高考英语语法精要讲解二十六:情态动词
1、情态动词 + have done sth
这个结构有着特殊意义:用来表示猜测(设想可能发生过什么事情)或
想象(设想可能出现过什么不同的情况)
①should (ought to) have done sth 本来该做而未做
This wall oughtnt to have been painted blue.
②need have done sth 本来有必要做而未做
You neednt have told her the news.
③must have done sth 对过去所做动作的肯定推测
---We went to Paris.
---That must have been nice.
④can have done sth 对过去所做动作的否定或疑问推测
I dont think he can have heard you. Call again.
Where can John have put the matches?
⑤may (might) have done sth 过去可能发生某事,与could相比,may和 might可能性较小,might 可能性更小;might 也可表示过去可能发生而未发生的事情。
Pollys very late----she may (might) have missed her etrain.
You were stupid to try climbing there. You might have killed youself
⑥could have done sth
●推测过去可能发生某事 (同can, 但can不用肯定句)
She could have gone off with some friends.
●表示过去没有实现的可能性:某事可能发生,但却没有发生
You were stupid to go skiing there----you could have broken your leg.
●表示有能力做而未做(虚拟语气)
You could have helped me !
(You were able to help me, but you didnt.)
2、can could be able to 表示能力
●can 通常表示现在的或一般的能力---即你无论什么时候想做就能
做到的能力, 指单纯的表示一个人有某种能力。
You can certainly cook, even if you cant do anything else.
●be able to表示某人通过努力、克服困难做成某事。
will be able to 表示将来的能力
Ill be able to speak German in another few months.
●could 表达 一般的能力---即你过去想干什么就可以干什么
She could sing like an angel when she was a kid.
但could 不能表达过去某种具体的能力,此时用was able to, managed to 或 succeeded in 等
How many eggs were you able to get ?
3、can, could, may和might 表示可能性
●可用来表示:①理论上的可能性(不涉及是否真发生);②提出建议
(提出解决某个问题的可能办法或者采取的行动);③在问句或否定句中表达现在的可能性)
Anybody who wants to can become a prison visitor.
①---What shall we do ?
---We can try asking Lucy for help. ②
Who can that be at the door ? Can it be Polly? ③
●may 可用来表达:①将来的可能性;②说话时某事可能是真实的
We may go climbing this summer. ①
You may be right. ②
●could / might 可用来表示: ①说话时某事可能是真实的;②将来
某事有可能发生,但不表示特别可能发生。
You could be right, but I dont think you are. ①
It could rain later on this evening. ②
4、can, could, may 和might表示允许
①请求允许:它们都可以表示请求允许做某事,could 和 might并不是表示过去
Can (May, Could) I borrow your umbrella ?
②允许:当我们允许某人做某事时,我们用can和may来表达,而不能使用could和might
You may / can watch TV for as long as you like. (不用could, might; mustnt 有拒绝的意思)
---Could I use your phone?
---Yes, of course you can /may. (No, you cant / may not.)
牛津小学英语六年级上册Unit1课件
牛津版小学六年级英语课件Let is Sing Teddy bear
小学英语六年级下册Unit3 Last weekend PartA课件
2012年盘锦市中考英语模拟试题无答案
2012年上海浦东新区中考英语二模试题
小学英语六年级上册A newspaper report课件
小学六年级英语总复习计划课件
牛津版小学六年级英语课件My schoolbag let us chant
上海版七年级英语上册 unit4 Reading课件
牛津版小学六年级英语课件let is sing a summer song
牛津版小学英语六年级下册Unit4课件1
牛津版小学英语六年级上册 Unit 7 At Christmas课件
牛津版小学英语六年级上册 Unit3 课件
六年级英语上册Module8 Unit1 Helen Keller课件
上海牛津版初中英语第一册 Unit3 language课件
新目标七年级英语上册Unit 3课件
牛津版小学英语六年级上册 Unit 5课件部分2
牛津版小学六年级英语课件Let us act
小学英语六年级上册Unit8课件
牛津版小学英语六年级下册unit1课件第二课时
小学英语六年级上册 Unit2第二课时课件
牛津版小学六年级英语课件Let is sing 活动
牛津版小学六年级英语课件Let us play a game
沪教版牛津小学六年级英语课件6AMy home m2u2_3
小学英语六年级下册Unit12课件(人教版)
2012年福建厦大附中中考英语模拟试题及参考答案
人教版小学六年级英语下册复习课件
新目标七年级英语上册第六单元课件
牛津版小学六年级英语课件Let me do
人教版小学英语六年级上册unit3 part B课件
| 不限 |
| 英语教案 |
| 英语课件 |
| 英语试题 |
| 不限 |
| 不限 |
| 上册 |
| 下册 |
| 不限 |