翻译英语惯用语不可想当然之一
一. 有些英语惯用语表达的真正含义是其喻义或引申义,如果只将其字面意义直译出来,就可能产生误译。
1. In a flash the evil intent of the vice-president to usurp power hit the president between the eyes.
误译:一刹那间,副总统篡权的罪恶意图给总统当头一棒。
应译为:一刹那间,总统明白了副总统篡权的罪恶意图。
这里to hit someone between the eyes,为to strike someone
(metaphorically speaking),喻义为使人忽然了解,使人猛然明白。而汉语中 给某人当头一棒,去无此意。
2. The changes in the education system are a step in the right direction and will improve the teaching in our school.
误译:教育体制改革朝着正确的方向迈进了一步,它将改进我们学校的教学。
应译为:教育体制改革是一个有效的措施,它将改进我们学校的教学。
这里a step in the right direction用来比喻an action which helps to
improve a situation,即有效步骤或措施。如果是将其直译,就没有反映出有 效这个表达结果的含义。
3. This is a dangerous and violent city. In some parts of it, the only law is the law of the jungle.
误译:这是一个危险的充满暴力的城市。在有些地方,唯一的原则就是森林法则。
应译为:这是一个危险的充满暴力的城市。在有些地方,唯一的原则就是弱肉强食。
这里the law of the jungle引申为principle for surviving in a violent
and dangerous situation, no rules at all,如译为森林法则,则含义不
明。弱肉强食才是准确、明了地传达了原文所要表达的意义。
4. When my ship comes in, Ill take a trop to Casablanca.
误译:当我的船进港时,我就要到卡萨布兰卡去。
应译为:当我发了财时,我就要到卡萨布兰卡去。
这里when someones ship comes in是个隐喻,指满载贵重货物的船到达港口,货主从而可获高额利润(往往表达期望)。应译为当某人变成富翁时或事业发达时,汉语的发财恰好反映了这个含义。
5. They slip out one by one and I was left holding the baby.
误译:他们一个个都跑掉了,剩下我来抱孩子。
应译为:他们一个个都跑掉了,剩下我来干这倒霉的差事。
这里be left holding the baby含义为to find oneself responsible for
doing something which someone else has started and left unfinished,与汉语中 接下烂摊子意思一致,剩下我来干这倒霉的差事表达了这层含义。
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