顺序法
顺序法翻译不改变原文表达语序,不会影响对原文内容的理解。
例1 即使在我们关掉床头灯甜甜地进入梦乡时,电仍然为我们工作:开动电冰箱,把水加热,或使室内空调机继续运转。
译文: Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep , electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned.
在句子中,句子前半部分是一个让步状语从句,后半句的开动,加热,使......运转都是电在为我们工作的具体内容。因而在译文中,译者将这三个并行动作处理成了V-ing 形式,补充说明working的内容。译文按照原句的语序完全传达了原文的意思,采用顺序法翻译,达到了精确,通顺的目的。
例2 It was a Saturday evening, when Tom was lying on the bench of the school listening to a blackbird and composing a lyric, that he saw the girls running among the trees, with the red-cheeked Joe in swift pursuit.
译文: 那是周六的傍晚,汤姆正躺在学校的长凳上,一面听画眉鸟唱歌,一面写一首抒情诗,忽然看见女孩子们在树林里奔跑,后面紧跟着那红脸的乔。
原句里一连串出现了一系列的动词如:lying, listening, composing, saw,这是按汤姆进行这些动作的先后顺序来描述的,如果在译文中打乱这些顺序,就反而会显得凌乱,没有逻辑。
逆序法
逆序法根据目标语使用者表达习惯与目标语读者的认知能力,按原文语序反向翻译,以便更好地传达原文的内容。
例3 他经常做礼拜的时候,总坐在固定的座位上,可是那天他们发现他不坐在老地方。
请读者比较下面两句译文,你认为哪一句较好?
译文1:When he attended worship, he always took a certain seat, but they found that he took a different one that day.
译文2:They remarked how he took a different seat from that which he usually occupied when he chose to attend worship.
两种译文都忠实传达了原文内容。第一种为顺序翻译,第二种为逆序翻译。第一种显得有些冗长拖沓,且前后简单句主语不一致,给人表述混乱之感。第二种由于采用了逆序法将原句意思用一个复合句表达出来,内容清晰,结构紧凑。
顺序法和逆序法主要是针对翻译长句而言,六级新题型汉译英题不会涉及此类译法,但作为翻译策略之一,应有所了解。
Exercise Three
1.We wish to convey to you ________________ .
2. __________________,they ought to be given another chance.
3. ________________,.they forgot their bitter sufferings.
4.We must _______________the demands of our times; otherwise well fall behind the other industrialized nations of the world.
5.The number of the students in the city has ___________________ in comparison with 2001.
1. our hearty congratulations
解析:全句意为:我们希望向你表达我们衷心的祝福。主要考查词是衷心的。hearty 表示发自内心的,衷心的,亲切的,热烈的意思。如:a hearty welcome;a hearty invitation;a hearty support某事可以说成:wish to do sth./ wish + sth.
2. Taking everything into consideration
解析:本题考查的是反面表达法。无论从哪一方面考虑即:方方面面都考虑到。考虑的短语表达有:take sth. into consideration /take sth. into account 。因为此句主句已给出,所以take应用现在分词的形式,在句中作原因状语。本句采用反译法,使译文符合英文表达习惯。
3. With the passage of time
解析: 本题是考查固定搭配,时间流逝应译为 the passing / passage of time ,随着应选用介词with,请看例句:We grow older with the hours.
4. adapt ourselves to
解析:本句意为:我们必须使自己适应这个时代的要求,否则就会落后于世界其他工业国家。主要考查使......适应 的用法:adapt to / adapt sb. to,如:adapt themselves to city life;You should adapt yourself to the new environment.。adapt 除了有使适应含义外,还有改编,改写之意。考生也常将adapt 和 adopt相混淆。adopt有采纳,接受,领养之意。
5. increased 6 times
解析:本题考查关于倍数的说法。增加了5倍即增加到6倍。用times与fold表示增加时,要注意英语要多说一倍。如Output of coal increased four times.。
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 8《We are trying to save the earth!》word单元测试题
2015秋牛津深圳版英语九上Unit 1《Wise men in history》word单元试题
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 10《I remember meeting all of you in Grade 6.》word单元测试题
2015秋鲁教版英语九年级上册期末检测题1
2015秋牛津深圳版英语九上Unit 4《Problems and advice》word单元测验
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 11《What’s the highest mountain in the world》word单元测试题
2015秋牛津深圳版英语九上Unit 3《Family life》word单元测试题
2015秋牛津译林版英语九年级上册期中测试卷2
2015秋牛津译林版英语九上Unit 1《Know yourself》word单元检测卷1
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 6《Sad movies make me cry》word单元检测题
2015秋牛津译林版英语九上Unit 1《Know yourself》(Comic strip^Welcome to the unit)word同步练习
2015秋鲁教版英语九年级上册期末检测题
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 12《Could you please tell me where the restrooms are》word单元检测题
2015秋牛津深圳版英语九上Unit 1《Wise men in history》word单元检测题
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 6《Sad movies make me cry》word单元测试
2015秋牛津译林版英语九上Unit 1《Know yourself》word单元检测卷
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 12《Could you please tell me where the restrooms are》word单元测试题
2015秋鲁教版英语九年级下册期中检测题
2015秋牛津深圳版英语九上Unit 2《Great minds》word单元检测题
2015秋牛津深圳版英语九上Unit 3《Family life》word能力训练
2015秋牛津译林版英语九年级上册期末测试卷
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 4《I like music that I can dance to》word单元检测题
2015秋牛津深圳版英语九上Unit 1《Wise men in history》word能力训练
2015秋牛津深圳版英语九上Unit 2《Great minds》word单元能力训练
2015秋牛津深圳版英语九上Unit 3《Family life》word词汇练习
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 5《You’re supposed to shake hands》word单元测试题
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 4《I like music that I can dance to》word单元测试题
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 9《It’s important to have good habits》word单元检测题
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 11《What’s the highest mountain in the world》word单元检测题
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 3《It must belong to Carla》word单元测试题