一、常见的前缀
1. 表示否定意义的前缀
1) 纯否定前缀
a-, an-, asymmetryanhydrous
dis- dishonest, dislike
in-, ig-, il, im, ir, incapable, inability, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregular
ne-, n-, none, neither, never
non-, noesense
neg-, neglect
un- unable, unemployment
2) 表示错误的意义
male-, mal-, malfunction, maladjustment
mis-, mistake, mislead
pseudo-, pseudonym, pseudoscience
3)表示反动作的意思
de-, defend, demodulation
dis-, disarm, disconnect
un-, unload, uncover
4)表示相反,相互对立意思
anti-, ant- antiknock, antiforeign,
contra-, contre-, contro-, contradiction, controflow
counter-, counterreaction, counterbalance
ob-, oc-, of-, op-, object, oppose, occupy
with-, withdraw, withstand
2. 表示空间位置,方向关系的前缀
1)a- 表示在之上,向aboard, aside,
2)by- 表示附近,邻近,边侧bypath, bypass
3)circum-, circu-, 表示周围,环绕,回转circumstance, circuit
4)de-, 表示在下,向下descend, degrade
5)en-, 表示在内,进入encage, enbed
6)ex-, ec-, es-, 表示外部,外exit, eclipse, expand, export
7)extra-, 表示额外extraction
8)fore- 表示在前面forehead, foreground
9)in-, il-, im-, ir-, 表示向内,在内,背于 inland, invade, inside, import
10)inter-, intel-, 表示在间,相互international, interaction, internet
11)intro-, 表示向内,在内,内侧introduce, introduce
12)medi-, med-, mid-, 表示中,中间Mediterranean, midposition
13)out-, 表示在上面,在外部,在外outline, outside, outward
14)over-, 表示在上面,在外部,向上overlook, overhead, overboard
15)post-, 表示向后,在后边,次postscript
16)pre-, 表示在前在前面prefix, preface, preposition
17)pro-, 表示在前,向前progress, proceed
18)sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-, 表示在下面,下subway, submarine, suffix, suppress, supplement
19)super-, sur-, 表示在..之上superficial, surface, superstructure
20)trans-, 表示移上,转上,在那一边 translate, transform, transoceanic
21)under-, 表示在..下面,下的underline, underground, underwater
22)up-, 表示向上,向上面,在上upward, uphold, uphill
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