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GMAT考试写作指导：Issue写作范文五五

　　55. I agree that supervisors should under most circumstances merely tell subordinates

　　what to do, but not necessarily how to do it. Of course, employees need adequate

　　training in order to do a job. But beyond that, trusting employees to discover and

　　develop their own methods for meeting a supervisors expectations can produce

　　surprising rewards that outweigh any pitfalls of such an approach.

　　First of all, restraint in directing the how-to aspect of a project signals the

　　supervisors confidence in an employees intelligence and abilities. Sensing this

　　confidence, the subordinate will often respond with his or her best work. This

　　phenomenon lends truth to the adage that people rise to the level of what others expect

　　from them.

　　Secondly, by allowing a subordinate to decide how best to attain an objective, a

　　supervisor imparts a larger share of responsibility for the project to the subordinate. This

　　alleviates some of the burden from the supervisor, who may have more time for other

　　tasks as a result. At the same time, when the subordinate shares in the responsibility, he

　　or she will probably feel more accountable for how the job turns out. The result is likely

　　to be better job performance.

　　Thirdly, directing every step of a project often blocks a workers own creativity, as

　　well as creating animosity. Except in the training of a new worker with little or no

　　experience, it would be naive and arrogant for any supervisor to assume there is one and

　　only one best way--the supervisors own way--to get a job done. A bright, competent

　　subordinate is likely to resent being led by the hand like a child. Allowing employees to

　　choose their own means and methods will spark their ingenuity in ways that enhance

　　productivity now and in the future, and will foster goodwill and mutual respect in the

　　workplace.

　　In sum, telling a subordinate how to do a job is rarely the best management

　　approach. Instead, supervisors should assign tasks without directing each step. When

　　employees are left to choose methods for completing work, they will be bolstered by the

　　supervisors trust, motivated to greater creativity and inclined to feel accountable for

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