her emotional health.
D. Her physical health.
4. It is mentioned in the passage that ______ .
A. the author's father was a guide in the hospital
B. the author's father died that night after the accident
C. the author led a happy life with her siblings' financial help
D. the author managed to survive with her dad's insurance money 5. What does the passage show us about the author's father?
A. Excellent and strongminded.
B. Generous and kindhearted.
C. Determined but greedy.
D. Diligent but absentminded.
(3)(8 min.)
(原创)According to the new research, individuals who touch possible items in stores, are more likely to have an increased desire to purchase them than those who keep their hands off the products.
The researchers conducted four studies on the connection between touch and feelings of ownership and the effect of perceived(抓住) ownership on the value placed on an object. For one of the experiments, the experts placed two products, a Slinky toy and a coffee mug(杯)in front of the volunteers, undergraduate students. About half of the participants were offered to touch the products, while the other half were asked not to touch them. The volunteers then were asked to express their sense of ownership of the products and to report how much money they were willing to pay for each. The results showed that those students who were offered to touch the objects, reported significant increased levels of perceived ownership. They also expressed a desire to pay more money to obtain the products.
Researchers said that many stores already follow _the_right_path. But what can be done while shopping online, when touching of an item is not possible?
The researchers added an extra layer to their experiment. After the participants either touched or did not touch the Slinky toy and the coffee mug, they were asked to imagine choosing the products and bringing it home. The other half of students were asked to simply evaluate the objects in their minds. As a result, for those students who were asked to touch a product, it did not matter how much money they would be willing to pay after imagining its ownership. However, among those who were not allowed to touch the products — a group that shares the same hands — free experience as online shoppers — imagination of the ownership resulted in significantly higher valuations of the products.
When you touch an object, you immediately feel some kind of a connection to it, according to the researchers. That connection stirs up an emotional reaction. And that emotion can make people to buy something they never even would consider buying if they had not touched it.
1. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Don't touch products while shopping
B. Be far away from products while shopping
C. Marketing strategy about touch and feelings
D. How to avoid making unnecessary purchases
2. From the preparation of the study, we can know that ______.
A. all the participants were glad to take the products away for free
B. a Slinky toy and a coffee mug were used to convey no information
C. all the participants were offered to get hold of the products they saw
D. a Slinky toy and a coffee mug were used to attract the volunteers' attention
3. The underlined part “the right path” in Paragraph 3 possibly means ______.
A. talking customers into purchasing the products by showing the products
B. offering customers an opportunity to “feel” the products by touching them
C. persuading customers to buy the products by keeping their hands off the products
D. forcing customers to pay more money for the products by touching customers' hands
4. By writing the fourth paragraph, the author intends to ______.
A. warn Internet users not to touch the products advertised on the Internet
B. give advertisers suggestions on strategic planning for ads on the Internet
C. advise Internet users not to imagine or evaluate the products in their minds
D. remind advertisers of the advertisement effectiveness for ads on the Internet
5. Why does the touch of products increase the desire to purchase them?
A. Because touching something gives one that little sense of control.
B. Because one feels some kind of a connection at once by touching them.
C. Because one may be afraid to damage them and has to make a purchase.
D. Because touching something makes one feel pleasant and imagine the ownership.
(4)(8 min.)
(原创)In a recent study, researchers have estimated the _energy_ required to produce bottled water, including the energy required to manufacture plastic, make the plastic into bottles, process the water, fill and seal the bottles, transport the bottles, and chill the bottles for use. Combining all the energy input totals for treatment and distribution, researchers found that producing bottled water requires between 5.6 and 10.2 million joules(焦耳) of energy per liter, depending on transportation factors. That's up to 2, 000 times the energy required to produce tap water.
To break down the _energy_requirements,_researchers found that producing the plastic bottles and transporting the bottles greatly dominated(控制) the energy input. Although some companies are experimenting with producing lightweight bottles or using recycled materials, the researchers calculated that the manufacturing cost is about 4 million joules of energy per plastic bottle weighing 38 grams, and the cap weighing 2 grams.
“Our previous work had suggested that bottled water production was an energyintensive process, but we were surprised to see the results, ” the researchers said.
Transportation costs vary depending on the distance and mode of transport, and both factors depend on the type of bottled water. There are two main kinds of bottled water in the US: “ _spring_water”， which comes from an underground spring; and “purified water”， which is city tap water that has received further treatment. For purified water distributed locally by truck within Los Angeles, the total transportation energy is about 1.4 million joules per liter. In the second situation, spring water shipped from Fiji (such as Fiji Spring Water) across the Pacific to Los Angeles, and then delivered locally by truck, requires about 4 million joules per liter for transportation. For the spring water, the transportation energy equaled (in the case of Fiji) the energy required to produce the bottle.
With this data, the researchers hope that future studies will have the ability to make specific estimates for different situations, and possibly find ways to cut energy costs.
1. From the first Paragraph we can know that the energy required to ______.
A. produce bottled water includes the energy required to drink it
B. distribute bottled water includes the energy for producing the bottles
C. distribute bottled water is much smaller than the energy for treating it
D. produce bottled water is much smaller than the energy for producing tap water
2. To reduce the energy required to produce bottled water, some companies are trying ______.
A. to fill tap water into the plastic bottles directly
B. to replace the plastic bottles with metal containers
C. to produce lightweight bottles with recycled materials
D. to use bicycles to transport and deliver bottled water locally
3. What's Paragraph 4 mainly talking about?
A. Treatment of bottled water needs no energy input at all.
B. Bottled water production is an energyintensive process.
C. Transportation of bottled water takes up the most energy input.
D. Production of the plastic bottles greatly dominated the energy input.
4. We can infer from the passage that ______.
A. there are two main kinds of bottled water in the US
B. world consumption of
bottled water has been increasing
C. transportation costs have something to do with the mode of transport
D. bottled water produced in Spring is more expensive than purified water
5. What's the main purpose of the passage?
A. To help consumers themselves make more environmentally sustainable choices.
B. To advise the government to take severe measures to stop producing bottled water.
C. To urge the consumers to drink tap water instead of bottled water for the sake of the earth.
D. To try the best to find ways to produce bottled water cheaply and quickly for the companies.
(5)(8 min.)
Mary knew she had a problem when she screamed at her university professor. He had caught her having an aggressive argument with a woman on her course.
When the teacher said Mary would have to seek professional help or leave the course, she went to see help. It was a turning point for Mary, who had arrived in the UK at the age of 10 while struggling to cope with the death of her sister.
“It changed my life，” she says. “Suddenly I was speaking about things I had never talked about: how I was struck at school when I first came to the UK because I couldn't speak English; how I had watched my sister die. My mother sent me back to school that day. We never spoke about it again. Now, if I get angry, I can talk about it.”
“Anger in our society is reaching pandemic(全国流行) levels, but there's very little help available，” says Mike Fisher, director of the British Association of Anger Management. _This_January_BAAM_received_an_unprecedented_number_of_bookings_for_its_courses,_despite January traditionally being its quietest month.
“More people are seeking help, but family violence is increasing. Workplace stress is also rising，” he says. In particular, there has been a big increase in calls from people in relationships with rageaholics — a person who is addicted to serious anger.
A recent study found that 84% of the 715 volunteers had experienced abuse(虐待) in the last 24 months. “Twice as many women agreed than men，” says Fisher. “But both sexes report a high percentage of abuses.”
All of them don't do good to the nation's health. Anger can be useful, but out of control it can lead to health problems, and longterm serious anger is linked with heart disease, depression, and bad relationships.
Fisher says early intervention is important. Others say we need to learn how to express anger appropriately(合适地). “It's about expressing yourself calmly, ” says Phillip Hodson. Other methods include counting to 10 and slowing the breath, working out and avoiding alcohol and drugs.
1. Why did the teacher ask Mary to leave the course?
A. She was too aggressive.
B. She talked too much in class.
C. She often made fun of others.
D. She couldn't control his emotions.
2. When Mary was very angry, she would improve her mood by ______.
A. talking about her sufferings
B. not talking about her family affairs
C. studying hard and learning English
D. coming back and getting herself calmed
3. The underlined part in Para. 4 probably means this January many people ______.
A. ordered the course in BAAM
B. came to BAAM for professional help
C. came to buy books on the course in BAAM
D. asked for methods to manage their emotions
4. At the end of the passage, the author shows ______.
A. how to express our feelings
B. how to treat longterm anger
C. the bad result brought by anger
D. the increasing popularity of anger
5. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Anger is becoming pandemic.
B. People care more about their mood.
C. Healthy life style is of great importance.
D. Mary is angry with the university professor.
(6)(8 min.)
(原创)Marijuana(大麻) smokers are more likely to get involved in automobile crashes than people who do not drive under the influence of marijuana because their driving skills are impaired (削弱)within the first hour after using it.
The conclusions are based on the study of 83 men, with the ages between 17 and 49 years, who were asked about their driving history and then followed in driving simulators(模拟器). Male participants have been chosen because they more often engage in dangerous driving and driving under the influence of marijuana.
According to the results, 35 percent of the 83 participants had been involved in one or more car accidents which resulted in material damage in the previous three years. About 30 percent of them admitted to using marijuana and 80 percent of those acknowledged that they have been driving under the influence of marijuana at least once in the past year. Young men with impulsive(冲动的)character and who enjoy thrills and sharp sensations, are more likely to get behind the wheel while high on marijuana. Men who drove under the influence of marijuana were also more likely to show risky and dangerous driving behaviors tending to get into more crashes.
The findings indicate that the use of marijuana, even in low doses, significantly brings up the risk of fatal car crashes. Traces of marijuana are most often found in theurine(尿)or blood of drivers after an accident, which is an indication of risky road behavior and marijuana smoking. It is a serious cause for concern since marijuana is considered to be the 3rd most popular used substance that is being associated with car crashes, after alcohol and tobacco use.
To prevent dangerous behaviors from driving under the influence of marijuana, there is an urgent need to educate men and warn them about all the dangers that might result from driving under the influence of marijuana. Men with selfreported driving under the influence of marijuana tend to be associated with an increased risk of being involved in a car accident.
1. Driving under the influence of marijuana is a serious problem because ______.
A. marijuana smoking is for sure associated with car crashes
B. people's judgment and insight are not as good as it should be
C. young men more often engage in dangerous driving than old drivers
D. drivers are less likely to show risky and dangerous driving behaviors
2. According to the study mentioned in the passage, we can know that ______.
A. male participants were studied because women have little to do with marijuana
B. the overwhelming majority of participants experienced driving after using marijuana
C. 83 participants were followed by the researchers while driving after using marijuana
D. young men with impulsive character tended to run after a vehicle while high on marijuana
3. What can we infer from the fourth paragraph?
A. Marijuana is the leading cause of traffic accident.
B. Traffic accident tends to be associated with marijuana smoking.
C. Drivers should have their urine or blood checked after the accident.
D. Low doses of marijuana don't necessarily result in a fatal car accident.
4. To avoid dangerous driving from marijuana, ______.
A. it is necessary for all the drivers to stop using marijuana all their life
B. it is necessary for all the drivers to be far away from marijuana before driving
C. drivers should be trained to warn them of the dangers under the influence of marijuana
D. marijuana should be studied to find suitable ways to decrease the risk of driving under the influence of marijuana
5. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Marijuana Affects Perception of the Driver
B. Marijuana Increases the Risk of the Driver
C. Marijuana Smokers and Automobile Crashes
D. Marijuana Smokers and Their Risky Behaviors.