1. counterproductive adj.产生相反效果的
e.g. It is counterproductive to be too tough: it just makes the staff resentful.
e.g. Although the speaker overlooks certain circumstances in which undueskepticism might be counterproductive, and even harmful, on balance I agree thatwe should not passively accept whatever is passed off as fact; otherwise, human knowledge would never advance.
2. seminal adj.萌芽的,潜在的;开创性的;有重大影响的
e.g. in the seminal state || seminal thoughts || seminal principle
e.g. a seminal book/poet || This experiment was to have a seminal influence on his own political development.
3. forgo v.放弃
4. intuition n.直觉
5. satisfy v.证明是正当的,公证的;为寻找正当理由
e.g. Such action can be justified on the grounds of greater efficiency.
e.g. In the final analysis, government cannot philosophically justify assisting large cities for the purpose of either promoting or preserving the nations cultural traditions; nor is government assistance necessary toward these ends.
6. resort to 诉诸
e.g. no necessity to resort to violent actions such as demonstration, riot or rebel.
conduce
7. hinge on 以为转移,靠转动
e.g. The claim that societys destiny hinges on how children are socialized, while appealing in some respects, is an over-statement at best.
8. at best 最多,充其量;以最乐观的观点来看
9. collaborate to
e.g. For example, scientists, researchers, and even computer programmers must collaborate to establish common goals, coordinate efforts, and meet time lines.
10. lend some credence to 提供支持
e.g. While our everyday experience might lend credence to this assertion.
e.g. Recent advances in molecular biology and genetics lend some credence to this position, by suggesting that these determining physical forces include our own individual genetic makeup.
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