高考英语语法复习:副词
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,有时也能修饰名词,表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。
(一)副词在句子中的作用
副词在句子中主要用作状语,许多副词皆由形容词加-ly 构成,如:careful-carefully.
副词主要被分为以下几种:
1.时间副词,如:often,early,usually,now
2.地点副词,如:here,above,outside,below,there
3.方式副词,如:hard,fast,badly,well
4.程度副词,如:very,quite,much,still,even,almost
5.疑问副词,如:how,when,why
(二)副词在句子中的位置
时间副词和地点副词的位置
表示确定时间的副词和地点的副词,一般放在句尾,如句中同时有地点副词和时间副词,地点副词通常在前,时间副词在后。
修饰形容词和副词的程度副词,除enough后置外,一般放在被修饰词的前面。副词在此作状语。 如:
be well enough, go fast enough
修饰动词的方式副词有以下几种
修饰不及物动词时,该副词要后置,如:sing well
修饰及物动词时,可放在被修饰词之前或宾语之后;如宾语较长也可放在动词和宾语之间。如:study English hard,see clearly the words on the blackboard
及物动词和副词(如:down,on,off,in,out,up等)组成的动词词组,其宾语是名词,该名词可放在副词之前或之后:如是代词,该代词一定要放在副词前。
He cut down the tree. / He cut the tree down. / He cut it down.
4. 形容词原级、比较级和最高级的用法:
(1)两者比较情况一样,常用as+形容词原级+as句型。
He is as tall as his monitor .
(2)两者比较,表示一方在某方面不如另一方,常用not so /as +形容词原级+as句型。
A train doesnt travel so fast as a plane .
(3)三者或三者以上比较,表示某人某物最时,用the+形容词最高级+比较范围句型。
Asia is by far the largest of the seven continents .
She writes (the) most carefully of the three .
(4)比较级+and+比较级越来越
It is getting cooler and cooler in autumn.
She is becoming more and more active in taking part in social activities.
(5)the +比较级,the +比较级越越
The harder he studies , the greater progress he will make .
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