2004年考研英语翻译真题及答案解析
Part B
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries. 1) TheGreeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.
Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. 2) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however, who were less eager to deal with bizarre data from “exotic” language, were not always so grateful. 3) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.
Sapir’s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Indian languages. 4) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. 5) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism.
答案解析
Part B (10 points)
1. 希腊人认为, 语言结构与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。
2. 我们之所有感激他们(两位先驱), 是因为在此之后, 这些(土著) 语言中有一些已经不复存在了, 这是由于说这些语言的部族或是消亡了, 或是被同化而丧失了自己的本族语言。
3. 这些新近被描述的语言与已经得到充分研究的欧洲和东南亚地区的语言往往差别显著, 以至于有些学者甚至指责Boas和Sapir编造了材料。
4. Whorf对语言与思维的关系很感兴趣, 逐渐形成了这样的观点:在一个社会中, 语言的结构决定习惯思维的结构。
5. Whorf进而相信某种类似语言决定论的观点, 其极端说法是:语言禁锢思维, 语言的语法结构能对一个社会的文化产生深远的影响。
上一篇: 2017考研:历年英语翻译真题(25)
下一篇: 2017考研:历年英语翻译真题(23)
国内英语资讯:CPPCC National Committee holds 30th chairman and vice chairpersons meeting
真正的可降解塑料袋出现了,是用鱼做的
一些提高恋爱关系满意度的小建议
爱让你拥有一颗健康的心
注定如此
国内英语资讯:Chinas Ministry of Justice holds open-day event
新技术:隐形条形码,能大大提高塑料回收效率
BBC推荐:12月最值得一看的5部电影
体坛英语资讯:Bencic bests Kvitova in WTA Finals Shenzhen group stage
澳大利亚青年网上“自我拍卖”
2019年12月英语四级作文预测:网络游戏
国内英语资讯:Xi meets foreign attendees to Imperial Springs Intl Forum, calls for upholding multilatera
“考研热”为何“降温”?
国内英语资讯:Chinese premier meets Salvadoran president
“存在主义”获选词典网站2019年度词汇
国际英语资讯:Russia, Serbia pledge to boost energy cooperation
体坛英语资讯:Brazilian legends beat Israeli veteran team 4-2 in Peace Game in Israel
又一种温室气体引起科学界注意,含量正快速升高
科学家:纯吃素未必更环保 肉类对地球生物至关重要
When the Semester Ends 当期末来临
国内英语资讯:Chinese, Mongolian FMs hold phone conversation over bilateral ties
国内英语资讯:China supports Palestinian people in restoring legitimate national rights: envoy
国际英语资讯:Interview: African countries should pursue long-term devt projects to achieve manufacturin
求职面试中千万不要说这5句话
关注出境游行为规范 关心国家形象
国际英语资讯:NATO leaders meet in Britain amid rows
国际英语资讯:Smoke-filled skies become new normal for Sydney
新科技:人工智能发展的新方向-让AI怕死
国际英语资讯:Protest erupts in Lebanon following reports about poverty-related suicide cases
调查:韩国小偷比警察“快乐”