要完全做好完形填空,必须在通读全文、把握结构与大意的前提下,根据所提供的选项和句子的结构、语法、语篇等信息,通过逻辑推理、对比等手段最后确定答案。
1、了解大意:所谓了解大意即通读整篇文章,弄清文章的大意和结构,确立正确的背景知识,为填空做好充分准备。完形填空出题时有一条原则:去掉20个空格后不会影响考生对文章大意的了解。考生在阅读时,要善于从文章开头的几句话中把握它的背景、主题或结构,并结合常识判断构建一定的预期。通常情况下,文章开头的一、二句话都是完整的信息,这些句子揭示文章的背景知识或主题思想,考生在阅读中一定要仔细研读,为后面的阅读扫清障碍。
2、初选答案:在填每个空格时,可以从出题者的出题思路着手,初步做出每个题的答案。总的来说,有六种出题思路。A:词义与词形的辨析。B:逻辑关系。C:结构识别。D固定搭配。E:动词的用法。F:介词的用法
3、寻找线索:结合上下文找答案,文章中会有一些信息的复现或重复。
4、回头补缺:如果有的难题一时做不出来,应立刻跳过此题,继续往下做。随着空格变得越来越少,对文章的理解也越来越轻松,有时就能从下文的线索和暗示中找到答案,这样再回过头来填上答案,也未为晚也。
5、核实答案:题目填完后,考生应利用一到两分钟将答案带入原文通读,目的是通过语感来核实答案。这样一来,不仅可以改正填错的词,而且还可以在这一过程中得到启发,把做不上来的题目填出来。
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