第14讲表示召唤的词根citare
学生:昨天的足球比赛上播音员可兴奋了。英文中excite是有兴奋的意思吧?
老师:excite的词根是拉丁语词汇citare(召唤),把excite拆开便可看出它由ex-(=out+citare召唤)构成。
学生:往外召唤什么呢?
老师:对,这种联想就是理解英语词汇涵义的关键。就这个词来看,往外召唤的应该是内心的能量、激情。播音员之所以兴奋,是因为内心的激情被召唤出来。在化学反应中也经常使用excite这个词,是因为要通过化学反应把化学能量召唤出来。
学生:recital好像也来源于citare(召唤),这时它要召唤的是什么呢?声音吗?
老师:recital(独奏)由re(back)+citare构成,有多次反复召唤自己擅长的歌或事的意思。照如此推理,其涵义虽不中亦不远矣。
同根关联词:
cite:(从正文)引用,召上法庭,从某处带来词根:L.citare
incite:刺激构成:in-+L.citare,引伸出从里面召唤出能量刺激之意。
resuscitate:使复活,复苏。构成:re-+sus-=sub-+citare再次召回能量使复活
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