1997年全国考研英语翻译真题及答案解析
Section IV English-Chinese Translation
Directions:
Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)
Do animals have rights? This is how the question is usually put. It sounds like a useful, ground-clearing way to start. 1) Actually, it isn’t, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.
On one view of rights, to be sure, it necessarily follows that animals have none. 2) Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. Therefore, animals cannot have rights. The idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is absurd, for exactly the same reason, so is the idea that tigers have rights. However, this is only one account, and by no means an uncontested one. It denies rights not only to animals but also to some people -- for instance, to infants, the mentally incapable and future generations. In addition, it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented to it: how do you reply to somebody who says “I don’t like this contract”?
The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless. 3) It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all. This is a false choice. Better to start with another, more fundamental, question: is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all?
Many deny it. 4) Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. Any regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a mistake -- a sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly be directed to other humans.
This view, which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to chopping wood, may seem bravely “logical”. In fact it is simply shallow: the confused center is right to reject it. The most elementary form of moral reasoning -- the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl -- is to weigh others’ interests against one’s own. This in turn requires sympathy and imagination: without which there is no capacity for moral thought. To see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage sympathy. 5) When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind’s instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.
答案解析
Section IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)
1. 事实并非如此, 因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同认识为基础的, 而这种共同认识并不存在。
2. 有些哲学家论证说, 权利只存在在于社会契约中, 是责任与权益相交换的一部分。
3. 这种说法从一开始就将讨论引向两个极端, 它使人们认为应这样对待动物:要么像对人类自身一样关切体谅, 要么完全冷漠无情。
4. 这类人持极端看法, 认为人与动物在各相关方面都不相同, 对待动物无须考虑道德问题。
5. 这种反应并不错, 这是人类用道德观念进行推理的本能在起作用, 这种本能应得到鼓励, 而不应遭到嘲弄。
上一篇: 2017考研:历年英语翻译真题(17)
下一篇: 2017考研:历年英语翻译真题(16)
体坛英语资讯:Barca, Real both win as 2011 kicks off
体坛英语资讯:King dethrones Selby at Snooker Masters
体坛英语资讯:Henan ends skid, tops Heilongjiang in China WCBA
体坛英语资讯:Ronalidiho receives heros welcome from 20,000 Flamengo fans
体坛英语资讯:FIFA soccer awards presented
体坛英语资讯:OSullivan suffers first round exit at Snooker Masters
体坛英语资讯:Buffon to play comeback match against Catania
体坛英语资讯:Striker Toni joins Juventus
体坛英语资讯:Knicks forward Gallinari sidelined for two weeks due to injury
体坛英语资讯:Struggling Stuttgart, Bremen win at German Bundesliga
体坛英语资讯:Ding beats Williams to reach Snooker Masters second round
体坛英语资讯:West Brom coach interested in Man. Utds Macheda
体坛英语资讯:Ronaldo practises for first time in 2011
体坛英语资讯:China ties Uzbekistan 2-2 to end Asian Cup tour
体坛英语资讯:Higuain has successful surgery
体坛英语资讯:AC Milan, Inter win while Lazio, Roma lose
体坛英语资讯:Real Madrid keep up title race with win in Getafe
体坛英语资讯:Federer reaches quarters of Qatar Open
体坛英语资讯:Barcelona needs away goals rule to reach last 8 of Copa del Rey
体坛英语资讯:Hundreds expected at Australian football player Maurice Riolis state funeral
体坛英语资讯:Corinthians win season opener 2-0 over Portuguesa
体坛英语资讯:Nadal to meet Brazilian Daniel in Australia Open first round
体坛英语资讯:Beckham to train with Spurs
体坛英语资讯:Barcelona cruise to 4-0 win in La Coruna
体坛英语资讯:Ronaldos hat-trick sees Madrid to win over Villarreal
体坛英语资讯:South Korean defender joins Chinese top soccer league
体坛英语资讯:Etoo shines as Inter beats Bologna 4-1
体坛英语资讯:Palmeiras signs fullback Heleno, midfielder Cicinho
体坛英语资讯:Roberto Carlos lobbys for Luis Fabiano at Corinthians
体坛英语资讯:Argentinean Patronelli keeps quad lead at Dakar Rally