北京市2014高考英语（新人教版）一轮复习练习手册（19）附详细解析
课时作业(十九) [必修4 Unit 4 Body language](限时：35分钟)One day I hopped in a taxi and we__21__for the airport. We were driving in the right lane when __22__ a black car drove out of a parking space right in front of us. My taxi driver slammed on his brakes, skidded, and __23__ the other car by __24__ inches! The driver of the other car whipped his head around and started yelling at us.
My taxi driver just smiled and __25__ at the guy. And I mean，he was really__26__. So I asked, “Why did you just do that? This guy almost __27__ your car and sent us to the __28__!” This is when my taxi driver taught me __29__ I now call, “The Law of the Garbage Truck.”
He __30__ that many people are like garbage__31__. They run around full of garbage, full of frustration, full of anger, and full of __32__. As their garbage piles __33__, they need a place to __34__ it and sometimes they'll dump it on you. Don't take it personally. Just smile, wave, wish them well, and move on. Don't take their garbage and __35__ it to other people at work, at home, or on the streets.
The bottom line is that __36__ people do not let garbage trucks take over their day. Life's __37__ short to wake up in the morning with __38__. So....Love the people who treat you right. __39__ for the ones who don't. Life is ten percent what you make it and ninety percent __40__ you take it! 【“The Law of the Garbage Truck”】glanced
B. shouted C. nodded D. waved 21-25 CBACD
26-30 BDDAA
31-35BCDBC
36-40 CCBCD
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Ⅰ.单项填空________the experiment right，I tried again and succeeded.and ________．
A．I was nor
B．nor was I
C．I was either
D．either was I
3．—What do you mean by saying that?
—I think you ________ what I had said. I meant no harm.
A．understood
B．misunderstood________about things they are not supposed to know.
A．strange
B．amusing
C．curious
D．satisfied
5．[2012·山东卷] After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope
________.B. provided
C. having provided
D. provide
6．—“Dear Frank, when will our wedding be？”when? God knows.” He said, and ________ away from her, walked rapidly away.
A．turning
B．turned
C．turn
D．to turn
7．The kitchen is often the busiest room in a household, so it's important to make sure it ________well.
A．smoothes
B．functions
C．pays
D．measures
8．Jane's always nervous when she has to make a speech; she must accustom herself to be ________ when she is with people.
A．at ease
B．in disguise
C．at risk
D．in relief
9．People in these countries demand equal treatment for all，________religion or sex.
A．in defence of
B．regardless of
C．instead of
D．in support of
10．Although the couple didn't choose to sleep in the wild instead of in the hotel, it________unexpectedly beautiful.
A．turned up
B．turned out
C．turned down
D．turned around
11．The results of the sports meeting will be ________ on Sunday morning.
A．put away
B．put off
C．put up
D．put down
12．I guess we've already talked about this before but I'll ask you again just________．
A．by nature
B．in return________ to break out between the two countries.
A．likely
B．possibly
C．probably
D．gradually
14．Eric didn't feel at ________ ease in the party，because he was afraid of losing ________a
B．an; /
C．/; the
D．/; /________She is willing to play against any tough players.
A．I think so.
B．I'm not surprised.
C．Of course.
D．Not likely!
Ⅱ.阅读理解increasing hopes of discovering evidence that billions of years ago the red planet hosted life.
The lake, which dates back some 3.4 billion years, appears to have covered as much as 80 square miles and was up to 1，500 feet deep, said the team from the University of Colorado.，” said Boulder's research associate, Gaetano Di Achille, in a study published in the latest edition of Geophysical Research Letters.which appears to have formed about 3.4 billion years ago.”
Analysis of the images has shown the water carved out the canyon(溪谷) in which it was found, which then opened out into a valley depositing(使淤积) sediment(沉积物) which formed a delta(三角洲)．ines is a great discovery to us”， said assistant professor Brian Hynek, adding it showed the lake existed at a time when Mars was thought to have been cold and dry.known as the Noachan epoch, about 4.1 billion to 3.7 billion years ago.
The newly discovered lake is believed to date from the Hesperian era and postdates the end of the warm and wet period on Mars by 300 million years, according to the study.
Scientists believe deltas next to the lake may well hold secrets about past life on Mars as such places on Earth have become the natural deposits of organic carbon and other markers of life.
16．The size of the lake found on Mars is ________．
A．80 square miles
B．1，500 square milesthe weather on Mars was ________．
A．hot and wet
B．wet and warm
C．cold and dry
D．cold and wet
18．Why do scientists think deltas near the lake may hold secrets about past life on Mars?
A．Because similar places on Earth have become natural deposits of markers of life.
B．Because someone has put secrets about past life on Mars there.
C．Because past life has been found in other deltas on Mars.
D．Because some people are said to have already seen life marks there.
19．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A．The Noachan epoch was a wet and warm era.
B．The lake might have existed 3.4 billion years.
C．The discovery can't fully prove that the Mars once hosted life.
D．The lake traces prove that there exists life on Mars now.
B
Yawning is so contagious(具有传染性的) that chimpanzees can “catch” it from cartoons, according to research.
Scientists from Emory University in Atlanta，US, have discovered that a cartoon of a yawning chimp will stimulate(刺激) real chimps to yawn. They describe in the Royal Society journal，，how this could assist in the future study of empathy(同感，共鸣)．The work could also help explain if and how computer games might cause children to imitate what they see on screen.that，” explained Matthew Campbell，a researcher from Emory University's Yerkes National Primate Research Center and lead author of the study.“We're interested in using cartoons for presenting stimuli to animals, because we can control all the features of what we show them，” he continued.he explained that there was evidence that chimpanzees “process animated(动画的) faces the same way they process photographs of faces”．“It's not a real chimpanzee，but it kind of looks like a chimpanzee, and they're responding to that.”including Devyn Carter who designed the cartoons, showed the animals the yawning sequences.
“We also had the cartoons doing other movements with their mouths that the chimps often do，” he said.“The chimps showed a lot more yawning during the yawn video than when the control videos were playing.” colleagues could explain the “very strong difference” they saw was that seeing the yawns was making the animals yawn.
20．According to the passage, the scientists have found that ________．
A．yawning is a contagious facial expression among chimps
B．chimps will imitate a cartoon chimp who is yawning
C．chimps are able to understand cartoons very well
D．chimps like watching cartoons very much
21．According to the passage we can learn that ________．
A．yawning on both cartoon videos and pictures can make chimps yawn
B．Devyn Carter led the study about contagious yawning
C．children will also be stimulated to yawn by the videos of chimps
D．people can control all the features of animals through cartoons
22．By studying the action of chimps, the scientists hope to ________．
A．teach them more body language of human beings
B．learn how chimps use their brains to study
C．control the actions and behaviors of animals
D．create more charming cartoon characters
23．The passage is mainly talking about ________．
A．a serious research about chimps' body language
B．those contagious gestures of animals
C．why children imitate what they see on TV
D．a study about chimps' ability of imitating
Ⅲ.短文填词we say “Thank you”. We may say it many times a day. It seems that “Thank you” is very popular 24.a________ us Chinese students. 25.B________ is it as popular in the UK? The answer is “no”. According to a 26.________ ( 最近的)study in “Thank you” is only the 20th most popular way of 27.________ (表达) thanks in the UK. The study ________ that British people tend to say “Cheers” instead. For example, when friends invite 29.________ other for a drink after a basketball 30.________， a “Cheers” may be the best way to say “thanks”. “Cheers” also means “ganbei” in Chinese. You may often hear the word ________ between two good friends. Of 32.________， there are some formal ways to say “thanks” in the UK. For example, when a stranger is especially ________ (有帮助的), they may say “brilliant” or “much appreciated”．课时作业(十九) 考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词作状语。非谓语的否定式是在非谓语动词前加not且其动作在谓语动词动作之前已经发生，故用现在分词的完成式，选A。 表示“某人也不……时”，应该用倒装句型“neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”。 答语句意为：我想你误解了我的话。我并无恶意。 考查形容词辨析。strange奇怪的；amusing可笑的；curious好奇的；satisfied满意的。be curious about对……好奇。句意：孩子们被警告不要对他们不应该知道的事太好奇。 考查非谓语动词。句意：填完表格后，将其放入所提供的信封返回给我们。provide 与其所修饰的envelope是动宾关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，表示“被动和完成”。6．A 分析句子结构可知，and前后连接的是两个接连发生的动作(“said” and “walked”)，因此考查的是非谓语动词，故正确答案是A，现在分词作伴随状语，表分词动作(turning)伴随主句动作(walked)发生。B项把原句and放在第二个逗号后，前后连接三个接连发生的动作，才可以选；C项从时态上可以排除；D项不定式表将来或目的，不合语境。 考查动词辨析。function起……作用，发挥功能，运转。句意：厨房通常是家里最忙碌的房间，因此确保它很好地smooth 使……顺利，抚平； pay 付款； measure 测量。 考查介词短语辨析。at ease轻松，自由自在。句意：简做演讲时总是很紧张；当与他人在一起时，她必须使自己轻松自在。in disguise 假装； at risk 冒险； in relief 欣慰地。 考查介词短语辨析。regardless of不管。句意：这些国家的人们要求平等待遇，不管种族、宗教或性别。 考查动词短语辨析。turn out结果是。turn up出现；turn down 关小，拒绝；turn around 转身。 考查动词短语辨析。put up张贴，符合句意。句意：运动会的结果将在星期日上午张榜公布。 put away 收起来； put off 拖延； put down 放下，镇压。 考查介词短语辨析。in case 以防，万一。by nature 天生地；in return 作为回报；by chance 碰巧。句意：我认为我们以前已谈论过这个话题，但是我将再问一下以防万一。 根据问句中的broken down可知，这两国间有可能发生武装冲突。be likely to do sth 很可能会做某事。注意：四个选项中，只有likely是形容词，在这里用作表语。 考查冠词的用法。at ease(舒适、快活、自由自在)和lose face(丢脸)都是固定搭配，名词前均不加冠词。 考查交际用语。句意：“她会介意与她之前的队友们对垒吗？”“不会！她喜欢与任何强劲的选手比赛。”I think so.我想是这样的。I'm not surprised.一点也不奇怪。Of course.当然。Not likely！(大概)不会！此处表示不介意，所以选择D。本文记述了美国科学家对火星的探索情况。 细节理解题。根据第二段可知答案为A项。 细节理解题。根据第六段中…it showed the lake existed at a time when Mars was thought to have been cold and dry.可知答案为C。 细节理解题。由原文最后一句可直接得出答案。 推理判断题。由第一段内容可知火星上湖岸线的发现只是增加了人们发现亿万年前火星上曾经存在生命证据的研究表明，黑猩猩会模仿动画片中黑猩猩的打呵欠动作，如果能充分利用黑猩猩的这种模仿能力，人类对动物行为的控制将取得重大突破。 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知黑猩猩看到动画片中打呵欠的黑猩猩时，会进行模仿。 细节理解题。根据第五段后半部分中的内容可知无论是动画片中还是图片中的打呵欠动作都可以让黑猩猩打呵欠。 推理判断题。黑猩猩看到动画片中打呵欠的黑猩猩后会进行模仿，第四段的后半部分提到科学家可以控制所有的播放内容，由此可推断科学家希望通过研究黑猩猩的模仿行为来控制动物的行为和举止。 主旨大意题。本文是一篇研究报道，第一段是文章的中心段，根据该段内容可知文章是关于黑猩猩模仿能力的一项研究。 25.But 26.recent 27.expressing 29.each 30.game/match 31.spoken/said 33.helpful
课后阅读----------The power of the press 资讯报道的威力
In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the ress are rightly condemned. However, this freedom can easily be abused. Stories about people often attract far more public attention than political events. Though we may enjoy reading about the lives of others, it is extremely doubtful whether we would equally enjoy reading about ourselves. Acting on the contention that facts are sacred, reporters can cause untold suffering to individuals by publishing details about their private lives. Newspapers exert such tremendous influence that they can not only bring about major changes to the lives of ordinary people but can even overthrow a government.
The story of a poor family that acquired fame and fortune overnight, dramatically illustrates the power of the press. The family lived in Aberdeen, a small town of 23, 000 inhabitants in South Dakota. As the parents had five children, life was a perpetual struggle against poverty. They were expecting their sixth child and were faced with even more pressing economic problems. If they had only had one more child, the fact would have passed unnoticed. They would have continued to struggle against economic odds and would have lived in obscurity. But they suddenly became the parents of quintuplets, four girls and a boy, an event which radically changed their lives. The day after the birth of the five children, an aeroplane arrived in Aberdeen bringing sixty reporters and photographers.
The rise to fame was swift. Television cameras and newspapers carried the news to everyone in the country. Newspapers and magazines offered the family huge sums for the exclusive rights to publish stories and photographs. Gifts poured in not only from unknown people, but from baby food and soap manufacturers who wished to advertise their products. The old farmhouse the family lived in was to be replaced by a new ＄500, 000 home. Reporters kept pressing for interviews so lawyers had to be employed to act as spokesmen for the family at press conferences. While the five babies were still quietly sleeping in oxygen tents in a hospital nursery, their parents were paying the price for fame. It would never again be possible for them to lead normal lives. They had become the victims of commercialization, for their names had acquired a market value. Instead of being five new family members, these children had immediately become a commodity.
在民主国家里，任何限制资讯自由的企图都理所当然地受到谴责。然而，这种自由很容易被滥用。常人轶事往往比政治事件更能引起公众注意。我们都喜欢看关于别人生活的报道，但是否同样喜欢看关于自己生活的报道，就很难说了。记者按事实至上的论点行事，发表有关别人私生活的细节，有时会给当事人造成极大的痛苦。资讯具有巨大的威力。它们不仅可以给寻常人家的生活带来重大的变化，甚至还能推翻一个政府。
下面这户穷人一夜之间出名发财的故事戏剧性地说明了资讯报道的威力。这户人家住在南达科他州一个人口为23，000的小镇上，镇名为阿拜丁。家里已有5个孩子，全家人常年在贫困中挣扎。第6个孩子即将问世，他们面临着更为严峻的经济问题。如果他们只是添了1个孩子，这件事本来就不会引起任何人的注意。这家人会继续为克服经济上的拮据而奋斗，并默默无闻地活下去。但是他们出人意料地生了个五胞胎，4女1男。这事使他们的生活发生了根本的变化。五胞胎降生第二天，一架飞机飞抵阿拜丁，随机带来60名记者与摄影师。
这一家迅速出了名。电视摄像机和报纸把消息传送到全国。报纸、杂志出高价向他们购买文字、图片的独家报道权。不但素昧平生的人寄来了大量的礼物，而且婴儿食品、婴儿肥皂制造厂商为了替自己产品做广告也寄来了大量的礼物。这家人住的旧农舍将由一座价值50万美元的新住宅所取代。由于记者纷纷要求会见，他们不得不请了律师充当他们家的发言人举行记者招待会。眼下，五胞胎还静静地躺在医院婴儿室的氧气帐里，他们的父母却为这名声付出了代价，他们再也无法过正常的生活。他们成了商业化的受害者，因为他们的名字具有了市场价值。这些孩子立即成了商品，而不是5个新的家庭成员。
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