2010年职称英语考试真题综合类a级：阅读理解

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　　第四部分：阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

　　第1篇

　　The Iceman

　 　On a September day in 1991, two Germans were climbing the mountains between Austria and Italy. High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height(10,499 feet, or 3,200 meters), the ice is usually permanent, but 1991 had been an especially warm year. The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so the body had come to the surface.

　　It was lying face downward. The skeleton(骨架) was in perfect condition, except for a wound in the head. There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes. The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots. Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark(树皮) and a holder for arrows.

　　Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century , perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I , since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old.

　　With modern dating techniques, the scientists soon learned that the Iceman was about 5,300 years old. Bom in about 3300 B.C., he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe. At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidence, however, tells a different story. A new kind of X - ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder. It left only a tiny hole in his skin, but it caused internal damage and bleeding. He almost certainly died from this wound, and not from the wound on the back of his head. This means that he was probably in some kind of a battle. It may have been part of a larger war, or he may have been fighting bandits. He may even have been a bandit himself.

　　 By studying his clothes and tools, scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived in. we may never know the full story of how he died, but he has give us important clues to the history of those distant times.

　　31. The body of the Iceman was found in the mountains mainly because __________.

　　A. he was lying on the ice

　　B. he was just on a mountain pass

　　C. two Germans were climbing the mountains

　　D. the melted ice made him visible

　　32. What can be inferred from paragraph 2?

　　A. The Iceman lived a poor life.

　　B. The Iceman was struck dead from behind.

　　C. The Iceman was killed while working.

　　D. The Iceman could have died from the wound in the head.

　　33. All the following are assumptions once made about the Ice man EXCEPT __________.

　　A. he was a soldier in World War I

　　B. he was a Swiss womans long-lost father

　　C. he came from Italy

　　D. he was born about a thousand years ago

　　34. The scientists made the deduction that the Iceman

　　A. had got a wound on the back of his head

　　B. had a tiny hole in his skin causing his death

　　C. was hit in the shoulder by an arrowhead

　　D. was probably in some kind of a battle

　　35. The word bandits in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by __________.

　　A. soldiers

　　B. hunters

　　C. robbers

　　D. shooters

　　第2篇

　　The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight

　 　You hear this:No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat. You feel sad:l skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do? Basically you can do nothing. Your genes, not your life habits, determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.

　　Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that, 80 percent of the children of two obese (肥胖的) parents become obese,as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight.

　　How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well,dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous. Jules Hirsch, a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 10 weeks,the subjects lost 45ka on average. But after leaving the hospital,they all regained weight. The results were surprising: by metabolic (新陈代谢的) measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms. Researchers wam that it is possible that weight reduction doesnt result In normal weight,but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non - obese people.

　　Thin people, however, suffer from the opposite: They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims, of the University of Vermont, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months,they ate as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 t0 25 percent. But months after the study ended they were back to normal weight and stayed there.

　 　This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true - each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to pusb the weight back to the range it seeks.

　　36. The first paragraph tells us that our weight is determinede by __________.

　　A. Our eating habit

　　B. Our life style

　　C. Our work habit

　　D. Our genes

　　37. In Jules Hirschs study, the subjects __________.

　　A. showed no health problem

　　B. gained weight rapidly

　　C. were all very short

　　D. lived only on liquid food

　　38. After leaving the hospital, the eight fat people __________.

　　A. attempted suicide

　　B. were back to normal weight

　　C. went mad

　　D. followed the advice of Hirschs

　　39. In Ethan Sims study, the subjects were asked to__________.

　　A. stay in prison

　　B. eat as much as they could

　　C. battle their genetic inheritance

　　D. lower their weight

　　40. Which of the following statements is true?

　　A. Each person wants to eat to his hearts content.

　　B. Each. person has a weight range of 9kg.

　　C. Each person has a natural weight range.

　　D. Each person wants to control his weight.

　　第3篇

　　Food for Learning

　 　In Eritrea, a small country in northeast Africa, approximately 80 percent of the population is illiterate. That percentage is even higher in woman. As in many developing countries, many Eritreans have traditional ideas about the role of women. They believe that women should stay home and take care of the family and should not get an education or look for a job.

　　These beliefs are one of the factors that prevent Eritriea and other developing countries from improving their economic situation. Experience in many developing countnes has shown that educated women have fewer children and have more opportunities for improving their lives and the lives of their families. In Eritrea, in fact, there is great need for improvement. It is one of the poorest countries in the world. For many Eritrean families, getting enough food is a daily problem.

　　To deal with these problems, the Eritrean government together with the World Food Program,has a new program that offers food as a reward for leaming. In primary schools, all the children receive food packages to take home to their families. However, with the new program, the girls receive more food than the boys. This way, parents are encouraged to send their daughter to school rather than keeping them at home.

　　Another govemment program that aims to educate women is Food for Training. Managed by the National Union of Eritrean Women, this program offer food rewards (also from World Food Organiza tion) to women and elder girls who are willing to join the program. Because of the war with Ethiopia, many women are bringing up their families on their own. They often live in refugee camps, with no land of their own and no way to earn money. Most of these women are illiterate and have no skills to find a job. They spend most of their day looking for food and preparing it for their families.

　　The Food for Training program helps the tennagers and women change their lives. If they agree to join the program, they receive a large package of food each month. In return, the women are required to attend free literate classes for two hours every day. When Food for Training classes in two regions of Eritrea, 5000 girls and women joined in the first two months. It is especially popular with teenage girls, aged fourteen to sixteen, who have never had a chance to go to school before.

　　The organizers of Food for Traing also plans to offer other kinds of courses for women, using the same system of food rewards. In these courses, they will teach women job skills and crafts such as basket weaving. These women will not only learn to read and write. They will become aware of what is going on in their country.

　　41. According to the passage, traditional ideas about women __________.

　　A. are rejected by younger generation

　　B. help improve the economy

　　C. hinder economic development

　　D. have little impact on economic development

　　42. The Eritrean govemment is offering extra food to girls in school in order to __________.

　　A. encourage to keep girls at home

　　B. change traditional attitudes towards women

　　C. help girls feed their families

　　D. creat more jobs for Eritrean teachers

　　43. With the Food for Learning program, women get a large package of food as long as__________.

　　A. they attend free literacy classes every day

　　B. they have no land of their own

　　C. they bring up their families on their own

　　D. they live in refugee camps

　　44. The new literacy programs are an example of __________.

　　A. the work of 5,000 women and teenage girls

　　B. the problems with the aid of international organizations

　　C. local and international organizations working together

　　D. the Eritrean govemment working to keep its power

　　45. According to the passage, Food for Training will__________.

　　A. help women better their lives

　　B. encourage women to leave their country

　　C. teach women about intemational aid

　　D. allow women to spend more time at home