高考英语语法精要讲解二十六:情态动词
1、情态动词 + have done sth
这个结构有着特殊意义:用来表示猜测(设想可能发生过什么事情)或
想象(设想可能出现过什么不同的情况)
①should (ought to) have done sth 本来该做而未做
This wall oughtnt to have been painted blue.
②need have done sth 本来有必要做而未做
You neednt have told her the news.
③must have done sth 对过去所做动作的肯定推测
---We went to Paris.
---That must have been nice.
④can have done sth 对过去所做动作的否定或疑问推测
I dont think he can have heard you. Call again.
Where can John have put the matches?
⑤may (might) have done sth 过去可能发生某事,与could相比,may和 might可能性较小,might 可能性更小;might 也可表示过去可能发生而未发生的事情。
Pollys very late----she may (might) have missed her etrain.
You were stupid to try climbing there. You might have killed youself
⑥could have done sth
●推测过去可能发生某事 (同can, 但can不用肯定句)
She could have gone off with some friends.
●表示过去没有实现的可能性:某事可能发生,但却没有发生
You were stupid to go skiing there----you could have broken your leg.
●表示有能力做而未做(虚拟语气)
You could have helped me !
(You were able to help me, but you didnt.)
2、can could be able to 表示能力
●can 通常表示现在的或一般的能力---即你无论什么时候想做就能
做到的能力, 指单纯的表示一个人有某种能力。
You can certainly cook, even if you cant do anything else.
●be able to表示某人通过努力、克服困难做成某事。
will be able to 表示将来的能力
Ill be able to speak German in another few months.
●could 表达 一般的能力---即你过去想干什么就可以干什么
She could sing like an angel when she was a kid.
但could 不能表达过去某种具体的能力,此时用was able to, managed to 或 succeeded in 等
How many eggs were you able to get ?
3、can, could, may和might 表示可能性
●可用来表示:①理论上的可能性(不涉及是否真发生);②提出建议
(提出解决某个问题的可能办法或者采取的行动);③在问句或否定句中表达现在的可能性)
Anybody who wants to can become a prison visitor.
①---What shall we do ?
---We can try asking Lucy for help. ②
Who can that be at the door ? Can it be Polly? ③
●may 可用来表达:①将来的可能性;②说话时某事可能是真实的
We may go climbing this summer. ①
You may be right. ②
●could / might 可用来表示: ①说话时某事可能是真实的;②将来
某事有可能发生,但不表示特别可能发生。
You could be right, but I dont think you are. ①
It could rain later on this evening. ②
4、can, could, may 和might表示允许
①请求允许:它们都可以表示请求允许做某事,could 和 might并不是表示过去
Can (May, Could) I borrow your umbrella ?
②允许:当我们允许某人做某事时,我们用can和may来表达,而不能使用could和might
You may / can watch TV for as long as you like. (不用could, might; mustnt 有拒绝的意思)
---Could I use your phone?
---Yes, of course you can /may. (No, you cant / may not.)
介绍乒乓王子孔令辉
暑假生活的一天(A Day in My Summer Vacation)
国庆节作文:A Wonderful Traveling
知识与经验(Knowledge or Experience)
今天的经历(Today's experience)
语文教师My Chinese Teacher
神奇的贝壳(The Magic Shell)
你喜欢哪种方式的旅行?(Which Mode of Travel Do You like?)
Should Euthanasia Be Legalized?,Should Euthanasia Be Legali
足球迷(A Football Fan)
夏天讲卫生方法(sanitary ways in summer)
根据提示写一封约60个单词的信
Which Mode of Travel Do You like?
论安全(On Safety)
一场大雨(A Heavy Rain)
全国高考英语作文题目
关于在五一的日记
向人们介绍本校的情况
Talking about Having Sports
我的祖父母(My Grandparents)
老师,我要感谢你(I want to thank you,teacher)
为丁香花季节而歌唱(Lilac flower season for singing)
Is Stress a Bad Thing?
我的家(My House)
Large Companies and Small Companies
A Letter to the University President
My Chinese Teacher
你对中学生玩电子游戏的看法
导游介绍我市情况
选择朋友(choosing friends)
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