一、冠词基本用法
【速记口诀】
名词是秃子,常要戴帽子,
可数名词单,须用a或an,
辅音前用a, an在元音前,
若为特指时,则须用定冠,
复数不可数,泛指the不见,
碰到代词时,冠词均不现。
【妙语诠释】
冠词是中考必考的语法知识之一,也是中考考查的主要对象。以上口诀包括的意思有:①名词在一般情况下不单用,常常要和冠词连用;②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an,确指时要用定冠词the;③如复数名词表示泛指,名词前有this,these,my,some等时就不用冠词。
二、名词单数变复数规则
【速记口诀】
单数变复数,规则要记住,
一般加s,特殊有几处:
【妙语诠释】
①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s,也就是单词如果以ch,sh,s,x等结尾),则一般加es;②以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro,hero)两菜(tomato,potato)加es外,其余一般加s;③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f,fe变为ve再加s;④英语中还有些单词没有规则,需要特殊记忆,如childchildren,mousemice,deerdeer,sheepsheep,ChineseChinese,ox oxen,manmen,womanwomen,footfeet,toothteeth。
三、名词所有格用法
【速记口诀】
名词所有格,表物是谁的,
若为生命词,加s即可行,
词尾有s,仅把逗号择;
并列名词后,各自和共有,
前者分别加,后者最后加;
若为无生命词,of所有格,
前后须倒置,此是硬规则。
【妙语诠释】
①有生命的名词所有格一般加s,但如果名词以s结尾,则只加②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时,分别加s,如果是共有,则只在最后名词加 s③如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格,这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同,A of B要翻译为B的A。
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