题型概览
自2013年12月考次起,全国大学英语四级考试的翻译部分将由原单句汉译英调整为段落翻译,翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济,社会发展等题材,长度为140160个汉字。
样题分析
剪纸是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术之一。中国剪纸有一千五百年的历史,在明朝和清朝时期特别流行,人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。特别是在春节和婚庆期间,剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间,以增加喜庆的气氛。剪纸最常用的颜色是红色,象征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎,经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。
难点注释
这段关于剪纸的小文章难词较多,长句较多,要想把它翻译准确、通顺,不仅需要考生的单词量和单词拼写过关,而且语法和句间逻辑关系的把握以及中英文转化技巧的运用也很重要。
1.这段文章中比较难的词语有美化、居家环境、婚庆、装饰等,这些词英文中没有明确对应的词,考生在翻译时应该抓住词的根本意思进行翻译。如美化可译为makemore beautiful.
2.分析句子结构,抓住主干。比如,第一句剪纸是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。剪纸是主语,是是谓语,中国最为流行的之一是表语,基本可以断定,本句转化为英文时是一个主系表结构的句子。
3.处理中文里的短句时,要抓住每句的主干,其他短句在翻译成英文时需要转变为定语从句、状语从句等,比如,特别是在春节和婚庆期间,剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间,以增加喜庆的气氛。这句里面,特别是在春节和婚庆期间在翻译时可以译为本句的状语,剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间是句子的主干,以增加喜庆的气氛是本句的目的状语。因此,需要用状语从句和表目的的不定式结构来连接句子。
译文
剪纸是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术之一。
Paper cutting is one of Chinas most popular traditional folk arts.
中国剪纸有一千五百年的历史,在明朝和清朝时期特别流行,人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。
Chinese paper cutting has history of more than 1500 years. It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings.
特别是在春节和婚庆期间,剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间,以增加喜庆的气氛。
During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere.
剪纸最常用的颜色是红色,象征健康和兴旺。
The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes health and prosperity.
中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎,经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。
Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and it is often given as a present to foreign friends.
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