2014届高三英语一轮复习教案 Book 8 Unit 1 A land of diversity（新人教版）

　　Book 8 Unit 1 A land of diversity

　　Ⅰ.联想记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇以及相关短语)

　　1．means n．手段；方法→by means of...用……办法；借助……

　　2．make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等→make/earn a living谋生

　　3．keep up坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)→keep it up继续努力

　　4．boom vi.处于经济迅速发展时期→booming economy迅速发展的经济

　　5．occur vi.发生；出现→It occurs to sb. that...某人突然想到……

　　6．indicate vt.表明；暗示→show/suggest v．表明

　　7．team up with与……合作或一起工作→cooperate with与……合作

　　8．hire vt. & n．租用；雇用→fire vt.解雇

　　9．take in包括；吸收；欺骗→take up从事；继续；拿起→take off起飞；变得成功→take over接管→take on 呈现；雇用

　　10．majority n．大多数→minority n．少数

　　11．a great/good many许多→a great deal of/lots of/quantities of/large amounts of/a large amount of/a number of 许多

　　Ⅱ.构词记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇及其派生词)

　　1．distinct adj.清晰的；明显的→distinction n．差别；区分

　　2．elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人→election n．选举

　　3．race n．种族→racial adj.种族的

　　4．apply vi.申请→applicant n．申请人→application n．申请；应用

　　5．social adj.社会的；社交的→socialist adj.社会主义者的；n.社会主义者→socialism n．社会主义→society n．社会；社团

　　6．just adj.公平的；公正的→justice n．公平；公正

　　Ⅲ.语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空)

　　1．Since the reform(改革) began, China’s economy has been booming(振兴), but we still need to keep up(保持) our good traditions.

　　2．Once you step out of school, it’s time to make a life(谋生) on your own. You should try to live on(生活下去) by means of(通过) honest work.

　　3．Our city has taken in(吞并) all the villages around because of immigrants(移民) from the countryside. It’s hard to mark out(画出……的界限) the city.

　　4．A good many(很多) graduates applied for(申请) this job but only one was hired(被录用)．

　　5．It occurred(突然想起) to me that I could team up with(与……合作) my friends to support him in the election(选举)．

　　Ⅳ.语境记忆(背诵语段，记忆单元词汇)

　　Apparently a high percentage of American population are from different nationalities and races.The majority are not natives，so their social culture is a mixture.

　　Ⅴ.课文原句背诵

　　1．However，it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.

　　然而，美国土著人有可能在至少一万五千年前就在加利福尼亚生活了。

　　2．When it is your turn to talk, you can show respect by making sure the listener understands what you are saying and is interested.

　　当轮到你发言时，你要尊重听众，确保他们理解你的意思并且对你所说的感兴趣。

　　3．It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA，having attracted people from all over the world.

　　加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州，它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．

　　，I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.

　　(2011·安徽，31)

　　A．Hopefully

　　B．Normally

　　C．Thankfully

　　D．Conveniently

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：令人欣慰的是，我成功地通过了比赛，那些伤痛最终是值得的。根据句意可知我通过了比赛。hopefully有希望地；normally正常地；conveniently方便地，便利地，都与题意不符，只有thankfully(感激地，欣慰地)才能体现出我通过比赛的欣慰，所以选择C项。

　　(教材原句：Made me very thoughtful and thankful for my life today.)

　　2．—Can I come and have a look at your new house?

　　—Yes，

　　！

　　(2011·浙江，17)

　　A．with pleasure

　　B．I like it

　　C．I quite agree

　　D．by all means

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：——我能来看看你的新房子吗？——可以，

　　！既然答应了对方的请求，就应表示许可或欢迎之意。with pleasure别客气，不用谢；I like it我喜欢它；I quite agree我非常同意；by all means当然可以，好的。所以D项的意义符合语境。

　　(教材原句：...these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.)

　　3．It was never clear

　　the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.(2011·江苏，26)

　　A．that

　　B．how

　　C．when

　　D．why

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：那个人为什么没尽快地报道那场事故还没弄清楚。由句意可知只有D项符合题意。

　　(考查单元语法)

　　4．It never occurred to me

　　you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.

　　(2010·陕西，18)

　　A．which

　　B．what

　　C．that

　　D．if

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：我从未想过你会成功地说服他改变主意。that引导了主语从句，前面的it是形式主语，指代这一个主语从句。

　　(考查单元语法)

　　5．The palace caught fire three times in the last century，and little of the original building

　　now.

　　(2010·重庆，29)

　　A．remains

　　B．is remained

　　C．is remaining

　　D．has been remained

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：这座宫殿在上个世纪发生过三次火灾，其最初的建筑现在几乎所剩无几。首先remain为系动词，没有被动语态形式，排除B、D两项；remain一般不用于进行时态，故选A。

　　(教材原句：Some died or returned home，but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.)

　　Ⅱ.完形、阅读——英译汉

　　1．A thought suddenly occurred to Annika，“Did you...You recognized the man in the car, didn’t you？”

　　(2012·辽宁·阅读A)

　　Annika突然有了一个想法“你认出车里的那个人来了，是吗？”

　　2．They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna(稀树草原) elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths(猛犸象)．

　　(2011·湖南·阅读C)

　　他们吃惊地发现，现代森林和稀树草原大象之间就像亚洲象和猛犸象一样有明显的区别。

　　3．Most importantly, make a point of spending quality time with friends and family, and make time to re-learn the art of face-to-face conversation instead of conducting your relationships by means of text messages.

　　(2011·山东·阅读表达)

　　更重要的是，要特别注意和朋友及家人在一起的黄金时光，抽时间重新学习面对面交流的艺术而不是通过短信来建立你的人际关系。

　　4．In December 2008, I was hired as a hotel manager and moved here full time.(2011·四川·完形)

　　2008年12月，我被聘为酒店经理，全部时间就在这儿了。

　　Ⅲ.书面表达——汉译英

　　此外，惩罚绝不是一个帮助他们在精神上和身体上健康成长的明智选择。(by no means)

　　(2011·陕西·书面表达)

　　Furthermore, punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.

　　2．图片中显示，如果这个人愿意寻找其他的可能性，他能找到一个更好的、更有益的方式来实现他的目标。(indicate)

　　(2011·北京·开放作文)

　　As indicated in the picture, if the man is willing to look for other possibilities, he can find a better and more rewarding way to achieve his goal.

　　历年高考热点：thankfully，means，remain，

　　occur，distinct，hire，indicate等的用法。

　　2014考点预测：means，indicate，occur，apparent，

　　hire，team up with，keep up，take in等的用法。

　　1

　　双语释义 n．方式；方法(way)；财富；收入(wealth)

　　学情诊断

　　(1)写出下列句子中means的汉语意思

　　①The move is a means to fight crime.方法

　　②He did not have the means to compensate her.财富

　　(2)用means短语填空

　　①This is a two-year course taught by means of lectures and seminars.

　　②This is by no means out of the ordinary.

　　(3)The water may be carried

　　a pipe.

　　A．by all means

　　B．by means of

　　C．by no means

　　D．by means

　　答案　B

　　归纳拓展

　　by all means当然可以；没问题

　　by means of依靠方法；借助……手段

　　by no means 绝不；一点也不

　　易错提示

　　by no means位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。

　　易混辨析　manner，method，means，approach

　　这些名词均含“方法，方式”之意。

　　manner多指行动的特殊方式或独特的方法。

　　method指有系统、有条理地办事或解决问题的方法。

　　means指为达到某种目的或目标而采用的方法、手段或途径。

　　approach指从事某事的特别方法、途径。

　　活学活用

　　用manner，method，means，approach填空

　　(1)We kissed each other’s cheeks in the European manner.

　　(2)There is no doubt that telephone is an important means of communication.

　　(3)The path serves as an approach to the boat house.

　　(4)We all agree in adopting the new teaching method.

　　2

　　双语释义 v．表明；显示(show)；象征；暗示；指示；指出(point)

　　学情诊断

　　(1)用indicate的适当形式填空

　　①The arrow on the sign indicates the way to go.

　　②The indications are that the economy is recovering.

　　③Their failure to act is indicative of their lack of interest.

　　④The bell indicating the end of the period rang.

　　(2)Long marks on the street

　　that the driver had attempted to brake.

　　A．applied

　　B．attained

　　C．indicated

　　D．distinguished

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：路上长长的痕迹表明司机曾试图刹车。indicate表明，显示，符合句意。apply申请，应用；attain获得；distinguish区别。

　　归纳拓展

　　indicate sth.to sb.向某人指出某物；暗示某事

　　indicate that...示意；表明；暗示；说明

　　indication n.指出，指示；暗示；象征,indica

　　or n.指示者；指示牌；迹象；指示器

　　indicative adj.表明的；标示的；显示的；暗示的

　　3

　　双语释义 vi.发生(happen)；存在(exist)；出现；(想法)产生(come into one’s mind)

　　学情诊断

　　(1)完成句子

　　①It occurred to me to visit my teacher.

　　我想到要去拜访我的老师。

　　②A wonderful idea occurred to him.

　　他突然想到一个好主意。

　　③It did not occur to me to check my insurance policy.

　　我没有想到要核实我的保险单条款。

　　④It never occurs to me that he was only acting a part.

　　我从来没有想到，他只是在弄虚作假。

　　(2)It occurred to me that I

　　the door unlocked.

　　A．left

　　B．had left

　　C．had been left

　　D．was left

　　答案　B

　　归纳拓展

　　occur to sb.出现在某人的头脑中

　　It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想到做某事

　　It occurs to sb.that...某人想到……

　　4

　　双语释义 adj.显而易见的；表面上的(obvious)

　　学情诊断

　　(1)句型转换

　　①Apparently everyone understood that he couldn’t sing.

　　→It was apparent to everyone that he couldn’t sing.

　　②It was obvious that she was really upset.

　　→It was apparent that she was really upset.

　　(2)His proposal is

　　to all of us and you do not need to tell us more about it.

　　A．apparent

　　B．practical

　　C．reasonable

　　D．abrupt

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：他的建议对我们来说是很清楚的，你没必要再告诉我们更多了。apparent明显的；practical实用的；reasonable合理的；abrupt突然的。

　　归纳拓展

　　It’s apparent ?to sb.? that...……?对某人来说?是显而易见的

　　for no apparent reason不知什么原因

　　apparently adv.显而易见地；显然地

　　5

　　双语释义 v．租用；租借(pay money to borrow)；聘用；录用；雇用(employ；take on)；临时雇用；n.租借；租用；租赁

　　学情诊断

　　(1)用适当的介、副词填空

　　①Bicycles for/on hire,2 yuan an hour.

　　②They have hired their car out.

　　③He hired himself out to whoever needed his services.

　　④Whom did you hire the computer from?

　　(2)There’s a camping shop in town that has tents for

　　at $10 a week.

　　A．hire

　　B．sale

　　C．employ

　　D．repair

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：镇上有一家宿营设备商店出租帐篷，价格是一周10美元。由“$10 a week”可知是租用帐篷，而不是sale出售；employ雇用；repair修理。

　　归纳拓展

　　for/on hire 出租

　　hire sth.from sb.从某人处租某物

　　hire sth.out出租某物

　　hire oneself out ?to sb.?为?某人?工作；受聘于；受雇于

　　易混辨析　hire，rent

　　hire可用来租用设备，多指临时性租用，不用来指出租房屋、土地等；也可表示“雇用”，指按工作量或时间雇用人。常用于hire sth.from sb.或hire sth.out to sb.等。

　　rent用来表示长时间租借工地、房屋，尤其是建筑物类，且偏重租金方面。

　　活学活用

　　用hire，rent的适当形式填空

　　(1)He hired a man to plant flowers.

　　(2)We decided to rent out our house while we were away for several years.

　　(3)He hired a suit for the wedding.

　　6

　　双语释义 与……合作或一起工作(join with sb. to do)

　　学情诊断

　　(1)He preferred to go into business alone rather than team up with(合作) anyone else.

　　(2)The agreement indicates that the two companies will

　　with each other again.

　　A．team up

　　B．turn up

　　C．look up

　　D．pick up

　　答案　A

　　解析　team up with与……合作。句意为：协议表明这两家公司将再次合作。

　　归纳拓展

　　7

　　双语释义 维持(高水平)(continue at a high level)；沿袭(风俗等)(continue to use or practise)；继续保持(continue to remain)

　　学情诊断

　　(1)完成句子

　　①You are doing very well.Keep it up(继续好好干吧)!

　　②The high cost of raw materials keeps prices up(使价格居高不下)．

　　③Should we keep up old customs(沿袭老风俗)?

　　④Keep up your courage(保持勇气)．

　　(2)—Will the fine weather

　　？

　　—I am afraid not.The weatherman says it’s going to rain.

　　A．stay up

　　B．keep up

　　C．come up

　　D．move on

　　答案　B

　　归纳拓展

　　keep up with与某人/物同步前进

　　keep sb./sth. off sb./sth.使某人/物不接近某人/物

　　keep on继续

　　8

　　双语释义 吸收(absorb)；欺骗(cheat)；包括在内(include or cover)；收留(allow sb. to stay in)；改瘦

　　学情诊断

　　(1)写出下列句子中take in的汉语意思

　　①Betty is very kind and takes in some animals.收留

　　②The trip takes in all the attractions along the way.包括在内

　　③The dress is too loose.Try to take it in.改瘦

　　④Don’t be taken in by his words.欺骗

　　⑤Fish takes in Oxygen through the gills.吸入

　　(2)Some insects

　　the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.

　　A．take in

　　B．take off

　　C．take on

　　D．take out

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：有些昆虫可以变成它们周围环境的颜色来保护自己。take on呈现(某种性质、样子等)，符合句意。take in 收留(某人)；欺骗；吸收；包括；理解；take off(飞机等)起飞；脱掉(衣服等)；(观念、产品等)突然大受欢迎；take out取出，均不合句意。

　　归纳拓展

　　take back收回，撤回

　　take off起飞；开始流行

　　take on呈现；雇用

　　take over接管，接收

　　take up占据；从事；继续；拿起

　　1. By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850， it was already a multicultural society.

　　到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第三十一个联邦州的时候，它已经是一个有着多元文化的社会了。

　　学情诊断

　　(1)完成句子

　　①By the time he graduated from primary school, he had learned 1,000 words or so.

　　到他小学毕业时为止， 他已经记住了大约1 000个单词。

　　②By the time our teacher came in, we had begun speaking English.

　　在老师进来前，我们都已经开始讲英语了。

　　(2)—Did you catch the early bus this morning?

　　—No.It had left the stop

　　I arrived there.

　　A．as soon as

　　B．as the time

　　C．by the time

　　D．during the time

　　答案　C

　　归纳拓展

　　?1?by the time＋一般过去时，主句一般用过去完成时。

　　?2?by the time＋一般现在时，主句一般用现在完成时或将来完成时。

　　2. Of the first Spanish to go to California， the majority were religious men，whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.

　　在首批移居加利福尼亚的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原居民传授天主教。

　　学情诊断

　　(1)The mother whose son failed in an exam was very angry.

　　这位她儿子考试不及格的母亲很生气。

　　(2)单项填空

　　①Is there anyone in your class

　　family is in the country?

　　A．who

　　B．who’s

　　C．which

　　D．whose

　　答案　D

　　解析　whose在定语从句中作定语修饰family。

　　②I lost a book，

　　I can’t remember now.

　　A．whose the title

　　B．its title

　　C．the title of it

　　D．the title of which

　　答案　D

　　解析　也可用：of which the title/whose title。

　　归纳拓展

　　?1?whose 引导定语从句，在从句中作定语。翻译成：……的。可

　　以指人的，也可以指物的。

　　?2?whose 指人时，相当于先行词加’s； 指物时，在从句中修饰

　　一个名词，相当于：the ＋名词＋of which， which 指代先行词。

　　3

　　学情诊断

　　用合适的引导词填空使下列句子成为名词性从句

　　(1)Who will attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.

　　(2)I believe whoever takes part in the competition will try his best.

　　(3)Can you tell me what you would like to order?

　　(4)I think that it is unnecessary for me to speak louder.

　　(5)His mother is satisfied with what he has done.

　　Ⅰ.语境填词

　　1．In America，presidential elections are held every four years.

　　2．The farmer sold more than twenty head of cattle yesterday.

　　3．Can you make a distinction between these two points of view?

　　4．The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health.

　　5．There are clear indications that the economy is improving.

　　6．It was apparent that he knew nothing about it.

　　7．She hired a worker to paint the house.

　　8．Every possible means has been tried，but none worked.

　　9．He applied for the job and succeeded.

　　10．I failed to grasp the main points of his speech.

　　Ⅱ.词义猜测或句意理解题——用本单元词汇或句式替换划线部分

　　1．Most of the people living here come from Asia. The majority of

　　2．People still have the customs that date back to 1,000 years ago.keep up

　　3．Because of the policy, tourism is developing fast.booming

　　4．I suddenly realized that I had a meeting to attend.It suddenly occurred to me

　　5．I’d like students to cooperate with each other in English study.team up with

　　Ⅲ.微写作(36)

　　写作素材

　　1．世界上没有其他地方吸引如此多的移民。

　　2．他们遭受了苦难和种族偏见但设法在那里开始了生活。

　　3．同时，他们的风俗被保持下来。

　　4．这就是为什么我们认为美国是多元文化的国家。

　　提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。

　　连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)

　　Nowhere else in the world attracts so many immigrants.They suffered hardships and racial prejudice but managed to make a life there and at the same time, their customs have been kept up.That’s why we think America multicultural.

　　Ⅳ.微语法(36)——表语从句

　　(课外拓展——一个单元突破一个语法点)

　　1．The last time we had great fun was

　　we were visiting the Water Park.

　　A．where

　　B．how

　　C．when

　　D．why

　　答案　C

　　解析　由the last time可知是表示时间，故用when引导表语从句。

　　2．—I’ll ask the teacher about the attributive clause.I’m very puzzled about it.

　　—That’s just

　　most of our classmates have doubt.

　　A．what

　　B．why

　　C．where

　　D．how

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：——我要问老师定语从句的问题。我对它感到很困惑。——那也是大部分同学都有疑惑的地方。表语从句中缺地点状语，故选C项。

　　3．You are sure to know the result，but that’s

　　everybody has finished their work.

　　A．when

　　B．why

　　C．before

　　D．until

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查表语从句的连接词。句意为：你们一定会知道结果，但应是在每个人都完成他们的工作的时候。that’s后面为表语从句，再结合句意知选A项。

　　4．Water，which seems so simple and common，is

　　makes life possible.

　　A．what

　　B．that

　　C．which

　　D．how

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：水，看似简单且常见，却是使生命出现成为可能的东西。is后是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，故用what引导。that不作成分；which表示一定范围中的“哪一个”；how作方式状语。

　　5．The traditional view is

　　we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.

　　A．when

　　B．where

　　C．whether

　　D．that

　　答案　 D

　　解析　that引导表语从句，在从句中只起连接作用，不作任何成分。we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so是一个完整的句子，所以要用that引导。when和where在表语从句中作状语，分别表示“在……的时候”和“在……地方”。whether意为“是否”。

　　Step Three　八股文——模板形成

　　第20讲　提纲类(3)——问题解决型

　　Currently，there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)

　　(作文题目)．It is really an important concern to every one of us.As a result，we must spare no effort to take some measures to solve this problem.

　　As we know，there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem.First of all，

　　(途径一)．In addition，another way contributing to success of solving the problem is

　　(途径二)．

　　Above all，to solve the problem of

　　(作文题目)，we should find a number of various ways.But as far as I am concerned，I would prefer to solve the problem in this way，that is to say，

　　(方法)．

　　即时训练

　　现在越来越多的女士加入了减肥大军，最近你们班就此事展开了讨论。60%的同学赞成，40%的反对。请你写一篇英语短文，短文应包括下表中的内容：

　　赞　成 反　对

　　1.使人身材苗条、漂亮 1.浪费时间、精力和钱

　　2.正确减肥有利于身体健康 2.吃减肥药会损坏身体健康

　　3.坚持减肥有助于锻炼人的意志 3.过分看重减肥的人往往缺乏自信

　　你对它的看法。

　　(内容由考生自己拟定)

　　注意：对所给要点，不要简单翻译，要有适当发挥。

　　参考词汇：毅力perseverance；看重take sth.seriously

　　参考范文

　　As we know，more and more ladies are beginning to lose weight in different ways now.Recently，our class have had a heated discussion about it.

　　About 60% students are for it.They think one can stay slim and look beautiful by losing weight.If one does this in a proper way，it can stop one from getting fat and can keep one healthy.Besides，taking everyday exercise and going on a diet can help to train a person’s perseverance.However，the others have different ideas.They hold the view that it is a waste of time，energy and money.Some often try to lose weight by taking weight-loss pills.As a result，their health gets damaged badly.What’s worse，whoever takes weight-loss seriously often lacks confidence.

　　In my opinion，if one is too fat and often falls ill，he or she should try to lose weight with the help of a doctor.