优秀作文必备：英语标点的正确使用(三)

三、Period / Full Stop　(.)　句号、句点

　　句号的写法，在英文里是个小黑点(.)，可在中文却是个小圈儿(。)(在科学技术文章里

也可用“小黑点”)。用法也有些差异，在英文方面，最“好玩”的是用在缩写方面：

* 句号用在陈述句、祈使句及礼貌问句等的句尾

* 句号用在缩写方面

* 句号用在数目字方面

3.1　句号用在陈述句、祈使句及礼貌问句等的句尾：

3.1.1　用在陈述句(Declarative sentence)尾，表示句子结束：

1. I am leaving now.

2. Ailan and Xiaodong are my friends.

-------------------------------------------------

3.1.2　 用在祈使句(Imperative sentence)尾，表示句子结束：

1.　Close the door.

2.　Turn in your papers, please.

--------------------------------------------------

3.1.3　用在礼貌的、祈使性的、以及间接疑问句(Interrogative sentence)尾，表示

句子结束：

1.　Will you please send me three copies.　麻烦你给我三份。(不要看到Will

you...就在句尾加问号喔)

2.　Since when am I supposed to believe this.　我什么时候会相信这个呢。

3.　He asked if you can come.　他问你能不能来。

==============================================

3.2　句号用在表示缩写(Abbreviation, Acronym):

3.2.1 缩写词(Abbreviation)：(将一个字词省略其中某些字母,字尾须加句号)

1.　称呼：Mr. = Mister,　Mrs.= Misteress, Dr. = Doctor, Mim. = Ministor /

Ministry , Esq. = Esquire (先生)

2.　时间：yr. = year, min.=minute

3.　　星期：Mon. = Monday, Tues. = Tuesday, Wed. = Wednesday, Thurs. =

Thursday,　Fri. = Friday,　Sat. = Saturday, Sun. = Sunday

4.　月份：Jan. = January, Feb. = February, Mar. = March, Apr. = April, Jun.

= June, Jul. = July, Aug./Ag. = August, Sept. = September, Oct. = October,

Nov. = November, Dec. = December　(注意：oct. = octave八度, nov. = novelist

小说家, dec. = deceased亡故)

5.　国名：Afr. = Africa / African,　Aus. = Austria / Austrian, Fr. = France

/ French,　Ger. = Germany,　It. = Italy / Italian

6.　　其他：etc. = et cetera (等), Xmas. = Christmas, min. = minimum /

minor, max. = maximum, pc. = piece, Ltd. = Limited, num. =number / numbers

(No. = Number 第几号之意)

-------------------------------------------------

3.2.2　Acronym (只取首字母的缩写词)：

1.　公元：A.D. = Anno Domin(公元)，B.C. = Before Christ(公元前)

2.　邮政：G.P.O. = General Post Office, C.O.D.= Cash on Delivery, P.O. /

p.o. = Postal Order, R.T.S. = Return To Sender

3,　时间：a.m. /A.M. = ante meridiem 上午， p.m. / P.M.= post meridiem下午

4.　国名：U.K. = United Kingdom, U.S.A. = United States of America

5.　其他：F.O.C. = Free Of Charge, R.I.P. = Rest In Peace 愿他安息, r.p.m.=

Revolution Per Minute, P.T.O. / p.t.o. = Please Turn Over 翻下页，P.T.A. =

Parent-Teachers' Association 家长教师协会

-------------------------------------------------

　　也许是大家觉得缩写词后加个小黑点是件麻烦事，因此有些就干脆省掉它，下面是一

些不加句点的缩写词：

1.　组织名：UN,　UNESCO,　WTO

2.　数目：$75 , 2nd　,　5th　,　Henry V

3.　常用词：memo ,　math ,　exam ,　lab ,　dorm ,　TV ,　CD ,　VCD ,DVD,

PS =Postscript 附言，SARS (现在是无人不知其大名的了！)

4.　度量衡: mm ,　cm　,　km　,　g　,　mg ,　ml , kw , kv

====================================================

3.3 句号用在数字方面：

3.3.1 表示小数点：

1.　$12.50 , ￥200.20 , RM4.45,　50.45%,　5.2 kg

----------------------------------------------------

3.3.2　用于大纲列表：

例：　I.　第一学期体育教学

　　1. 游泳

　　　 a.　自由式

注意：在括号内的数字或字母，不可加句号：

(3), (b),　(Iv)