Unit 4 Wildlife protection
.单项填空
1．(2014·陕西五校二模)His explanation that he is at________loss what to do next doesn’t hold________water.
A．a；/ B．a；the
C．the；/D．/；/
2．(2014·银川一中质检)Little Johnny felt the bag，curious to know what it________.
A．collectedB．contained
C．loadedD．saved
3．(2014·焦作质检)The film Lost in Thailand________a great success and brought in a large profit to the cinema.
A．appreciatedB．seized
C．wonD．enjoyed
4．(2014·福建高三第二次联考)China’s labor supply will continue to rise，despite the fact that the workingage population________.
A．has decrease
B．was decreasing
C．will be decreasingD． is decreasing
5．(2014·山东实验中学一模)With his attention________on his mobile phone，he didn’t notice his headteacher’s appearance.
A．fixedB．having fixed
C．fixingD．to fix
6．(2014·安徽新余市模拟)Recently stock prices have been falling________because of the influence of the global financial crisis.
A．sharplyB．absolutely
C．narrowlyD．universally
7．(2014·宁波十校联考)The weather is concerned with all of us because it________us so directly—what we wear，what we do，and even how we feel.
A．movesB．guides
C．affectsD．benefits
8．(2014·宁波一模) The headmaster has retired but no one knows who will________him in the post.
A．follow
B．succeed
C．remove
D．achieve
9．We complained to the travel agency about the horrible service during our trip，but no one has________by now.
A．responded B．deserved
C．recovered
D．survived
10．(2014·济宁检测)—Why don’t we choose that road to save time?
—The bridge to it________.
A．has repairedB．is repaired
C．is being repairedD．will be repaired
11．(2014·郑州一检)—Who is late for class again?
—________you ask？Tim，of course.
A．CanB．Would
C．CouldD．Need
12．(2014·厦门适应性考试)Mr Wang must have watched the film So Young last night，________？
A．mustn’t he
B．hasn’t he
C．didn’t he
D．needn’t he
13．(2014·河南豫北三校高三下学期联考)—May I go and play with Dick this afternoon，Mum?
—No，you can’t go out________your work is being done.
A．beforeB．until
C．asD．the moment
14．(2014·辽宁大连高三双基测试)—When choosing furniture，you only focus on function while I think more about the design.
—That’s________we differ.
A．how B．what
C．which D．where
15．(2014·江西南昌两校第四次联考)—Don’t worry.I had a license years ago.I’m not green.
—________！I’ll tell my daughter that everything is OK on the way.
A．What a reliefB．Congratulations
C．How surprisingD．I’m so sorry
.阅读理解
A
(2014·德州模拟)Some animals will defend their territory by fighting with those who try to invade it.Fighting，however，is not often the best choice，since it uses up a large amount of energy，and can result in injury or even death.Most animals rely on various threats，either through sounds or smells.The songs of birds，the drumming of woodpeckers and the loud calls of monkeys are all warnings that carry for long distances，advertising to possible invaders that someone else’s territory is being approached.Many animals rely on smells to mark their territories or leaving droppings around the territories.Other animals will be warned off the territory without ever meeting with the territory’s defender.
Sometimes，these warnings may be ignored，and an invader may move accidentally into a neighboring territory，or two animals may meet near the border of their nearby territories.When the two animals meet，they will generally threaten each other with visual (视觉的) displays.These displays will often exaggerate an animal’s size by putting up feathers or fur，or will show off the animal’s weapons.The animals may go through all the behavior of fighting without ever actually touching each other.The displays are generally performed best near the center of an animal’s territory，where it is more likely to attack an invader and where retreating becomes more of a choice.
Actual fighting usually only happens in overcrowded conditions，when resources are not enough.Serious injury can result，and old or sick animals may die，leading to a more balanced population size.Under most natural conditions，territoriality is an effective way of maintaining a healthy population.The study of social behaviors such as territoriality in animals may also help us to understand human society.
1．What topic is the passage mainly involved in?
A．What animals’ territory is usually like.
B．How animals deal with different threats.
C．How animals defend their territory.
D．Where animal fights take place frequently.
2．For most animals，what’s their first response to the possible invaders to defend their
territory?
A．Fighting in groups.
B．Threatening and warning.
C．Escaping before being hurt.
D．Asking partners for help.
3．What does the underlined word “exaggerate” in the second paragraph mean?
A．enlarge
B．change
C．shake
D．shrink
4．An actual fight will happen when________.
A．animals meet near the border of their territories
B．the invader enters the defender’s territories
C．the defender notices the invader smaller than itself
D．the living resources are limited in the territory
5．The last paragraph tells us that territoriality has an influence on the________of the animals.
A．communication B．condition
C．population
D．migration
B
(2014·湛江市普通高考测试一)
When you make a mistake，big or small，cherish it as it’s the most precious thing in the world.
Most of us feel bad when we make mistakes，beat ourselves up about it，feel like failures，and get mad at ourselves.
And that’s only natural：Most of us have been taught from a young age that mistakes are bad，and we should try to avoid mistakes.We’ve been scolded when we make mistakes—at home，school and work.Maybe not always，but probably enough times to make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.
Yet without mistakes，we could not learn or grow.If you think about it that way，mistakes should be cherished and celebrated for being one of the most amazing things in the
world：They
make
learning
possible；they make growth
and improvement possible.
By trial and error—trying things，making mistakes，and learning from those mistakes—we have figured out how to make electric lights，to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel，and to fly.
Mistakes make walking possible for the smallest toddler，make speech possible，and make works of genius possible.
Think about how we learn：We don’t just consume information about something and instantly know it or know how to do it.You don’t just read about painting，or writing，or computer programming，or baking，or playing the piano，and know how to do them fight away.Instead，you get information about something，from reading or from another person or from observing usually...then you construct a model in your mind...then you test it out by trying it in the real world...then you make mistakes...then you revise the model based on the results of your real world experimentation...and repeat，making mistakes，learning from those mistakes，until you’ve pretty much learned how to do something.
That’s how we learn as babies and toddlers，and how we learn as adults.Mistakes are how we learn to do something new—because if you succeed in something，it’s probably something you already knew how to do.You haven’t really grown much from that success—at most it’s the last step on your journey，not the whole journey.Most of the journey is made up of mistakes，if it’s a good journey.
So if you value learning，if you value growing and improving，then you should value mistakes.They are amazing things that make a world of brilliance possible.
6．Why do most of us feel bad about making mistakes?
A．Because mistakes make us suffer a lot.
B．Because it’s a natural part in our life.
C．Because we’ve been taught so from a young age.
D．Because mistakes have ruined many people’s careers.
7．According to the passage，what is the right attitude to mistakes?
A．We should try to avoid making mistakes.
B．We should owe great inventions mainly to mistakes.
C．We should treat mistakes as good chances to learn.
D．We should make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.
8．The underlined word “toddler” in Paragraph 6 probably means________.
A．a small child learning to walk
B．a kindergarten child learning to draw
C．a primary pupil learning to read
D．a school teenager learning to write
9．We can learn from the passage that________.
A．most of us can really grow from success
B．growing and improving are based on mistakes
C．we learn to make mistakes by trial and error
D．we read about something and know how to do it right away
10．The author wants to tell us________.
A．what you should do when meeting with difficulties
B．where you can find your mistakes
C．how you can avoid making mistakes
D．why you should celebrate your mistakes
Ⅲ.书面表达
(2014·福建龙岩市一级达标学校联考)
最近，“中国式过马路”成为网友热议的话题。右面的漫画反映了部分中国人闯红灯过马路的现象。请根据漫画内容用英语写一篇短文。
内容要求：1.描述漫画的内容；
2．分析出现这种现象的原因；
3．发表个人观点。
注意：1.短文标题与开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2．考生可适当发挥，使文章内容充实，连贯；
3．词数：120左右；
4．文中不能出现考生的具体信息。
参考词汇：行人pedestrian；违规者jaywalker。
Chinese style of crossing the road
Recently，a heated debate arose online in China about the Chinese style of crossing the road.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
课时作业(九)
.单项填空
1．解析： 考查冠词。句意为：他对接下来该做什么感到困惑的解释说不通。第一空at a loss意为：困惑，不知所措，为固定短语；第二空hold water意为“站得住脚，合情合理，说得通”，也为固定短语。
答案： A
2．解析： 句意为：小约翰尼摸了一下袋子，想知道里面装着什么东西。collect收集，搜集；contain含有，装有；load装载；save节省。
答案： B
3．解析： 考查动词辨析。句意为：《泰appreciate欣赏，感激；seize抓住；win赢得，指赢得比赛、奖励、胜利等，不可以与a great success连用；enjoy拥有，享有。根据句意可知答案为D。
答案： D
4．解析： 考查时态。句意为：中国的劳动力供给将继续增长，尽管处于工作年龄段的人口在减少。由the fact可知，此处指现阶段正在发生的事，应用现在进行时。
答案： D
5．解析： 考查with的复合结构。句意为：他只顾看自己的手机，没有注意到班主任老师的出现。“with＋名词/代词＋分词/形容词/副词/介词短语”为with的复合结构，在句子中作状语，表行为方式、伴随、时间等。固定搭配：fix one’s attention on sth.集中注意力于，为固定搭配，本题中attention与fix构成动宾关系，故应用过去分词。
答案： A
6．解析： 考查副词辨析。句意为：受全球经济危机的影响，最近股票价格急剧下跌。A.锋利地，敏锐地，急剧地；B.绝对地；C狭窄地，勉强地；D.全体地，无一例外地。根据题干中“global financial crisis”可知，此处指股票下跌。
答案： A
7．解析： 考查动词词义。句意为：天气与我们息息相关，它对我们有着直接的影响，如：我们的穿衣，我们的行为，甚至我们的感觉。affect影响，与句意相符。
答案： C
8．解析： 句意为：校长已经退休了，但是没人知道谁将接任他的职位。succeed继承；接任，符合句意。follow跟随；紧跟；remove免职；罢免；achieve取得。
答案： B
9．解析： 句意为：我们向旅行社投诉旅行途中糟糕的服务，但是到现在还没有人对此作出回应。respond答复；响应，符合句意。deserve值得；recover康复；痊愈；survive存活下来，幸存。
答案： A
10．解析： 考查时态和语态。句意为：——我们为什么不选那条路以节省时间呢？——通往那条路的桥正在维修。桥正在被维修，故用现在进行时的被动语态。
答案： C
11．解析： 考查情态动词。由第一句“谁又上课迟到了”及空后的答语“当然是汤姆”可知，前一句应表示“难道你还需要问吗”。故用need，即选D。
答案： D
12．解析： 考查反意疑问句。句意为：王先生昨天晚上肯定看过电影《致我们终将逝去的青春》，是吧？如情态动词must＋have done表对过去的推测时，用did构成反意疑问句；根据反意疑问句中的前肯后否原则，所以答案为C。
答案： C
13．解析： 此题容易误选B，误认为这是考查not...until...结构。句中的your work is being done表明“你正在做作业”，as表原因。
答案： C
14．解析： 考查表语从句。句意为：——选家具的时候，你只关注功能而我却更多地考虑它的设计。——那就是我们不同的地方。根据句意可知应选D，where在表语从句中作地点状语。
答案： D
15．解析： 考查交际用语。句意为：——别担心，我几年前就拿到驾照了，不是生手。——我可以松口气了！我会告诉我女儿路上一切都好。A项意为“可以松口气了”，符合语境。B项意为“祝贺”；C项意为“多么令人惊讶啊”；D项意为“我很抱歉”。
答案： A
.阅读理解
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就动物如何保护自己的领地进行了介绍。
1．解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要就“动物如何保护自己的领地”进行了介绍。
答案： C
2．解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Most animals rely on various threats，either through sounds or smells.”可知，答案选B。
答案： B
3．解析： 词义猜测题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，当某种动物发现有其他的动物侵入自己的领地时，会通过视觉上的展示来恐吓对方。它们会竖起羽毛或皮毛，以使自己看起来更大、更强壮。因此exaggerate应为“扩大，增大”之意。
答案： A
4．解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Actual fighting usually only happens in overcrowded conditions，when resources are not enough.”可知，当过度拥挤导致生存资源匮乏时，就有可能发生打斗。
答案： D
5．解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Under most natural conditions，territoriality is an effective way of maintaining a healthy population.”可知，答案选C。
答案： C
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要说明错误是生活中不可避免的事情，我们应该正确对待错误，在修正错误中不断地学习和成长。
6．解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话中“Most of us have been taught from a young age that mistakes are bad，and we should try to avoid mistakes.”可知，C项符合题意。
答案： C
7．解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When you make a mistake，big or small，cherish it as it’s the most precious thing in the world”以及下文的表述可推断，人们在错误中学习和提高，故选C项。
答案： C
8．解析： 词义猜测题。根据该词所在句子中“walking”和“smallest”可猜测，此处toddler应指“蹒跚学步的孩子”。句意为：错误使幼小的孩子学会走路成为可能，使学会讲话成为可能……故选A项。
答案： A
9．解析： 推理判断题。根据第八段第三句话中“ You haven’t really grown much from that success”可知，A项与文章不符；根据第五段第一句话“By trial and error—trying things，making mistakes，and learning from those mistakes”可知，C项与文章不符；根据第七段第一、二句话可知，D项与文章不符。根据第四段中“they make growth and improvement possible”可推断B项与文章相符。
答案： B
10．解析： 推理判断题。文章开头提出了文章的写作主旨，即我们应该珍惜错误。全文叙述了为什么我们应该珍惜并庆祝我们的错误。
答案： D
.书面表达
Chinese style of crossing the road
Recently，a heated debate arose online in China about the Chinese style of crossing the road.As is shown in the picture，a large crowd of people are crossing the road regardless of red lights，which prevents the vehicles from moving forward even at the sight of green lights.
Various reasons might account for pedestrians to run traffic lights.Some people believe it is not against traffic laws and won’t be fined because so many people do it together.Others may argue that traffic lights are not arranged scientifically，so that they have to wait too long before they can cross the road.
In my opinion，the jaywalkers should be severely punished.Most important of all，people should be educated to obey laws from childhood.Start out small and develop a good sense and habit of observing laws.Only by improving people’s safety and law awareness can we create a harmonious society.