2011年高考英语书面表达之过渡及开头句

　　过渡词

　　要学会使用过渡词。过渡词犹如桥梁和粘合剂 。恰当地使用过渡词可避免结构松散，层次分明，表意不清等弊端，使文章条理清楚，文字连贯流畅。常用的过渡词有：

　　递进型： also,besides, whats more, moreover, furthermore, in addition, even, whats worse, worse still, to make matters//things worse, not only but also等;

　　解释型：that is , in other words, or, in fact, in reality, as a matter of fact等;

　　转折型：however, but, yet, nevertheless, instead, on the contrary,on the other hand 等;

　　列举型：firstlysecondlyfinally, on the one hand, on the other hand, for one thing, for another 等

　　举例型：for example, for instance, such as, that is, like, take for example等;

　　因果型：because , since, now that, thanks to, due to; thus, therefore, as a result ,so that, so that等;

　　让步型：though, although, in spite of, despite,even though, even if 等;

　　顺序型：firstnextand thenfinally, firstthenafter thatfinally 等;

　　并列型：and, bothand, or, eitheror, as well as, 等

　　时间型：afterwards, soon, later, the moment/ immediately/ , hardlywhen, no soonerthan, be about to do something when be on the point of doing something when 等

　　总结型：in a/one word, to sum up, in short, on the whole, in conclusion,every coins has two sides

　　见解型：as for me，in my opinion, personally speaking, as far as I am concerned，Im sure 等

　　条件型：if, as long as, so long as, on condition that , unless 等

　　开头句

　　论述的展开提出观点：

　　◆No one would deny that

　　◆Now it is widely believed that

　　◆When it comes to, some think

　　◆There is a public debate today that ...

　　◆A is a common way of, but is it a wise one?

　　◆Recently the problem has been brought into focus that+同位语从句

　　◆Different people hold different opinions.

　　◆Opinions are divided.

　　◆People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards

　　◆With the rapid improvement in/growing awareness of， more and more

　　(e.g.With the rapid improvement in building industry， more and more structures are being erected to set the peoples minds at ease.)

　　◆ Recently， sth/the problem ofhas been brought to popular attention/ has become the focus of public concern(e。g。 Recently， the problem of unemployment has been brought to such popular attention that governments worldwide are committed to finding useful solutions.)

　　◆ In the past few years，there has been a boom/sharp growth/decline in(e。g。 In the past ten years，there has been a sharp decline in the number of species。)

　　◆ Nowadays，more/most important/dangerous for our society is(e。g。 Nowadays， most dangerous for our society is the tendency to take advantage of each other in political circles。)

　　◆Now there is a growing awareness that+同位语从句...

　　◆It is time we explore the truth of ...

　　进一步提出观点：

　　◆of them hold the opinion that .(不同观点)

　　◆of them are in favor of the idea that(不同观点)

　　◆People who are for/against the idea think (不同观点)

　　◆However, each coin has two sides. (不同观点)

　　◆Different from those., people think .(不同观点)

　　◆On the other hand, people object that (有些人反对道).(不同观点)

　　◆A is but one of the many effects. Another is ...

　　◆Besides, other reasons are...

　　提出假想例子的方式：

　　◆Suppose that...

　　◆Just imagine what would be like if...

　　◆It is reasonable to expect...

　　◆It is not surprising that...

　　举普通例子：

　　◆For example,...

　　◆... such as A,B,C and so on

　　◆We can take something for example.

　　◆A particular example for this is...

　　引用：

　　◆One of the greatest early writers said ...

　　◆Knowledge is power, such is the remark of ...

　　◆As somebody once put it,

　　◆....... How often we hear such words like these.

　　提出原因：

　　◆There are many reasons for ...

　　◆Why .... ? For one thing,... ; for another thing,

　　◆The answer to this problem involves many factors.

　　◆Most people would agree that...

　　◆Some people may neglect that in fact ...

　　◆Others suggest that...

　　◆Part of the explanation is ...

　　进行对比：

　　◆The advantages for A outweigh the disadvantages of...

　　◆Although A enjoys a distinct advantage ...

　　◆Indeed , A has more advantages than B when sth is concerned.

　　◆A maybe ... , but it has the disadvantage that...

　　承上启下：

　　◆To understand the truth of ..., it is also important to see...

　　◆A study of ... will make this point clear

　　让步：

　　◆Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as...

　　◆I do not deny that A has its own merits.

　　结尾：

　　◆From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that ...

　　◆In summary, it is wiser of somebody to do something

　　◆In short...

　　注(图表型)

　　◆According to the information given in the table/graph,we can find that。。。

　　◆As can be seen from the table/graph/figure，there is an obvious and rapid increase /decrease/decline/favorable (an unfavorable) change in。。。

　　◆ As we can see from the table/graph/form /figure above, great changes have taken place in。。。over the period of time from。。。(年份)to。。。(年份)

　　◆ The table/graph shows that there is a(n) declining/increasing trend of 。。。from。。。(年份) to。。。(年份)

　　◆ Anyone who takes a closer look at the data in the table/graph can be surprised to find that。。。