新概念英语第三册31-02

Lesson 33 A day to remember 难忘的一天
New words and expression 生词和短语
prelude n. 序幕，前奏
prelude与介词to搭配表示“……的前奏”
a prelude to serious trouble 麻烦事的前奏
introduction n. 导言，绪论 （连to） introduction to the book
preface n. 序，前言 （连to） foreword n. 序 （连to）
unforeseen a. 意料之外的
foresee v. 预见，预知
foresee = see before hand / in advance I foresee a bright future for you.
foreseeable a. 可预见的 foreseeing a. 预料之中的 unforeseeing a. 意料之外的
foretell v. （普通用词）预言（主语可用人和物）
predict v. 预言，预示（语气比foretell强 主语是人）
He predicts that it would happen in ten years.
forecast v. 预测，预报 Timely snow foretells bumper harvest. 瑞雪兆丰年。

series n. 系列
series 单复数同行
常见搭配a series of
We’ve got a series of good harvest. 我们取得了一连串的大丰收。
chain n. 连串 连锁
a chain of 一系列 a chain of reaction a series of reaction
chain store 连锁店
chain reaction 连锁反应
chain smoker 吸烟很严重的人
succession 侧重指时间的顺序，强调时间的连续没有间隔开
a succession of failures 一系列的失败
We’ve got a succession of successes. 我们取得了一次又一次的成功。
string 连续不断相似的事件
a string of cars 一连串的汽车
train 一个接一个发生的事 a train of thoughts /ideas 一个个的想法

catastrophe n.. 大祸，灾难
这个词强调严重，波及范围广的灾难
worldwide ~ 世界范围的灾难
national ~ 波及全国的灾难
disaster n. 灾难，不幸 （比catastrophe 弱的多说明灾难，不幸的程度是可以忽略的）
calamity n.灾害，不幸事件（指令人痛心的，个人或社会的损失，往往指产生持久的广泛忧伤痛苦）
nature calamity 自然灾害

panic n. 惊慌，恐慌
panic = uncontrollable quickly spreading fear or terror
get into a panic 陷入惊慌之中 He suddenly got into a panic and stopped his car.
be seized/struck with panic 惊慌失措
He was seized with panic. 他突然地感到惊慌失措。
terror n. 惊骇 horror n. 恐惧 fright n. 害怕 alarm n. 惊恐

stray a. 迷失的 = lost vi. 迷失（通常与介词form 连用）
The dog strayed from home.

confusion n. 混乱 confusion = condition out of order
in order 秩序井然 out order 混乱
in confusion 乱七八糟 fall into confusion 陷入混乱状态
be covered with confusion 局促不安 throw sb. into confusion 使某人惊慌失措

devour v. 狼吞虎咽地吃
有三种意思：
1. eat like an animal 狼吞虎咽 The dog devours the cake.
2. destroy 吞灭，席卷 The flame devours the whole building. 火把整幢楼都吞没了
3. take in eagerly with eyes, ears, or mind 贪婪地看、听
His eyes devoured the scene. 他两眼贪婪的看着这美丽的风景。

Text 课文 背出全文

We have all experienced days when everything goes wrong .
我们都曾经历过诸事不利的日子。
when 引导的定语从句修饰days
Every dog has its day. 每个人都有飞黄腾达的日子。

A day may begin well enough, but suddenly everything seems to get out of control.
有时一天开始时可能还算顺利，但是突然间一切似乎都不可收拾了。
get out of control = uncontrollable = beyond control 失控
everything seems to get out of control = everything seems to be uncontrollable / beyond control

What invariably happens is that a great number of things choose to go wrong at precisely the same moment.
事情总是这样发生的：很多事情偏偏在同一时间出乱子。
由what引导的主语从句。
invariably = always
What happened yesterday was that he couldn’t deal with the hot potato. 昨天发生的事就是他没能应付这个棘手的人。
precisely = exactly

It is as if a single unimportant event set up a chain of reactions.
似乎一件小事情就会导致一连串的连锁反应。
a chain of reactions = a series of reactions
it is as if 似乎看起来
it seems as if 似乎看起来
it looks as if 似乎看起来
set up = cause 引起，导致，造成
What set up the accident / trouble?
set up（= create） 创立，建立
set up a world record 创立一个世界记录
The unimportant event is the prelude to trouble. 不重要的事情是麻烦事的前奏。

Let us suppose that you are preparing a meal and keeping an eye on the baby at the same time.
让我们假定你正在烧饭，同时又照看着孩子。
keep an eye on the baby 照料孩子
keep an eye on = look after = take care of
Please keep an eye on my house while I am out.
keep one’s eyes open 睁大眼睛
When I am out, please keep your eyes open.
have an eye to （如果用动词have就一定要跟介词to搭配）
keep an eye to the baby = keep one’s eyes on the baby
eye for eye 以牙还牙
have eyes only for 只要，只爱
I have eyes only for you.
look sb. in the eyes 两眼直视某人
Don’t look me in the eyes. 不要直直地盯着我看。
eye to eye with sb. 与某人看法完全一致
I invariably eye to eye with my sister. 我总是与我的姐姐看法一致。
turn a blind eye to sth. 对……视而不见
He even turns a blind eye to me.
make eyes at sb. 含情脉脉地看着某人
The boy is making eyes at his girlfriend.

While you are on the phone, the baby pulls the table-cloth off the table, smashing half your best crockery and cutting himself in the process.
当你在接电话时，小孩把台布拉了下来，把最好的陶器打碎了一半，同时手又被割破了。
on the phone = answer the phone
注意与介词off搭配的动词词组的意思：
pull off 拉下来 pick off 取下来 knock off 碰落下来
smash half 摔成两半 in the process 在这个过程中

You hang up hurriedly and attend to baby, crockery, etc.
你连忙挂上电话，去照顾孩子，收拾陶器等等。
hang up = put on the receiver 挂断电话
attend to = look after = deal with 照顾，处理
Please attend to my baby. 请照料我的孩子。
Excuse me, I have something urgent to attend to. 请原谅，我有一件急事要处理。

As if this were not enough to reduce you to tears, your husband arrives, unexpectedly bringing three guests to dinner.
似乎这一切还不足以使你气恼得流泪，你丈夫回来了，出乎意料地带着三个客人来吃饭。
重点句型。这是个虚拟语气。
reduce you to tears 迫使你流下眼泪
You almost reduce me to tears. 你快要让我流下眼泪来了。
His comforting words almost reduced his wife to tears.
他安慰的话语让他的妻子几乎掉下了眼泪。
His answer almost reduced me to silence. 他的回答几乎让我沉默了。
The bomb reduced to the city to ruins. 这枚炸弹将这个城市化为废墟。

We can draw a conclusion :
Everything seems to get out of control suddenly and a great number of things choose to go wrong at precisely at the moment.
Troubles never come single. 祸不单行。

Things can go wrong on a big scale as a number of people recently discovered in Parramatta, a suburb of Sydney.
正如许多人最近在悉尼郊区的帕兰马塔见到的那样，搞糟的时期功能可能规模很大。
on a big scale = to a great degree = to great extent
as 引导非限定性定语从句
as we know 众所周知
As we know, the earth is round.
As Brane pointed out, giving up smoking is the easiest thing to do in the world.
As the headmaster mentioned, one is never too old to learn.正如这位校长所提及的，活到老，学到老。
as，which都可以引导非限定性定语从句。但 as 重点突出整个句子的含义 ，而which有可能指代主句当中某个词的含义，也有可能指代整个句子的含义。
As 引导非限定性定语从句，可以用于主句之前，as和主句之间要有一个逗号分隔开来。
As we expected, John was admitted to the university. 正如我们所预料的，John被这所大学入取了。
As 引导非限定性定语从句，也可以用在主句之后，这时就相当于which
She married him, which was unexpected.
She married him as was unexpected.
但是在as所引导的非限定性定语从句中，如果运用的是被动语态结构，被动词可以省略。
She married him as unexpected. （was省略）
The material is elastic as shown in the figure. 如图显示，这种材料是富有弹性的。
在这种情况下，shown之前省略了谓语动词，这时就不能把as换成which . 如果要用which 则要补上谓语动词。
The material is elastic, which is shown in the figure.

During the rush hour one evening two cars collided and both drivers began to argue.
一天晚上，车辆最拥挤的时候，两辆车相撞了。两位开车人争论起来。
during the rush hour 上下班的高峰期

The woman immediately behind the two cars happened to be a learner.
原句 = it happened that the woman behind the two cars was a learner.
紧跟在两辆车后的那位女士又碰巧是个初学开车的人（实习司机）。
happen to 恰巧
I happen to hear the news . 我恰巧听说了这个消息。
It happened that I heard about it the day before yesterday. 很凑巧，我是昨天听说这个事的。

This made the driver following her brake hard.
这使得她后面的司机紧急刹车。
Following 现在分词作定语修饰driver

As she was thrown forward, the cake went right through the windscreen and landed on the road.
当她由于惯性向前一冲的时候，蛋糕被甩出了挡风玻璃，落到马路上。
副词right作状语，相当于straight

Seeing a cake flying through the air, a lorry-driver who was drawing up alongside the car, pulled up all of a sudden.
一个货车司机正在超车上来，看到一块蛋糕从空中掠过，于是他把车刹住。
draw up = pull up 停车
all of sudden = suddenly

The lorry was loaded with empty beer bottles and hundreds of them slid off the back of the vehicle and on to the road.
这辆货车满载着空啤酒瓶，几百只瓶子从车子后面滑到了地上。
was loaded with = was filled with
vehicle这里指的是truck，lorry

This led to yet another angry argument.
这又导致了另外一次激烈的争吵。
lead to = cause 导致

Meanwhile, the traffic piled up behind.
同时后面的车辆全停下了，堵塞了交通。
meanwhile = at the same time = at the same moment = in the meantime 与此同时

Tt took the police nearly an hour to get the traffic on the move again.
警察花了近一个小时才使交通重新通畅。
get the traffic on the move 使得车辆开动起来
on the move = move from place to place 在移动之中（介词on和名词搭配表示处于某种状态或者某种动作正在进行之中）
on the rise 正在上升 on the boil 正在沸腾 on the go 正在忙碌中
on the watch 正在监视中 on the turn 正在转变中 on the run 正在逃跑中
on the fly 正在飞行中 on the increase 正在增加 on the decrease 正在减少

Only two stray dogs benefited from all this confusion, for they greedily devoured what was left of the cake.
只有两条野狗从一片混乱中得到好处，因为他们贪婪地吞噬了剩下的蛋糕。
benefit from 从……得益 You can benefit a lot from your reading.

Multiple choice questions 多项选择
1． C
2． B 省略as的虚拟条件句
As there had been a more experienced driver behind the two cars. 假如在这两辆车后面是一位有经验的司机
3． A
4． B
that is…是定语从句修饰event
a single unimportant event
that is of no importance是修饰event，而set up是整个句子的谓语部分
5． D
典型的现在分词做状语。为了使现在分词做状语比较明确，可以在现在分词前面加上while
6． A
7． A 如果介词短语提前到句子前面，那么句子必须采用倒装形式
8． C spending (time) doing sth.
9． C and连接的前后两个词相呼应
10．B
get into a panic 陷入慌乱之中 in panic 在恐慌（惧）中
in terror 在恐慌（惧）中 in fear 在恐慌（惧）中 in horror 在恐慌（惧）中
11． A
slid over 躲过 He slid over the question without answering it.
slip off 滑落
12． D 剩余的蛋糕
remain表示所剩余的部分，除此以外也表示遗体，遗址。
C选项leftover通常采用复数形式leftovers，表示吃剩的东西。
The leftovers of the meal were fed to the dog.