并列连词引导两个并列的词、词组或句子。
1) and 与or
判断改错:(错)They sat down and talk about something.
(错)They started to dance and sang.
(错)I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.
(对)They sat down and talked about something.
(对)They started to dance and sing.
(对)I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.
解析:第一句: and 连接两个并列的谓语,所以 talk 应改为 talked.
第二句:and 连接两个并列的动词不定式,第二个不定式往往省略to,因此sang 应改为 sing.
第三句:and 连接感观动词saw 后面的用作的宾补的两个并列分词结构,因此whisper应改为whispering.
注意:and 还可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件。(or也有此用法)例如:
Make up your mind, and youll get the chance. 拿定主意,这次你会有机会的。
= If you make up your mind, youll get the chance.
One more effort, and youll succeed. 再努力一下,你会成功的。
= If you make one more effort, youll succeed.
2) bothand 两者都。例如:
She plays (both) the piano and the guitar. 她弹钢琴,也弹吉他。
3) not onlybut (also), as well as不但而且。例如:
She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. 她不但弹钢琴,也弹吉他。
注意:not only but also 关联两个分句时,一个分句因有否定词not 而必须倒装。例如
Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.他不但喜欢读小说,甚至还会写。
4) neithenor 意思为既不也不谓语动词采用就近原则,与nor后的词保持一致。例如:
Neither you nor he is to blame. 你和他都不该受指责。
语法连词 表原因关系
1) for是并列连词,不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首,只能将其放在两个分句中间。
判断改错:(错) For he is ill, he is absent today.
(对) He is absent today, for he is ill.
2) so为连词, therefore一般为副词。例如:
He hurt his leg, so he couldnt play in the game. 他的腿受伤了,不能上场。
I think; therefore I exist. 我思故我在。
语法连词 表示转折或对比
1) but表示转折,while表示对比。例如:
Some people love cats, while others hate them.有些人喜欢猫,而有些人不喜欢。
典型例题
Would you like to come to dinner tonight?
Id like to, ___ Im too busy.
A. and B. so C. as D. but
2) notbut 意思为不是而是,后面的用词要遵循一致原则。
They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being. 这些不是动物的骨头,而是人的。
答案D.but与前面形成转折,符合语意。而表并列的and, 结果的so,原因的as都不符合句意。
并列连词引导两个并列的词、词组或句子。
1) and 与or
判断改错:(错)They sat down and talk about something.
(错)They started to dance and sang.
(错)I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.
(对)They sat down and talked about something.
(对)They started to dance and sing.
(对)I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.
解析:第一句: and 连接两个并列的谓语,所以 talk 应改为 talked.
第二句:and 连接两个并列的动词不定式,第二个不定式往往省略to,因此sang 应改为 sing.
第三句:and 连接感观动词saw 后面的用作的宾补的两个并列分词结构,因此whisper应改为whispering.
注意:and 还可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件。(or也有此用法)例如:
Make up your mind, and youll get the chance. 拿定主意,这次你会有机会的。
= If you make up your mind, youll get the chance.
One more effort, and youll succeed. 再努力一下,你会成功的。
= If you make one more effort, youll succeed.
2) bothand 两者都。例如:
She plays (both) the piano and the guitar. 她弹钢琴,也弹吉他。
3) not onlybut (also), as well as不但而且。例如:
She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. 她不但弹钢琴,也弹吉他。
注意:not only but also 关联两个分句时,一个分句因有否定词not 而必须倒装。例如
Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.他不但喜欢读小说,甚至还会写。
4) neithenor 意思为既不也不谓语动词采用就近原则,与nor后的词保持一致。例如:
Neither you nor he is to blame. 你和他都不该受指责。
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