2015年的职称英语卫生类教材学习部分内容及解析(七)

　　2015年职称英语卫生类教材学习部分内容及解析

　　Better Control of TB seen if a faster cure is found

　　The World Health Organization1 estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis . Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their ____1____. Two million people die ____2____ it. The disease has ____3____ with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis.

　　Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to ____4____ a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop ____5____ they feel better. Doing that can ____6____ to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how ____7____ it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University2 led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients ____8____. It would also mean ____9____ infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others.

　　The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They ____10____ the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might ____11____ about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these ____12____ would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve.

　　The World Health Organization ____13____ the DOTS3 program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make ____14____ they continue treatment.

　　Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research ____15____ new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development4 says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.

　　词汇：

　　cure n. 疗法，治疗;良药

　　bacterium n. 细菌

　　tuberculosis n. 结核(病)

　　inactive adj. 不活跃的，非活动性的

　　antibiotic adj. 抗生的 n. 抗生素

　　infectious adj. 传染性的

　　infection n. 传染，感染;传染病

　　mathematical adj. 数学(上)的

　　partnership n. 合作，合伙;合作伙伴，合伙人

　　alliance n. 同盟，联盟

　　注释：

　　1. World Health Organization ：世界卫生组织

　　2. Harvard University ：(美国)哈佛大学

　　3. DOTS ：短期直接观察治疗

　　4. Global Alliance for TB Drug Development：全球结核病药物开发联盟