GRE阅读文章中,经常会出现一些巨长的句子。很多同学见而畏之,草草看两眼就放弃了。其实,要想攻克GRE阅读中的长句,我们只需要用整体法和拨笋法就能比较容易的搞定。下面,我们就来举个例子进行分析,下面是GRE阅读文章里有这样一道巨长的题目。
It can be inferred from the passage that a historian who wished to compare crime rates per thousand in a European city in one decade of the fifteenth century with crime rates in another decade of that century would probably be most aided by better information about which of the following?
很多学生果断放弃,说题目就那么长我怎么做呀?如果你的技能仅停留在认识单词,一看到长句就范跑跑,那我只能遗憾的告诉你:你GRE不可能取得高分。请试着思考一个简单的问题:一个长句是怎么产生的?其实长句就是一个个活蹦乱跳的短句用各种连接词组合在一起的。当你明白这个问题的答案,我想你会慢慢养成一种阅读习惯了。我提出了读长句的两种方法,经常练习你一定会养成习惯。
gre阅读长句技巧1. 整体法
即把一个复杂的意群先用整体的元素来取代。比如一句经典的GRE句子:That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted. 从逻辑上来讲,这句话就是That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted. 即A and B will be favored. A指的就是that sex ratio which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have,而B指的是the number of gene copies transmitted。
gre阅读长句技巧2. 拨笋法
这是长难句最容易理解的产生方法。比如另一个GRE的经典句子:Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of-and so was crucial in sustaining-the Black heritage of folklore, music, and religious expression from one generation to another, a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences. 句子很长,但是如果一个母语是英语的人来读这个问题,我想他会按照以下这个框图模式来阅读,每一个小短句就是一个意群,我们要做的就是从这些以意群中筛选出我们所需要的信息。
每一个框图都存在一个重要信息:框图1告诉我们这是Gutman的观点,不是奥特曼的观点。黑人家族稳定性和黑人文化之间的关系,框图2告诉我们前者促进后者的传播,框图3告诉我们前者还稳定了后者。最后一个框图告诉我们到底什么是黑人文化。再仔细思考一下逻辑性,你会发现,老美写的文章真是滴水不漏,非常严密。
学会了整体法和拨笋法这时候回到我们一开头提出的那个题目怎么解读时,你会发现一切都水到渠成了。第一个框图根据文章作答,第三个框图让我们会文章定位哪个历史学家,第二个框图才是问题的核心,这个科学家到底是靠什么信息来支持自己的观点的?因此这句话的一个核心短语其实是be aided by,而根本不是compare A with B,相信现在大家应该能领会这个方法的奥义了吧?
GRE阅读中的长句,其实并不太难,只要能用对方法,分析出句子结构,很容易就能弄懂其中的意思。关键是大家在平时多做这方面的练习,不要一遇见GRE阅读中的长句,就产生心理障碍。
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