2015年全国各地考研时间在12月份陆续进行,英语网小编将整理发布考研英语历年真题,考生可在考研历年真题栏目中查看,或点击全国考研英语作文与范文汇总,查看历年考研英语作文题目及范文,也可点击全国考研英语答案解析进行查询!祝考生们金榜题名!
英语网随后将陆续为大家带来更多考研英语历年真题、历年考研英语作文题目已范文、历年考研英语阅读、历年考研英语翻译、历年考研英语完型、历年考研英语答案解析等,希望能够帮助到更多的考生。
1995年考研英语翻译真题及答案解析
Section IV English-Chinese Translation
Directions:
Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)
The standardized educational or psychological tests that are widely used to aid in selecting, classifying, assigning, or promoting students, employees, and military personnel have been the target of recent attacks in books, magazines, the daily press, and even in Congress. 71) The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users. The tests themselves are merely tools, with characteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified conditions. Whether the results will be valuable, meaningless, or even misleading depends partly upon the tool itself but largely upon the user.
All informed predictions of future performance are based upon some knowledge of relevant past performance: school grades, research productivity, sales records, or whatever is appropriate. 72) How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. Anyone who keeps careful score knows that the information available is always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error.
Standardized tests should be considered in this context. They provide a quick, objective method of getting some kinds of information about what a person learned, the skills he has developed, or the kind of person he is. The information so obtained has, qualitatively, the same advantages and shortcomings as other kinds of information. 73) Whether to use tests, other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity and upon such factors as cost and availability.
74) In general, the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted cannot be well defined. Properly used, they provide a rapid means of getting comparable information about many people. Sometimes they identify students whose high potential has not been previously recognized, but there are many things they do not do. 75) For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.
答案解析
Section IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)
71. 把标准化测试作为抨击目标是错误的,因为在抨击这类测试时,批评者不考虑其弊病来自人们对测试不甚了解或使用不当。
72. 这些预测在多大程度上为后来的表现所证实,这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适宜性,以及解释这些信息的技能和才智。
73. 因此,在某一特定情况下,究竟是采用测试还是其他种类的信息,或是两者同时使用,须凭有关相对效度的经验依据而定,也取决于诸如费用和有无来源等因素。
74. 一般地说,当所要测定的特征能很精确地界定时,测试最为有效;而当所要测定或预测的东西不能明确地界定时,测试的效果则最差。
75. 例如,测试并不弥补明显的社会不公;因此,它们不能说明一个物质条件差的年轻人,如果在较好的环境下成长的话,会有多大才干。
焦点导航考研英语完型 | 考研英语真题 | 考研英语阅读 | 考研英语翻译 | 考研英语经验交流
考研英语作文 | 考研常见问题 | 专家解读
上一篇: 1994年考研英语翻译真题及答案解析
下一篇: 1996年考研英语翻译真题及答案解析
体坛英语资讯:Ramirez left out of Uruguay World Cup squad
Shouting match?
2018年6月英语四级作文答案:写作能力重要性(文都教育版)
塔利班宣布有限停火
体坛英语资讯:England beat Nigeria at World Cup warm-up match
2018年6月英语四级作文范文:学习旅程
国内英语资讯:China Focus: Qingdao summit to usher in more dynamic SCO
2018年6月英语四级作文范文:关于智力
国内英语资讯:China Focus: China, Kazakhstan agree to work together for respective national rejuvenation
我们需要不会令人上瘾的止痛药
国内英语资讯:Mainland to speed up policy implementation for Taiwan compatriots: top political advisor
国内英语资讯:China, Kyrgyzstan to tap cooperation potential under comprehensive strategic partnership
体坛英语资讯:China takes mixed doubles gold, secures two more gold medals at China Open
Be Helpful to Others 乐于助人
2018年6月英语四级作文范文:申请信
如何预防儿童得2型糖尿病
国内英语资讯:Chinese premier meets Kazakh president on advancing economic cooperation
国际英语资讯:100-year-old food fair opens with a look into future
体坛英语资讯:FIFAs annual awards ceremony to return to London in 2018
青年党袭击索马里哨所,一名美军士兵丧生
国内英语资讯:Chinas top legislator meets with Kyrgyz President Sooronbay Jeenbekov
上海合作组织至2025年发展战略[1]
川普上台又忘记歌词,这次他被喷不爱国了...
朝鲜利用美国技术从事“网络破坏行动”
希腊和马其顿解决长期名称争端
报告指出 网络游戏的女性用户数在逐渐增多
国际英语资讯:Finnish PM tells British PM to find Brexit solution within one week
国内英语资讯:China hopes U.S. will meet it half way: MOC
国内英语资讯:China, Kyrgyzstan agree to establish comprehensive strategic partnership
体坛英语资讯:Pellegrino confirmed as new Leganes coach