1. The murderer deserves _______________.
2. _______________encouraged me.
3. I was sorry ________________.
4. In this night,if we can make good use of time,_______________.
5. The government should enforce laws strictly. On the other hand,the public also should ________________.
参考答案及解析:
1. hanging/ to be hanged
解析:本题既可以用V-ing也可以用动词不定式。除deserve外,need,require,want后也可以跟主动语态的动名词,但含义却是被动的。如:Your windows need cleaning.His story requires investigating.Your shoes want polishing.与这类用法很类似的是形容词worth后接动名词,其含义也属于被动。如:Your method is worth trying.The novel is worth reading.
2. Their coming to help
解析:原中文句是一个完整的主、谓、宾结构,但这种汉语语法结构按照字面直接译成英语They came to help的话,就不符合英语语法规范,因为后半句已经出现了谓语动词encouraged,所以这里我们要采用词性转译法,把他们来帮忙处理成动名词作主语的形式。其实,还有一种方法是把他们来帮忙处理成that引导的主语从句That they came to help,在句子作主语。
3. to have missed this film
解析:本题考查了反译法和不定式完成时的用法。没看上这部电影,所以我才感到遗憾,因此动作发生在谓语动词之前,所以要用完成时态。如果用正译法将句子需填入部分译成not to have seen this film就不符合英语表达习惯,没有答案的效果好。
4. there can surely be no doubt that we will succeed
解析:in this light是一个惯用表达,意思是这样说来make good use of指善用时间。如果将原文译成there can be no doubt that we would succeed,就只将毫无疑问译了出来,却没能体现当然。那么在there can结构中当然应该放在什么位置呢?通常surely/ certainly都放在情态动词之后,系动词之前。注意:成功也可以说get somewhere;反之,不成功、一事无成、毫无进展就用get nowhere。如:The new policy will get the company nowhere.
5. develop the good habit of reducing pollution
解析:本题考查词义辨析。培养的英文对应词是cultivate,但cultivate是指通过犁地等来耕作土地或指对人的养育、培育,如:to cultivate a love of art;to cultivate a new generation。句中的意思是说,政府应严格执法,另一方面,大众也应该养成减少污染的好习惯。习惯是要大众自己养成的,而不是说大众要培养什么其他人,所以应用develop这个词,表示逐渐形成,使行为朝着某一特定目标发展。
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