2009年考研英语翻译真题及答案解析
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
There is a marked difference between the education which everyone gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the young. In the former case the education is incidental; it is natural and important, but it is not the express reason of the association. (1) It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive. Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity; systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc. (2) Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution. Even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift, the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association under which the world's work is carried on receives little attention as compared with physical output.
But in dealing with the young, the fact of association itself as an immediate human fact, gains in importance. (3) While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults. The need of training is too evident; the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account. (4) Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability. If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is its distinctively human effect we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young.
(5) We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education -- that of direct tuition or schooling. In undeveloped social groups, we find very little formal teaching and training. These groups mainly rely for instilling needed dispositions into the young upon the same sort of association which keeps the adults loyal to their group.
答案解析
Part C
1. 虽然我们可以说衡量任何一个社会机构价值的标准是其在丰富和完善人生方面所起的作用,但这种作用并不是我们最初的动机的组成部分。
2. 人们只是逐渐地才注意到机构的这—副产品,而人们把这种作用视为机构运作的指导性因素的过程则更为缓慢。
3. 虽然在与年轻人的接触中我们容易忽视自己的行为对他们的性情所产生的影响,然而在与成年人打交道时这种情况就不那么容易发生。
4. 由于我们对年轻人所做的首要工作在于使他们能够在生活中彼此相融,因此我们不禁要考虑自己是否在形成让他们获得这种能力的力量。
5. 这就使我们得以在一直讨论的广义的教育过程中进一步区分出一种更为正式的教育形式,即直接讲授或学校教育。
上一篇: 2017考研:历年英语翻译真题(30)
下一篇: 2017考研:历年英语翻译真题(28)
一年级英语Module1 unit6 Mid-Autumn Festival教案
牛津版小学一年级英语上册Unit1 Hello教案
上海版牛津一年级英语教案Unit8 Playtime(总五课时)
一年级英语上册教案Unit1 My classroom第一课时
上海牛津版一年级英语下册Unit9 Revision第二课时教案
牛津版一年级英语上册unit5 Fruit教案(1)
上海牛津版一年级英语下册教案Unit9 Revision(3)
沪教版小学英语一年级下册教案unit1课时4
上海牛津版一年级英语Unit3 This is my mum教案
小学一年级英语下册Unit2 Small animals教案1