英语名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。翻译时大多数可译成相对应的汉语,但也还有一些其它处理方法。下面分别加以介绍:
一、主语从句
1. 以what, whatever, whoever等代词引导的主语从句一般可按原文顺序翻译,例如:
What he told me is only half-truth。
他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西而己
2. 以it作形式主语的主语从句
1) 逻辑主语从句如提前译出,有两种情况:若强调,it一般可译出来;如不强调,it可不译出来。
It doesnt make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not。
他参不参加会议没有多大关系。
It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash。
在飞机坠毁之后,驾驶员竟然还能活着,这看来是不可想象的。
2) 逻辑主语从句不提前,it一般不需译出。
It is suggested that the meeting should be canceled。
有人建议取消会议。
二、宾语从句
1. 用that, what, how等引起的宾语从句汉译时一般不须改变顺序。
I told him that because of the last condition, Id have to turn it down。
我告诉他,由于那最后一个条件,我只得谢绝。
2. 用it作形成宾语的句子,that宾语从句可按原文顺序译出,it可不译。
I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 oclock in the morning。
我向他们讲清楚了的,他们必须在上午十时前交卷。
三. 表语从句
与宾语从句一样,一般可按原文顺序译出:
His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him。
他对资讯界的看法是,记者们不是支持他,就是反对他。
四. 同位语从句
1. 同位语从句汉译时不提前:
He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again。
他表示希望再到中国来访问。
2. 同位语从句提前译出:
Yet, from the beginning, the fact that I was alive was ignored。
然而,从一开始,我仍然活着这个事实却偏偏被忽视了。
3。用即或冒号、破折号引出同位语从句:
But considered realistically, we had to face the fact that our prospects were less than good。
但是现实地考虑一下,我们不得不正视这样的事实:我们的前景并不妙。
4。单词、短语作同位语的译法:
1)说明身份,称号的英语同位语往往放在专有名词后面,汉译时一般放在前面:
They silently surrounded Tom, a young soldier, in order to take him prisoner。
他们悄悄地包围了一个年轻战士汤姆,企图俘虏他。
2)限制性同位语不须改变位置;
I have been to all the cinemas in this city, big or small。
这个城市的电影院我都到过,大的也罢,小的也罢。
We two like to go there。
我们两个想去。
上一篇: 研英翻译重难点详解:否定句(1)
富养与穷养 Raised In Rich and Poor Way
法国立法抵制“过瘦”模特
食品问题 The Problem of Food
国内英语资讯:Chinas top legislator inspects cross-sea bridge construction, learns locals livelihood i
法国大选出结果,小鲜肉马克龙大获全胜
国内英语资讯:Chinese premier stresses reform, innovation to support development
母亲节在即:最适合跟妈妈去旅游的9个地方
旅游的意义 The Meaning of Travel
国内英语资讯:China responds to DPRK-U.S. contact in Norway
偷礼物的妈妈 A Mother Who Stole the Gift
微信支付与支付宝硬碰硬
国内英语资讯:Xi congratulates Emmanuel Macron on election as French president over phone
国际英语资讯:Trump to decide on Paris climate agreement after G7 summit
国际英语资讯:U.S. President Donald Trump fires FBI director James Comey
奥巴马演讲一场赚40万美元 美国会或立法削减其退休金
国内英语资讯:Chinese envoy calls for enhanced cooperation between UN, EU in world development
国际英语资讯:Abbas says ready to meet Netanyahu for Trump peace efforts
体坛英语资讯:Darmstadt relegate, Dortmund edge Hoffenheim in German Bundesliga
英国女生比男生更想变性 因“假小子”形象受欢迎
Primates at risk and noodle art 灵长类动物灭绝危险,由方便面制成的艺术品
体坛英语资讯:River Plate eyeing Copa Libertadores knockout phase
以蚊攻蚊:千万转基因蚊子即将释放野外
澳大利亚野生三文鱼泛滥 贱卖成饵料
国际英语资讯:Death toll from Mexico fireworks explosion rises to 14
来看看瑞典失败创意博物馆的这些绝世珍藏
国际英语资讯:Iraqi forces recapture new areas in western Mosul
Being super-rich 腰缠万贯
跻身中产阶级必有的10样物品:这B装定了!
健身房的好处 The Advantages of Going to the Gym
上海民办小学“入学面谈”考家长被通报