常用的虚拟语气句式之一
1.It is time (that)
句型 It is (high) time that + S + V(虚拟语气)
例:It is high tome that you children went to bed.
(你们小孩子们应该是早已上床在睡的时候了。)
注意:在说话时按正常作息时间小孩子们应已在床睡觉,可是事实上这些小孩在说话时还没睡,这正与事实相反,所以that的动词应使用表达与现在事实相反的虚拟语气过去时。又句式中的high是用于加强语气。
2、wish(that)从句
句型 S + wish +(that) + S + V(虚拟语气动词)
例:I wish (that) I were a frog.(但愿我是一只青蛙。)
例:I wish (that) I could swim like a frog.(但愿我能游得像一只青蛙。)
注意 如例所示,wish的宾语that的动词要使用虚拟语气的动词形式来表达,其一致的规则如下:
1、S + wish S + did (与现在事实相反).
2.S + wish S + had + p.p.(与过去事实相反)
3.S + wished S + had + p.p.(与更以前的事实相反)
例:I wish I were as tall as that big tree.(但愿我如那棵大树一样地高。)
例:I wish I had told her the truth yesterday.
(我真希望我昨天向她说了真话。事实是没有说,而我现在觉得很后悔。)
例:At that time I wished I were a doctor.
(当时我真希望我是一个医师。事实是我并不是医师。)
例:He wished he had learned Chinese before he came to China.
(他希望他来中国之前先学了中文就好了。事实是他来中国之前并未先学好中文。)
3.look, talk, as if (though)
例:He looks as if he were very ill.
(他看起来好像病得很重的样子。事实并没有病,与现在事实相反。)
例:He looks as if he had been ill for a long time.
(他看起来好像病了很久的样子。事实并没有,与现在以前的事实相反。)
例:At that time she acted as if I were her servant.
(当时她的举止好像我是她的仆人。事实是我并非她的仆人,与当时事实相反。)
例:She talked as though she had seen a ghost.
(她当时讲话好像是见了鬼似地。事实是世上并没有鬼存在,与当时以前的事实相反。)
注意: 本句式的as if (though)是好像的意思,其所指的事物若是与事实相反,当然就用虚拟语气的动词来表达(如各例句所示),但若所指的是不确定的事物,则可用陈述语气的动词来表达。
例:She looks as if she is very ill.Better send for a doctor.
(看起来她病得相当严重,最好还是去请医师来。如脸色苍白,全身无力等)
例:It looks as though it is going to rain.
(看这天色好象要下雨了。如天空已乌云密布,气温在急速下降等)
4.insist (that)
句型 S + insisted that + S + (should) V
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