新概念英语第三册25-04

Lesson 27Nothing to sell and nothing to buy不卖也不买

【New words and expressions】 生词和短语

★philosopher n. 哲学家

★wisdom n. 智慧 --the quality of being wise Eg: He showed great wisdom. His mind is wisdom./ he is a wise man.

cut sb’s wisdom teeth---开始懂事了； 开始识事故了 Eg: the gay has cut his wisdom teeth.

★priest n. 牧师

★spiritual adj. 精神上的—of the spirit— Eg: Spiritual life. mental 智力的 physical 物质的， 肉体的

Our spiritual need 我们精神上的需要

spirited 生机勃勃的， 精神饱满的，猛烈的

low-spirited沮丧的 public-spirirted热心公益事业的 high-spirited 勇敢的

She is a spirited girl. This is a spirited discussion.这是一次激烈的讨论。

Spirituous adj. 含有酒精成份的, 酒精的 spirituous liquid

★grudge v. 不愿给，舍不得给 ★surgeon n. 外科大夫 ★passer-by n. 过路人（复数 passers-by)

★dignity n. 尊严 If you are afraid of losing your dignity, you can’t expect learn to speak a foreign language.

with great dignity 仪态大方 --The Princess enter the hall with great dignity

Stand/ keep on one’s dignity 保持尊严 Everybody must stand on his dignity.

Pocket one’s dignity 放下架子

lose one’s dignity 有失体面

dignify v. 使高贵

dignified adj. 有尊严的， 有品格的

★deliberately adv. 故意地—with careful consideration 强调深思熟虑的有意

I’m sure he days these deliberately (=intentionally ) to annoy me.

On purpose 故意-强调目的性 –He coughed on purpose to attract my attention.

★consequence n. 后果，结果—恶果 result 按常规而产生的结果 effect 效果

outcome –竞赛或悬而未决的最后结局

in consequence 由此

in consequence of 由于什么的缘故

take the consequence of 承担什么的后果—Have you take the consequence of the accidence?

★afflict vt 使苦恼，折磨—cause to suffer in the body or mind—we often use it in passive way 经常用作被动语态

be afflicted with a disease ---we are sympathed to him becase he is aflficted a disease.

affliction n. afflicted adj. 苦恼的， 悲伤的

★ease n. 容易—be ability to do something without difficulty.

With ease 轻而易举的 -- we comlpleted the experiment with ease.

At ease 安适, 自在 she stay at home at ease. ← ----→ill ease 不自在

put somebody at his ease 使某人不拘束 the manager put his assistants at their ease.

Take one’s ease安下心来--- I take my ease to study English here.

★nature n. 大自然

★contempt n. 蔑视的—light respect

in contempt of 轻视，不顾及 in contempt of his father’s suggestion, he went abroad.

hold sb in contempt =look down upon somebody –I hold him in contempt, because he do nothing everyday.

Contemptable –adj. He is a contemptable person.

Contemptuous –adj. 轻视的，傲慢地，轻蔑的

Contempt 语气Despise 强的多。 与 scorn 因强烈的反感而促成的愤慨或蔑视, put scorn on 对..嗤之以鼻

★envious adj. 嫉妒的—full of envy ，羡慕 I’m envious of you.

Jealous 妒忌，吃醋 I’m jealous of you.

[课文]What is the most important thing for a tramp?

It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material good in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us. There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.

Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule. Beggars almost sell themselves as human being to arouse the pity of passers-by. But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences. He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but his is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people. His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease. By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do. He may hunt, beg, or stead occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. We often speak of my even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?

★ It has been said that everyone lives by selling something.

It is said that …据说….

Live by+doing 以。。职业为生 to make enough money to feed oneself 以..为生 -- She lived by teaching.

He lived by fishing and keeping shape.

Live on…依靠吃某种食物来未维持生命 或靠某人生活

Sheeps and cows live on grass. She lives chieflyon fruit. He still lives on his parents.

★In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort I live by teaching. Peter lives by selling novels.

In the light of ----Accoding to, taking into account

The Theroy had tbeen abandoned in the light of modern discoveries.

In the light of evidence, it was decided to take the maufatures to court.

According to the fact/ in the light of the fact.

In accordance with 更加正式，表示‘依据法律’in accordance with law, in accordance with regulation.

★Though it may be possible to measure the value of material good in terms of money, it is extremely (quite )difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us. Abstract

In terms of 按照， 就..而言， 关于， 至于

in respect of/ with respeact to

in regard to…/ with regard to ../ as regards

Eg: He thinks of eveything in terms of people’s interets. 他按照人民的利益来考虑每一件事。

He refered to your work in terms of high praise. 他对你的工作大加赞扬。

In terms of money,

★ There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess (心甘情愿的给出我们所拥有的一切)to(=in order to ) save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service.

There are times when we would willing give everything we possess to bring our family happy.

Grudge 后面要和名词，动名词搭配 I grudge wasting time on this. He grudge paying so much money on such food.

For 表示目的

★The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.

Such are the conditions of society …..that 从句进一步补充说明conditions of society…

Such is the human nature ..(in lesson 4)

★ Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule.

Do you think tramps have anything to sell?

★ They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others Require …from….

★ In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity.

In 和动名词搭配..‘在..过程当中’＝in the course of

In speaking to him. I found him stammers. In turning to pages he happen to look up to saw me.

On 和动名词搭配, ‘一…就’表示一个动作刚结束， 另一个动作就接着开始了，必须注意主语的以一致性

On seeing the plane coming towards me, I…

In crossing the hall. I noticed that my shoe was undone.

On entering the hall, I notice that my shoe was undone.

★ He has deliberately chosen to lead the life (which )he leads and is fully(=completely ) aware of the consequences.

★ He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but his is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people.

Be free from…不受..影响 ――.the old lady is never free from pains

We had a Spring free from winds. He’s leading a life free from care and anxieties.

★ His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease

make it possible for sb. to to do sth.

★We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?

…Not envy their simple way of life

How many of us can honesty say that we would like to learn English well?