六月注定是考试月,高考的号角声还未作罢,各高校的期末考已呈此起彼伏之势,大学英语四六级考试也要如约而至了,要考四六级的你准备好了吗?最近常听到同学反馈说翻译复习还没准备好,汉译英太难了,搞不定等等,很多小伙伴儿都在发愁翻译。大家觉得翻译难的原因之一是从去年开始四六级翻译从原来的句子翻译改革为段落翻译,篇幅的增加自然导致了难度的增加。其实没那么可怕,因为段落也是由句子组成的,而句子是由词汇组成的,下面四六级考试辅导老师和大家分享下如何从词汇的角度备考四六级翻译,具体而言就是在汉译英中如何选词的问题。
做汉译英时,往往受到英语单词和汉语单词对号入座的影响,用来用去这几个词。例如,一碰到发展,立刻想到的是development,最多能想到的是expansion,很少会想到evolution;一提到进展,进步,马上在脑海中出现的是progress,而不会想到strides;说到推进,促进,就用promote一词,不知道还可以用facilitate,如此等等,不一而足。当然,还需注意不同的搭配。再如短语,十分重视除了可用to pay great attention to; to attach great importance to 等外,还可以用to place something on ones higher agenda;把放在首位除了可用to give priority to 外,还可用to list as ones top priority等。如:
不冻港:ice-free port,open port
公路畅通无阻。The road traffic is normal.
The road is clear.
下面的例子中,前面一个是我们熟悉的表达方式,后面提供的是另一种表达方式:
制度和思想意识:system and ideology/ institutions and ideas
现存制度:existing system/ functioning institutions
投资环境:investment environment / investment climate
市场经济:market-oriented economy/market-driven economy
达成共识:to reach agreement / to reach a shared understanding with/ to demonstrate a collective vision
求同存异:to seek common ground while reserving differences/ to find common ground on a
comprehensive framework
工商界:industrial and commercial circles/ the corporate world
创造发明:ones invention / ones brainchild
领先:to lead in/ to achieve a premier position in
自然资源丰富:to be endowed with rich natural resources/ to be naturally rich
可见,表达同一思想或概念的方式掌握越多,汉译英时就能根据不同的上下文和文体,选择适当的词
语和短语,翻译起来就能左右逢源,游刃有余。例如:
节日里,西湖各景点游客云集。
翻译此句时,往往首先想到的是英语短语:to crowded with; to be filled with, 但还可用下面两个短语来
翻译此句:
On holidays, the scenic spots around West Lake are swarming with / bursting with visitors .
处理好汉译英中的选词问题不仅可以帮助大家在四六级翻译中取得高分,还有助于作文的复习。在距
四六级考试两周的时间内,建议大家每天至少练习两段汉译英,每段文字都本着先翻译再对比的原则,就是先自己翻译,之后对比参考译文,尤其注意参考译文的选词和自己的译文选词差距在哪里,这个差距就是我们应该学习的地方。最后预祝大家高分飘过四六级,让别人伙呆去吧!
上一篇: 12月英语四级考试翻译新题型:针灸
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