【基础练习】 2. 松鼠显得满不在乎，因为他不用储备冬粮了。 A squirrel doesn't care about it, because it needn't store the winter food. 【基础练习】 3．但其他的动物却忧心忡忡。棕熊抱怨说他无法冬眠了，而北极熊则为无法冬泳而苦恼。企鹅则发出感叹：“人类好自私哦。” However, other animals are worried. “I can't hibernate，” a bear complains to a polar bear, who agrees, adding, “I am nowhere to go winter swimming”. “How selfish the mankind is！” a penguin thinks. 【基础练习】 第二步：后果 4. 这些动物面临灭绝的危险，因为它们的栖息地正在遭到因人类活动引起的全球变暖的破坏。 These animals are dying out, because their habitats are being destroyed by the global warming caused by human activities.
【基础练习】 第三步：原因 5．汽车和工厂排放废气，家庭使用煤炭和木材，人类砍伐森林。所有这些导致了全球变暖。 Cars and factories give off gases. Families burn coal and wood in their homes and forests are lost. All these contribute to global warming.
【基础练习】 第四步：措施 6. 该是采取措施的时候了。例如，离开家时关好灯和电脑。步行或骑自行车上班，而不是开车上班。栽更多的树等。 It is time to take action. For example, when we leave homes, we should turn off lights and computers. We had better go to work on foot or by bike instead of driving a car. People should plant more trees. 【基础练习】 第五步：结论 7. 从小事做起。我们才能“冷却”地球，拯救生活在地球上的人类和动物。
Start small. Only in this way can we “cool” the earth and save people and animals living on it.
感谢您的关注 Thank you for your attention ! 第28讲
漫画作文
(2011·湖南卷)
假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按如下要求完成一篇短文：
1．简要描述下图内容，并点明主题；
2．联系实际，表达该图带给你的启示。
注意：1. 词数不少于120个；
2. 不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。 ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 思路点拨：本文为一篇看图作文，要求考生简要描述图画内容，并点明主题。同时要求联系实际，谈谈该图带来的启示。属半开放性作文。应用第一人称写作，基本时态为一般现在时。可按“三段式”来写此文——描写图画、联系实际和谈谈启示。开头段描写图画，就图写图，无需发挥任何的主观意见和言论。首先描写图画：海洋由水滴组成、森林由树木组成、社会由个人组成。最后一句点明主题“积少成多”。要力求句式多变，避免表达的单调。第二段为文章主体段，此段可联系学生学校生活的实际，分析 “积少成多”的哲理。结尾段谈启示和感受，要注意前后呼应，深化主题。
2004年湖南单独命题以来，看图作文就出现过两次：第一次是2004年，试题呈现两幅城乡生活环境的对比图；第二次是2008年，试题呈现爱迪生、海伦·凯勒和莎士比亚的头像及提供三位伟人的简单信息。
看图作文主要属于记叙、描写或说明方面的文章。根据所给图画的数目和形式不同，看图作文考查的方式有组图(记叙类)、对比图、单张图画(漫画评论类)3类。
看图作文首先要看懂图画内容，分清内容的主次，确定所写内容的详略，要做到所写内容既要符合图画所描绘的情景，又要连贯流畅。在确定写作内容后，要进一步将所写内容概括成“写作要点”，以便为后面的写作确定框架。最后，依据所概括的要点写成合乎要求的短文。
图画提示实质上与文字提示如出一辙，都反映一个整体思想。一篇成功的看图作文不外乎3个部分：
●简述图片。针对每幅图片写一至两个句子，也就是我们口试中常用的就事论事进行看图说话而已。如：
As can be seen in the picture…
The picture tells us…
●发表感想。就每幅图片或整体主题发表自己的一些看法。如：
The implied meaning of this picture should be taken into consideration seriously. In the first place…In the second place…
●简短结论。最后用一至两个简短句子进行小结，起到画龙点睛的作用。如：
As far as I am concerned./As for me, we should take strong measures to deal with the problem. On the one hand…On the other hand…Only in this way can we solve the problem of…
在看图写作过程中，无论哪一部分都要蜻蜓点水似的点到。切忌顾此失彼，写得出的地方使劲写，写不出的地方避开它，会最终导致遗漏内容而失分。简述图片，发表感想，简短结论，各个部分既要有自己独立的内容，又要自然联成一休，结合起来表达一个完整的主题。即“开头——发展——结局”或“概括——分析——结论”。
常见的3种看图作文的写法：
★组图
组图通常呈现一件事情发生的始末，考生要根据几幅图的先后顺序介绍事情的全过程。有时需要发表考生个人的感想。写作时，要根据主题的需要来概括每幅图的写作要点，一定要分清主要内容和次要内容，必写内容和非必写内容。
例：假设你是白云中学高三一班的学生李华，为校刊英语园地写一篇题为 “Our Social Practice Activity”的英文稿件。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，叙述上周你们班从准备参观首都博物馆到参观结束的完整过程。 注意： 词数不少于150。 提示词： 讲解员 guide 脸谱 a paint mask
剪纸 papercuts One possible version： Our Social Practice Activity
Our class visited the Capital Museum last week，and it is one of the most impressive social practice activities since high school.
Last Thursday before our visit, my classmates and I searched for as much information as possible through the Internet，such as its location and the latest exhibitions and shows.
On Friday morning we gathered at the entrance at nine o'clock，and then a beautiful guide showed us around the exhibition on the traditional buildings in Beijing, where we learned the development of our city architecture. After that，we got to know our folk culture by watching the digital film and learning to make some papercuts and paint masks in DIY area. Before we left at twelve, we also went to the craft show that I was interested in.
The capital Museum is very large and attractive and the activities there aroused our great excitement and interest in our traditional culture and custom. We enjoyed the visit so much that most of my classmates decided to come again later.
The story took place 时间和地点.
事件起因(要点一，图片一的内容).
事件的发展(要点二、三……，图片二、三……的内容). 事件结局(最后一个要点，最后一张图片的内容)
From the story, I feel自己的看法或感想．
★对比图
对比图通常是提供两到三张图画，考生应对图画进行全面而细致的研究，除了掌握每一幅图画的信息，还应该对图画之间的相应联系或彼此之间的差异有所理解，从而在整体上把握图画所传达的信息。这种命题形式主要是考查考生描写和议论的表达能力。 例：(2011·福建卷)为纪念汶川大地震三周年，某英文报发起关于灾区新貌的征文活动。请根据以下图片提示，以“Great Changes”为题，用英语写一篇短文应征。内容要点如下：
1. 某中学灾后三年来的变化，如教学与活动场所，以及师生精神面貌等；
2. 发生变化的原因；
3. 你的感想。 注意： 1. 短文标题与开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 可根据图片提示适当发挥； 3. 词数：120左右。 思路点拨：本篇书面表达是一篇看图作文。要求学生描述汶川大地震灾后三年来的变化，上面两幅图实质上是前后对比图。第一幅图是发生地震时的情景，我们可以看到楼房倒塌，财产受损，满目疮痍。第二幅图是重建后的情景。我们可以看到教学楼，实验楼在废墟上拔地而起，师生在新建的校园里愉快地生活和学习。第三幅图描述的是在一张中国地图上伸出很多只手，寓意全国人民伸出援助之手帮助灾区重建家园，这实际上是灾区发生变化的根本原因。感受部分属开放性写作，考生可从“众人拾柴火焰高”、“团结就是力量”、“一方有难，八方支援”等角度来发挥。可按题目提供的内容要点来安排写作顺序。写作时要注意详略得当，重点突出，应重点描述灾后的变化及变化的原因。 【参考答案】 Great_Changes
I am deeply impressed by the great changes that have taken place in the school over the past three years.
On May 12, 2008, a severe earthquake destroyed almost everything in the school, leaving badlydamaged buildings. It is now, however, taking on a new look. Tall buildings have been put up, including classroom and laboratory buildings, and a library. There is also a newlybuilt standard playground. In the new environment, teachers and students are living happily and working hard. It is really amazing that the onceruined place has now been turned into a beautiful school, full of life. Obviously, without the help of the whole society, there would be no new school today. It is love and concern that have brought about the great changes. Many hands make light work. We can work wonders if we unite as a family, caring for each other and helping those in need. Union is strength.
作文主题 have taken place in地点since时间．
In the past, 描述过去的情景(图片一的内容). But now our village/school/city is taking on a new look. 描述现在的情景(图片二的内容).
There are many reasons for 作文主题. First, 第一个理由. Second, 第二个理由. Third, 第三个理由 …Last but not the least, 最后一个理由.
I think自己的感想．
★单张图画
单张图画通常是提供一幅图画(一般是漫画)并配以一定的文字提示。考生要仔细观察图画所传达的表面信息，结合文字提示，还要能深刻挖掘该幅图画所表达的深层含义，即现实意义。这种命题形式主要是考查考生说明和议论的表达能力。
例：(2011·江苏卷)下面这幅照片展现了女儿为回家的妈妈拿包的情景。请根据你对这幅照片的理解用英语写一篇短文。
你的短文应包含以下内容：
1．描述照片内容，如情景、人物、动作，等等；
2．结合自身实际，谈谈你的感想；
3．举例说明你能为家长减负做些什么。 注意： 1. 可参照图中文字及下面文章开头所给提示，作必要的发挥想象。 2. 词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。 3. 作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。 思路点拨：本文为看图作文，考查角度独到新颖(为家长减负)，主题是孝敬父母。描述图片内容时应使用第三人称，在写自己的感想和减负措施时应用第一人称。短文基本时态应为一般现在时。可按题目提供的内容来安排写作顺序。文章可分为三个部分：(1)描述图片内容；(2)自己的感想；(3)举例说明自己为家长减负可做的事情。后两个部分为开放性写作，考生可根据自己的生活体验来自由发挥。 【参考答案】
The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.
The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet her working mom. Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day's work, the girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder. In response, the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels. 【参考答案】
All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing whatever she could to let me have the best. But, totally engaged in my own study, I seldom pay attention to what mother needs and feels, and always think studying well is the only thing I could do in return. Now I know I can do my bit to help with the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at least prepare breakfast myself, so as to share mother's daily burden. The picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student.
As can be seen in the picture, 图画内容. The picture tells us概括图片大意．
The implied meaning of this picture should be taken into consideration seriously. To begin with, 揭示含义/原因/结果一. Second, 揭示含义/原因/结果二.
In my opinion/ As for me, we should take some measures to deal with the problem. First we should具体措施一. Second, we must具体措施二. Only in this way can we solve the problem of 图画内容． 【基础练习】 第一步：图片所反映的问题 1．冬天正在消失。 Winter is disappearing.