иÅÄîÓ¢ÓïµÚÈý²á03-02

Lesson 3 An unknown goddess ÎÞÃûÅ®Éñ

¡¾New words and expressions¡¿ Éú´ÊºÍ¶ÌÓï
¡ôgoddess n. Å®Éñ
¡ôarchaeologist n. ¿¼¹Åѧ¼Ò
¡ôAegean adj. °®ÇÙº£µÄ
¡ôexplore v. ¿¼²ì£¬¿±Ì½
¡ôpromontory n. º£½Ç
¡ôprosperous adj. £¨¾­¼ÃÉÏ£©·±Èٵģ¬²ýÊ¢µÄ
¡ôcivilization n. ÎÄÃ÷
¡ôstorey n. Â¥²ã
¡ôdrainage n. ÅÅË®
¡ôworship n. ³ç°Ý
¡ôsacred adj. ×ڽ̵ģ¬ÉñÊ¥µÄ
¡ôfragment n. ËéƬ
¡ôremains n. ÒÅÎ Òż££¬·ÏÐæ
¡ôclassical adj. £¨Ï£À°ÂÞÂí£©¹ÅÎÄ»¯µÄ
¡ôreconstruct v. ÐÞ¸´
¡ôrest v. Òзţ¬·ÅÖÃ
¡ôhip n. ƨ¹É£¬Íβ¿
¡ôfull-length adj. £¨È¹Ò£©Íϵس¤µÄ
¡ôgraceful adj. ÓÅÑŵÄ
¡ôidentity n. Éí·Ý

¡ïgoddess n. Å®Éñ

¡ïarchaeologist n. ¿¼¹Åѧ¼Ò

¡ïAegean adj. °®ÇÙº£µÄ

¡ïexplore v. ¿¼²ì£¬¿±Ì½
The archaeologists are exploring the cave.
exploration n.
explorer n.̽ÏÕ¼Ò

¡ïpromontory n. º£½Ç

¡ïprosperous adj. £¨¾­¼ÃÉÏ£©·±Èٵģ¬²ýÊ¢µÄ
Our finance is prosperous.
thriving ²ýÊ¢µÄ£¬ÐËÍúµÄ
booming ÅµÄ£¬¾°ÆøµÄ
flourishing ·±Ã¯µÄ£¬½¡¿µµÄ

¡ïcivilization n. ÎÄÃ÷
high level of civilization¸ß¶ÈÎÄÃ÷
civilize v.

¡ïstorey n. Â¥²ã

¡ïdrainage n. ÅÅË®

¡ïworship n. ³ç°Ý
respect; admire
Who do you worship in th world?
warship n. ¾ü½¢Õ½´¬

¡ïsacred adj. ×ڽ̵ģ¬ÉñÊ¥µÄ
holy adj. ÉñÊ¥µÄ£¬Ê¥½àµÄ
solemn adj. ׯÑϵģ¬×¯ÖصÄ
sacred music Ê¥ÀÖ
sacred promise ÉñÊ¥µÄŵÑÔ

¡ïfragment n. ËéƬ

¡ïremains n. ÒÅÎ Òż££¬·ÏÐæ

¡ïclassical adj. £¨Ï£À°ÂÞÂí£©¹ÅÎÄ»¯µÄ
classical music ¹ÅµäÒôÀÖ
classical education ÈËÎÄ¿Æѧ½ÌÓý
classic adj. µÚÒ»Á÷µÄ
This is a classic example of love at the first sight.
classic n. ½Ü×÷£¬¾­µäÖ®×÷

¡ïreconstruct v. ÐÞ¸´
re-ÖØУ¬ÔÙ´Î
construct ¹¹Ô죬½¨Ô죬×éÖ¯
build house Ô콨ÖþÎï
put up a tent
construct a sentence
construct a broken statuary
erect: build high buildings
erect monument ½¨Ôì¼ÍÄî±®
erect clock tower ½¨ÔìÖÓÂ¥
setup; establish; found ½¨Á¢
Eg: setup students¡¯ union
establish a school / rule
found a country
construction n.
constructive adj. ÓнÌÓýÒâÒåµÄ
constructor n. ½¨ÉèÕß

¡ïrest v. Òзţ¬·ÅÖÃ

¡ïhip n. ƨ¹É£¬Íβ¿
[¿Ú] ÔÚ·þÓÃÐ˷ܼÁ£¬×Ú½ÌÐÅÑö·½Ãæ¸Ïʱ÷ÖµÄÈË£»ÏûÏ¢ÁéͨÈËÊ¿£»adj. ͨÏþµÄ£¬¼ûÎŹãµÄ
Eg: Hary is a real hip. ÂêÀöÕæÊǸÏʱ÷Ö
The guy isn¡¯t a hip.Õâ¼Ò»ïʲô¶¼²»¶®
joined at the hip ±íʾ½»Ç鼫ºñµÄ
Eg: These two are joined at the hip.
shoot from the hip ÐÅ¿Ú¿ªºÓ
Eg: Sorry, I said that I shouldn¡¯t have shot from the hip.

¡ïfull-length adj. £¨È¹Ò£©Íϵس¤µÄ
a full-length dress

¡ïgraceful adj. ÓÅÑŵÄ
a graceful lady
elegant (behavier)

¡ïidentity n. Éí·Ý

¡¾Text¡¿
¡ì Lesson 3 An unknown goddess ÎÞÃûÅ®Éñ
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
How did the archaeologists know that the statue was a goddess?

Some time ago£¬an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea£®An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini£®The city at one time must have been prosperous£¬for it enjoyed a high level of civilization£®Houses--often three
storeys high----were built of stone£®They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls£®The city was even equipped with a drainage system£¬for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets£®
The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. In the most sacred room of the temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. The body of one statue
was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C. Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C.This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. It was very old and precious even then. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hip. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far,the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.

¡¾¿ÎÎĽ²½â¡¿
an interesting discovery£ºÇ¿µ÷discovery£¬ ÌåÏÖ·¢ÏÖÕâ¸ö¶¯×÷±»¿¼¹Åѧ¼Ò×ö³ö
Ö÷¶¯Óï̬ÄÑÒÔÍ»³öÖصã archaeologists made an interesting discovery
Ó¢Îıí´ï£º½á¹û¡¢Ó°Ï졢Ч¹ûΪÖ÷Óǿµ÷¶Ô¿Í¹ÛÊÂʵµÄ³ÂÊö

An American team explored a temple which¡­
whichÒýµ¼¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä£¬ÐÞÊÎÏÞ¶¨temple

which stands in an ancient city on¡­
which = that; stand = lie, situate (vt.) locate (vt.)

An American team explored a temple which is located / situated in¡­
An American team explored a temple which lie in¡­

stand±íʾ¸ß¸ß×øÂäÓÚ£¬´£Á¢ÓÚ
Eg: She stands 1.75m. / A great tree stands on the mount.

The city at one time must have been prosperous£¬for it¡­
forÒýµ¼Ô­Òò×´Óï´Ó¾ä£¬¶ÔÖ÷¾äµÄ¸½¼Ó˵Ã÷
becauseÒýµ¼Ô­Òò×´Óï´Ó¾ä£¬ÖصãÍ»³öÔ­Òò
Eg: The day broke for the birds were singing.

at one time:±í´ïÔø¾­£¬Ò»¶È£»¹ýȥʱ̬µÄ±êÖ¾£¬ once

must have been ¶Ô¹ýÈ¥ÊÂʵ¿Ï¶¨µÄÍƲâ

enjoyed a high level of civilization. ÏíÓи߶ÈÎÄÃ÷

with¡­
Eg: a young man with broad shoulders / an old lady with black hair

beautifully decorated ¹ýÈ¥·Ö´Ê×ö¶¨Óï
a beautifully dressed ladyÒÂ×ÅƯÁÁµÄŮʿ / a deserted carpark ·ÏÆúµÄÍ£³µ³¡
a white painted door ±»·ÛË¢³É°×É«µÄÃÅ

ÏÖÔÚ·Ö´Ê×ö¶¨Ó±»ÐÞÊδÊÓëÐÞÊδÊÖ®¼äΪ£»Âß¼­Ö÷¶¯¹Øϵ
a boy climbing the tree / the students reading in the room

The city was even equipped with¡­ for¡­ were found¡­
be equipped with Å䱸£¬×°±¸
Eg: the car was equipped with air conditioning.

for Òýµ¼Ô­Òò×´Óï´Ó¾ä

beneath the narrow streets / under the narrow streets
prep. beneath = under ÕýÏ·½
He is standing under / beneath the umbrella.

under:ÔÚ½øÐÐÖУ¬under control ¿ØÖÆÖ®ÖУ»under discussion ÌÖÂÛÖ®ÖУ»under repairs ÐÞÀíÖ®ÖÐ
below:ÔÚÏ·½£¬Ç¿µ÷бÏ·½
Eg: She is sitting below the window.

The temple which¡­
be used as / be used to be °Ñ¡­ÓÃ×÷Ϊ
Eg:The box was used as a desk in the small village school.
The wooden box was used as a bookcase.
The wooden box is used to contain books.

In the most sacred room of¡­
Each of these represented ¡­ been painted.

represent vt. ´ú±í
I represent all the classmates.

The body of one statue was found¡­
dating ÏÖÔÚ·Ö´Ê£¬ÐÞÊÎremains
the customs dating from 1990

date from ×·Ëݵ½£¬´Ó¡­ ¿ªÊ¼
The tradition dates from the time when his grandfather was young.
The castle dates from the 14th century.
The castle dates back to the century.

Its missing head happened to be among remains of¡­
happen to Ç¿µ÷ÊÂÇéµÄżȻ·¢Éú
Eg: I happen to have driven that kind of car. ÎÒÇ¡ÇÉ¿ª¹ýÄÇÖÖÆû³µ¡£
He happened to find the ticket in his pocket. ËûÇ¡ÇÉÔÚ¿Ú´üÀïÕÒµ½ÄÇÕÅƱ¡£

¾äʽ£ºIt happens that¡­¡­
Eg: It happnes that I met her on my way to work
I happened to meet her on my way to work

happen on ÇÉÓö£¬Å¼È»·¢ÏÖ,żÓö
Eg: I happend on this old picture in the back of the drawer.
Guess, who I happend on while I was in London last month?

reconstruct: put together, piece together, restore


ËĸöÐÎÈÝ´Ê: amazed:very much surprised
surprised; astonished; amazed; astounded ¸Ðµ½¾ªÑȵģ¬ÓïÆøµÝÔö
astonished: much surprised
amazed: very much surprised ¾ªÆæ
astounded ·Ç³£¾ªÑÈ£¬³ßãµ£¬¾ªÆæ

to find¡­ / to discover¡­ / to realize¡­
I¡¯m not surprised to see you here.

turn out ±íÃ÷½á¹û
turn out ( to be) + n./adj.
Eg: Our party turned out (to be) a success
the concert turned out to be failure.
It turned out that¡­¡­¡­¡­ Ô­À´ÊÇ(±íʾ½á¹û)
that ´Ó¾ä£¬»òÆäËûÃû´Ê´Ó¾ä£¬it ×÷ÐÎʽÖ÷Óï
Eg: It turned out that the diamond had been in the bank all the time.
It turned out that his statement was false.

as it turns out ÈËÃǺóÀ´·¢ÏÖ
Eg: As it turns out, there was not need to worry.
As it turns out, the report was mistaken. ÈËÃǺóÀ´·¢ÏÖ,Õâƪ±¨¸æ±»Åª´íÁË¡£

She stood three feet high and her hands rested on th hips.
rest on = depend on, lean on
His hand rested lightly on my shoulder.

which swept the ground½øÒ»²½ËµÃ÷Íϵصģ¬Ò·µØµÄ

despite / in spite of +n. /¶¯Ãû´Ê

It is still a problem for the archaeologists up to now.

so far,up to now ¶¼ÊÇÍê³ÉʱµÄ±êÖ¾

discover her identity: find out he identity

¡¾Special difficulties¡¿
happen (to) , it happened that¡­

¡¾Multiple choice questions¡¿
Comprehension
1 The interesting discovery made by the archaeologists was .
a. that the city had once been prosperous
b. that the temple had been used as a place of worship
c. they found the fifteen statues had been painted
d. that they were not the first to have found the head of the goddess

It¡¯s missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C.¡¯
1. D

2 The city ¡®enjoyed a high level of civilization¡¯ . This is confirmed by the fact that .
a. some of the houses were built only one storey high
b. a great number of fragments were found in the temple
c. the city had been built on clay
d. advanced techniques had been employed in building and decorating

This is confirmed by the fact thatÒýµ¼Í¬Î»Óï´Ó¾ä£¬²¹³ä˵Ã÷fact µÄÄÚÈÝ¡£
be employed in:±»Ó¦ÓÃÔÚ¡­·½Ãæ

¡®¡­The city at one time must have been prosperous£¬for it enjoyed a high level of civilization£®Houses--often three storeys high-were built of stone£®They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls£®The city was even equipped with a drainage system¡­¡¯

3 In seeking to establish the identity of the reconstructed statue, the archaeologists .
a. tried to determine which goddess it represented
b. pieced together the fragments they found
c. discovered that it was more modern than any of the other statues
d. wondered whether it belonged to the fifth or the fifteenth century

in doing sth: ÔÚ¡­·½Ãæ

structure
4 The city had once known .(ll.4-5)
a, a prosperity b, the prosperous c. the prosperity d. prosperity

Öصã´Ê»ãknow:ÖªµÀ£¬ÈÏʶ£»¾­Àú¹ý£¬Ôø¾­Óйý£¨= experience£©, ÕâÊÇÒ»¸öÎÄѧÓÃÓ±Èexperience¸ü¼ÓÕýʽ

5 The temple used as a place of worship since Roman times. (ll.9-10)
a. was b. has not been c. had been d. was not

since:×Ô´Ó Ö÷¾äµÄÖ÷¸Éʱ̬ΪÏÖÔÚÍê³Éʱ

6 They found that the goddess turned out to be ¡­(ll.14-15)
a. surprisingly b. with surprise c. to their surprise d. a surprise

to their surprise:ʹijÈ˸е½¾ªÑȵÄÊÇ £¨ÔÚ¾äÖпÉ×ö¶ÀÁ¢µÄ×´Ó¾ä×ÓµÄÖ÷Óï²»±ØÊÇij¸öÈË£©
with surprise:¾ªÑ鵯 £¨Ê×ÏÈ£¬±ØÐëÓëÐÐΪ¶¯´ÊÁ¬Óã¬Æä´Î£¬¾ä×ÓµÄÖ÷Óï±ØÐëÊÇij¸öÈË£©
Eg: To my great disappointment the train had already left.
With satisfaction / delight / dismay
He smoked his cigarette with satisfaction.
He went home with dismay.
To our dismay the party proved to be a failure.

7 being very old, she was very graceful. (ll.16-17)
a. Although b. In spite of c. Even d. Even though

despite = in spite of (¿ÉÒÔºÍÃû´Ê¡¢´ú´Ê¡¢¶¯Ãû´Ê´îÅä)

8 So far, the archaeologists to discover her identity. (l.17)
a. have been impossible b. have not been able c. cannot have been d. could not

so far ÏÖÔÚÍê³ÉʱµÄ±êÖ¾
Èç¹ûÓÃposible / imposible, Òª²ÉÓÃÐÎʽÖ÷Óïit
¡­it has been impossible for the archaeologists to discover her identity.

Vocabulary
9 In the most room of the temple¡­(l.10)
a. holy b. religious c. frightening d. colourful

Ô­ÎÄÖÐÓõ½ÁËsacred (×ڽ̵ģ¬ÉñÊ¥µÄ)
religious ×ڽ̵Ä
frightening ÁîÈ˺¦ÅµÄ
colourful ·á¸»¶à²ÊµÄ

10 The head was carefully preserved. It was .(l.13)
a. well done b. conserved c. maintained c. in good condition

state
well done ²àÖØÇ¿µ÷×öµÃºÃ
conserve = keep from being wasted ,damaged, lost, destroyed
¡°²»Óþ¡»òºÄ¾¡Ä³Î±£Áô¡°
conserve your energy you needed
we nust conserve out forest
maintain: ͨ¹ýÐÞÉɱ£Ñø£¬²»Ê¹¡­ÆÆËð£¨Ç¿µ÷¶¯×÷µÄ¹ý³Ì£©¡°Î¬ÐÞ£¬±£Ñø¡±

11 The goddess to be a very modern-looking woman. (l.15)
a. appeared b. proved c. resolved d. changed

turn out = prove

12 But, the archaeologists have been unable¡­(l.17)
a. beforehand b. until now c. for a long time d. at this distance

so far =>until now, up till now
beforehand: (adv.) ÊÂÏÈ = in advance
at this distance (of / in time) ʱ¸ôÒѾÃ
Eg: I can hardly remember him at this distance of time.