第一章 并列平行结构
英语句子最常用的方法是通过使用一些关联词,如 and、or等,或标点符号如:分号,逗号,破折号等,若干个在语义上有联系或相互照应的单词、词组或子句连在一起组成一种并列或平行结构的长句,以表达一个复杂得多层次含义。这种句式虽然难度不一定很高,但在复杂长句中还是占了相当大的比例的.
Classroom :
1. Now,Shaw is exaggerating,but there is something in what he says,and the question is worth following up,for the sake of the light it throws on modern knowledge。
要 点:本句是由并列连词but,and引导的并列复合句。在第三个分句中it throws on modern knowledge是定语从句,修饰名词light,定语从句的引导词that被省略。throw light on sth.的意思是make sth. clear。
参考译文:当然萧伯纳是言过其实了,但他所说的也确实有些道理,这一问题值得进一步探讨,因为它会帮助人们看清现代知识的真实情况。
2.It was mostly he who talked and he seemed afraid to stop for fear shed ask him to leave her by herself.
要 点:这是一个由and连接的并列复合句。And前面的句子是强调句,强调的成分是he。for fear=in order thatshould not happen意为生怕,以免,to leave her by herself=to leave her alone。
参考译文:大部分时间都是他在讲话。他似乎害怕停下来,生怕话一停,她就会请他离开。
Exercise :
1.If you are a man,you can point out that most poets and men of science are male;if you are a woman,you can retort that so are most criminals.
1.要 点:这是一个句型结构十分对称的并列复合句。so are most criminals是倒装结构,most criminals是主语,so是表语,代替male以避免重复。
参考译文:如果你是男人,你会指出,大多数诗人和科学家都是男性的;如果你是妇女,你会反驳说,大多数罪犯也都是男性的。
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