2016届广东潮阳实验学校高考英语冲刺练习（10）

　　2016届潮阳实验学校高考练习()

　　完形填空

　　Albert Einstein is said to have been asked by a student, “what finding helped you most when you were __1__ the theory of relativity?” Einstein replied without __2__ moment’s hesitation. “Finding how to think about the problem.”

　　The same __3__ is told about Sir Isaac Newton and __4__ other scientists. We have no proof __5__ any of these well-known conversations __6__ took place, but we are prepared to believe that they did, and, if so, that the __7__ was the same one Einstein gave, __8__ this is the “way scientists work and science progresses.”

　　Scientists usually work toward models of the process of structure they are studying. __9__ we have models of the structure of the universe and of the atom, models of the process __10__ which the genetic (遗传的) pattern is passed from one building block of life to _11__ models of the economic system and __12__ on. Some models are mathematical, but a model does not have to have equations (方程) or even diagrams; the __13__ requirement is no doubt that it _14__ an insight (洞察) into the relationships that determine __15__ something works as it does or how it is put together.

　　1. A) designing

　　B) inventing

　　C) revealing

　　D) developing（D）

　　2. A) a

　　B) the

　　C) an

　　D) some（A）

　　3. A) event

　　B) news

　　C) story

　　D) information（C）

　　4. A) any

　　B) more

　　C) few

　　D) several（D）

　　5. A) that

　　B) since

　　C) which

　　D) as（A）

　　6. A) naturally

　　B) actually

　　C) eventually

　　D) regularly（B）

　　7. A) question

　　B) answer

　　C) conversation

　　D) topic（B）

　　8. A) although

　　B) because

　　C) unless

　　D) once（B）

　　9. A) Otherwise

　　B) Nevertheless

　　C) Still

　　D) Thus（D）

　　（A）10. A) for

　　B) by

　　C) on

　　D) to（B）

　　11. A) either

　　B) other

　　C) both

　　D) another（D）

　　12. A) so

　　B) later

　　C) further

　　D) straight（A）

　　13. A) urgent

　　B) important

　　C) original

　　D) unnecessary（B）

　　14. A) provide

　　B) will provide

　　C) provided

　　D) is provided（A）

　　15. A) when

　　B) what

　　C) why

　　D) whether（C）

　　语法填空

　　Patricia Pania wanted to be was a mother and home-maker. But 16.___________ life was turned upside down when a motorist, 17._____________(distract) by his cell phone, ran a stop sign and crashed into the side of her car. The impact killed her 2-year-old daughter. Four months later, Pania reluctantly but 18.____________ (courage) decided to try to educate the public and to fight 19. ______________ laws to ban drivers from using cell phones 20. _____________ a car is moving. In her first speech, Pania was visibly trembling and her voice was soft and uncertain. But as she got into her speech, a dramatic 21. ________________(transform) took place. She stopped 22. _____________ (shake) and spoke with 23. _____________ strong voice. For the rest of her talk, she was a forceful and compelling speaker. She wanted everyone in the audience to know 24. _____________ she knew without having to learn it from a personal tragedy. Many in the audience were moved to tears and to action. In subsequent presentations, Pania gained reputation 25. _____________ a highly effective speaker.

　　阅读

　　A

　　Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes (运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.

　　The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find a flaw (缺陷) in themselves.

　　Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters’ performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.

　　26. An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is ________.

　　A) to make sports less competitive

　　B) to make sports more challenging

　　C) to reduce their mental stress

　　D) to increase their sense of success（C）

　　27. According to the passage sport is positive for young people because ________.

　　A) it can help them learn more about society

　　B) it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves

　　C) it enables them to find flaws in themselves

　　D) it can provide them with valuable experiences（D）

　　28. Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes ________.

　　A) without realizing criticism may destroy their self confidence

　　B) in order to make them remember life’s lessons

　　C) believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development

　　D) so as to put more pressure on them（A）

　　29. According to the passage parents and coaches should ________.

　　A) help children to win every game

　　B) pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports

　　C) enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports

　　D) train children to cope with stress（B）

　　30. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is ________.

　　A) to persuade young children not to worry about criticism

　　B) to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children

　　C) to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement

　　D) to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout（B）

　　B

　　About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked: “So, how have you been?” And the boy—who could not have been more than seven or eight years old—replied. “Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little depressed lately.”

　　This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed” until we were in high school.

　　The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.

　　Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists, Why?

　　Human development is based not only on innate (天生的) biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social rote to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.

　　In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation (揭示) machine has been installed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television, Television passes information, and indiscriminately (不加区分地), to all viewers alike, be they children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures.

　　Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practices. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.

　　31. According to the author, feeling depressed is ________.

　　A) a sure sign of a psychological problem in a child

　　B) something hardly to be expected in a young child

　　C) an inevitable has of children’s mental development

　　D) a mental scale present in all humans, including children（B）

　　32. Traditionally, a child is supposed to learn about the adult world ________.

　　A) through contact with society

　　B) gradually and under guidance

　　C) naturally and by biological instinct

　　D) through exposure to social information（B）

　　33. The phenomenon that today’s children seem adult like is attributed by the author to ________.

　　A) the widespread influence of television

　　B) the poor arrangement of teaching content

　　C) the fast pace of human intellectual development

　　D) the constantly rising standard of living（A）

　　34. Why is the author in favor of communication through print for children?

　　A) It enables children to gain more social information.

　　B) It develops children’s interest in reading and writing.

　　C) It helps children to memorize and practice more.

　　D) It can control what children are to learn.（D）

　　35. What does the author think of the change in today’s children?

　　A) He feels amused by chair premature behavior.

　　B) He thinks it is a phenomenon worthy of note.

　　C) He considers it a positive development.

　　D) He seems to be upset about it.（B）

　　C

　　Psychiatrists (精神病专家) who work with older parents say that maturity can be an asset in child rearing-older parents are more thoughtful, use less physical discipline and spend more time with their children. But raising kids takes money and energy. Many older parents find themselves balancing their limited financial resources, declining energy and failing health against the growing demands of an active child. Dying and leaving young children is probably the older parents’ biggest, and often unspoken, fear. Having late-life children, says an economics professor, often means parents, particularly fathers, “end up retiring much later.” For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream.

　　Henry Metcalf, a 54-year-old journalist, knows it takes money to raise kids. But he’s also worried that his energy will give out first. Sure, he can still ride bikes with his athletic fifth grader, but he’s learned that young at heart doesn’t mean young. Lately he’s been taking afternoon naps (午睡) to keep up his energy. “My body is aging,” says Metcalf. “You can’t get away from that.”

　　Often, older parents hear the ticking of another kind of biological clock. Therapists who work with middle-aged and older parents say fears about aging are nothing to laugh at. “They worry they’ll be mistaken for grandparents, or that they’ll need help getting up out of those little chairs in nursery school,” says Joann Galst, a New York psychologist. But at the core of those little fears there is often a much bigger one: “that they won’t be alive long enough to support and protect their child,” she says.

　　Many late-life parents, though, say their children came at just the right time. After marrying late and undergoing years of fertility (受孕) treatment, Marilyn Nolen and her husband. Randy, had twins. “We both wanted children,” says Marilyn, who was 55 when she gave birth. The twins have given the couple what they desired for years, “a sense of family.” Kids of older dads are often smarter, happier and more sociable because their fathers are more involved in their lives. “The dads are older, more mature,” says Dr. Silber, “and more ready to focus on parenting.”

　　36. Why do psychiatrists regard maturity as an asset in child rearing?

　　A) Older parents are often better prepared financially.

　　B) Older parents can take better care of their children.

　　C) Older parents are usually more experienced in bringing up their children.

　　D) Older parents can better balance their resources against children’s demands.（C）

　　37. What does the author mean by saying “For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream” (Lines 7-8, Para. 1)?

　　A) They are reluctant to retire when they reach their retirement age.

　　B) They can’t obtain the retirement benefits they have dreamed of.

　　C) They can’t get full pension unless they work some extra years.

　　D) They have to go on working beyond their retirement age.（D）

　　38. The author gives the example of Henry Metcalf to show that ________.

　　A) older parents should exercise more to keep up with their athletic children

　　B) many people are young in spirit despite their advanced age

　　C) older parents tend to be concerned about their aging bodies

　　D) taking afternoon naps is a good way to maintain energy（C）

　　39. What’s the biggest fear of older parents according to New York psychologist Joan Galst?

　　A) Approaching of death.

　　B) Slowing down of their pace of life.

　　C) Being laughed at by other people.

　　D) Being mistaken for grandparents.（A）

　　40. What do we learn about Marilyn and Randy Nolen?

　　A) They thought they were an example of successful fertility treatment.

　　B) Not until they reached middle age did they think of having children.

　　C) Not until they had the twins did they feel they had formed a family.

　　D) They believed that children born of older parents would be smarter.（C）

　　D

　　Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is in for an unwelcome surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobiliser (锁止器), and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.

　　The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car contains a mini-cellphone, a micro-processor and memory, and a GPS (全球定位系统) satellite positioning receiver. If the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the control centre to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine being restarted.

　　In the UK, a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves. ‘The pattern of vehicle crime has changed,’ says Martyn Randall, a security expert. He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.

　　Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won’t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition (点火) key. In the UK, technologies like this have helped achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.

　　But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars, often by getting bold of the owner’s keys. And key theft is responsible for 40% of the thefts of vehicles fitted with a tracking system.

　　If the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system will send a signal to an operations centre that it has been stolen. The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal.

　　Staff at the centre will then contact the owner to confirm that the car really is missing, and keep police informed of the vehicle’s movements via the car’s GPS unit.

　　41. What’s the function of the remote immobilizer fitted to a car?

　　A) To help the police make a surprise attack on the car thief.

　　B) To allow the car to lock automatically when stolen.

　　C) To prevent the car thief from restarting it once it stops.

　　D) To prevent car theft by sending a radio signal to the car owner.（C）

　　42. By saying “The pattern of vehicle crime has changed” (Lines 1-2. Para. 3), Martyn Randall suggests that ________.

　　A) it takes a longer time for the car thief to do the stealing

　　B) self-prepared tools are no longer enough for car theft

　　C) the thief has to make use of computer technology

　　D) the thief has lost interest in stealing cars over 10 years old（B）

　　43. What is essential in making a modem car tougher to steal?

　　A) A coded ignition key.

　　B) A unique ID card.

　　C) A special cellphone signal.

　　D) A GPS satellite positioning receiver.（A）

　　44. Why does the tracking system set a 100-metre minimum before sending an alarm to the operations centre?

　　A) To leave time for the operations centre to give an alarm.

　　B) To keep police informed of the car’s movements.

　　C) To give the driver time to contact the operations centre.

　　D) To allow for possible errors in the GPS system.（D）

　　45. What will the operations centre do first after receiving an alarm?

　　A) Start the tracking system.

　　B) Contact the car owner.

　　C) Block the car engine.

　　D) Locate the missing car.（B）

　　第二节

　　信息匹配(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

　　阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。

　　以下是Knox 大学所提供的一些课程：

　　A. German 202

　　B. Modern European History

　　C.Business management

　　*Intermediate language program

　　* 5 nights (Tue-Sat)

　　*Class Time: 7.30-9.30pm

　　*Covers both language and also provides introduction to German culture.

　　*German 101 is required for admission

　　*Cost: $1,100

　　*non-academic introduction to European history

　　*3 nights per week (Mon-Wed)

　　*Class Time:

　　5.30pm-8.30pm

　　*Focuses on historic sites of Europe along with basic introduction to German and French languages

　　*Cost: $900

　　*Business skills program

　　*5 nights per week (Tue-Sat)

　　* Class Time:

　　8.30pm-11.30pm

　　*Learn all you need to know to run your own business. Course ideal for a current business owner or someone thinking about starting their own business

　　*Cost $1,600

　　D. Human Resources 101

　　E.Introductory Economics

　　F. Japanese

　　*Introduction to HR management

　　*5 days/night a week (Tue-Sat)

　　* Class Time:

　　9.30am–12.30pm OR 6.30pm- 9.30pm

　　*provides practical guidance to improve your ability to handle your employees; includes negotiation and conflict settlement

　　*Cost: $1,200

　　*covers the basics required for senior high school and first year university economics study

　　*Twice weekly (Mon & Thu)

　　* Class Time:

　　8.30pm-9.30pm

　　*Text books included in course fee. Recognized by all major national universities

　　*Cost: $600

　　*introductory course to Japanese language

　　*5 nights (Mon- Fri) a week

　　* Class Time:

　　7.30pm to 10.30pm

　　*recognized by all national universities for admission into second year Japanese courses

　　*Cost: $1,7 00

　　以下是拟选择课程的一些学生，请匹配人物与他们所相适应的课程。

　　46. Jason Smith – graduated from high school last year and is now working as a sales assistant in a supermarket. Wants to get promoted but he needs to have better skills at managing people to achieve this. He works from 1.30 pm to 9.30 pm Monday to Fridays.

　　47. Julie Bender – is planning to travel to Europe next year and is interested in finding out more about some of the places she is planning to visit or learning a European language. Prefer to study after she finishes work at 6pm rather than on weekends.

　　48. Hymen Nerdstrom – a senior high school student who wants a course that will help improve

　　at least one of his weakest subjects, modern history and economics. Finishes school each weekday at 5pm. every Tuesday and Thursday evening has football practice until 7pm.

　　49. Ron Woods- works in a music shop Monday to Friday from 9 am to 4 pm. He is interested in studying a course that will give him the skill to successfully run his own business. He also plays in a band every Sunday night which he must attend.

　　50. Jill Seawood – left school without graduating 5 years ago, but is now interested in continuing her education. She is interested in history and languages and wants a course that will not only help her learn more about either topic but will also help her to get accepted into university.

　　第一节

　　基础写作（共1小题，满分15分）

　　以下是关于林书豪的基本介绍

　　姓名 林书豪（Jeremy Shu-How Lin），美国华裔，美国职业篮球运动员

　　出生 1988年8月23日生于美国加州

　　教育背景 毕业于哈佛大学，主修经济学 ，带领哈佛大学篮球队，取得冠军

　　职业生涯 虽然在NBA选秀大会上落选，但在2010年7月21日与金州勇士队签约，加入NBA，成为首位进入NBA的美籍华人。现在已经是NBA 赛场上一颗闪亮升起的新星, 被冠以“林疯子”的绰号。

　　*NBA选秀大会NBA draft

　　*金州勇士队Warriors

　　*“林疯子” Linsanity

　　【写作内容】

　　请根据以上信息写一篇介绍林书豪的短文

　　【写作要求】

　　只能用5个句子表达全部内容

　　【评分标准】

　　句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯

　　读写任务（共1小题，满分25分

　　阅读下面短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的短文

　　On June 7, 1958, Lei Feng wrote in his diary:“If you were one drop of water, do you moisten (滋润) the field? If you were a ray of sunshine, do you brighten the darkness? If you were a morsel of food, do you provide others with nutrition? If you were the tiniest bolt (螺丝钉), do you stay in place and fulfill your duty? If you want to tell others your ideals, do you preach them day and night? When you are alive do you always remember to work hard and realize your efforts will affect future lives and let the world become more beautiful day by day? I want to ask you: What do you contribute to the future? In life you must be a giver and not just a taker.”

　　These words were once the living principle of people in 1960s who were motivated to learn his selflessness, modesty, and devotion. People's lives today are much better, but the "Lei Feng Spirit" has grown apart from us.

　　In October, 2011, two year old Wang Yue——known as Yue Yue——was knocked down by two vehicles in Foshan. As she bled on the narrow street more than a dozen people walked or cycled past her for the next seven minutes before a second truck runs over her. This incident aroused hot discussion about the nation’s apparent moral decay(衰退).

　　[写作内容]

　　以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。

　　以约120个词发表你的看法，内容包括：

　　结合上述材料中的内容，谈谈为什么人们不愿意助人为乐，及解决措施

　　结合自身经历谈谈现代人应该如何发扬“雷锋精神”

　　【写作要求】

　　作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。

　　作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

　　【评分标准】

　　概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。

　　参考答案

　　完形填空

　　1-5 DACDA

　　6-10 BBBDB

　　11-15 DABAC

　　语法填空

　　16 her, 17 distracted, 18 courageously, 19 for, 20 while, 21 transformation, 22 shaking, 23a, 24 what, 25 as

　　阅读

　　26-30：CDABB

　　31-35 BBADB

　　36-40 CDCAC

　　41-45 CBADB

　　46-50 DBECF

　　基础写作

　　Born on 23rd, August ,1988 in

　　California, America, Jeremy Shu-How Lin is an Chinese American, who is a professional basketball player. He graduated from Harvard University, where he majored in Economics. Being a member of the university basketball team, the player made a great contribution to the championship. Though turned down in NBA draft, he signed a contract with Warriors on 21st, July, 2010, becoming the first Chinese American to join NBA. Nicknamed as “Linsanity”, he has been a new star with a brilliant future in NBA.

　　读写任务

　　By comparing a quotation from Lei Feng’s diary with “Xiao Yueyue Incident”, the author draws a conclusion that with the development of living standard, the country has witnessed a decline of social morality.

　　With the fast development of the society, it seems that we are on the edge of losing some good morals which has been cherished by Chinese as an important part of Chinese culture, helping others included. In the first place, the society should be to blame for the decline.

　　The society put too much emphasis on personal interest, money and time, which leads to many people’s unwillingness to give a helping hand to others in need. In the second place, some people are afraid of being involved in troubles. However, tough as the reality is, it is never too late to do something to waken our conscience. As a saying goes, human being are born with good morals. Thus, it is not that people are all cold-blooded, but that they live in such a social atmosphere where people don’t realize the importance of mutual help. Thus, as far as I am concerned, it is education that is to sow a seed of good morals in people’s mind. Not only should education teach people skills and knowledge, but also should lay stress on good morals. What’s more, the government should encourage the public to help each other by rewarding those who help others.

　　A Chinese proverb goes like this：“Do not fail to do good even if it's small; do not engage in evil even if it's small.” To promote Lei Feng spirit, we can first start with small things that happen around us. Giving a helping hand is not difficult. For example, don’t hesitate to give whatever you can to a beggar instead of passing by coolly. No matter it is a coin or a warm smile, you are making a great difference to his life, which is similar to shedding a bright light into a dark room. In addition, your helping hand is beneficial but not enough for a whole society. Things should be done to make sure that you are not alone in helping others. When helping others, you are also setting a good example for those standers-by. Modern communication devices like blogs can also help to appeal to the public to contribute.

　　In a word, human beings are originally good in heart. By gathering every piece of goodness together, we will not be far from creating a harmonious and friendly society.