考点点击:情态动词主要用来表示说话人的看法、态度等,它是英语动词中最难把握的一类,也是每年高考必考内容。
命题热点:为情态动词的基本用法辨析,情态动词表示态度的用法辨析,情态动词表示推测的用法辨析,情态动词在虚拟语气中的运用。
考查形式:主要体现在听力理解、单项填空和完形填空中。下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析,以便同学们复习掌握。
典例精析
一、考查情态动词的基本用法
一些常见情态动词的非常用意义往往为高考考查的焦点,考生须确切理解其含义并根据句子意思选择正确的情态动词。
例1:The interest ______be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by
both sides. declared the judge. (2004重庆)
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
例2: The room is so dirty. ______ we clean it?
Of course. (2003北京春)
A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do
分析:上述两题均考查 shall的非常用含义,当shall用于一、三人称疑问句中时,表示征求对方意见;用于二、三人称陈述句中,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。上述三题答案分别为D、B。
例3:Hes strange -- he ____ sit for hours without saying anything.
A. shall B. will C. can D. must
分析:will用来谈习惯和特性,尤其是不受时限必然发生的情况。本句意思为他很怪,能一坐几个小时一句话也不说。答案为B。
例4:John, look at the time. _______ you play the piano at such a late hour?(2005全国Ⅲ)
A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need
例5:Tom, you _____leave all your clothes on the floor like this!(2005全国II)
A. wouldnt B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not
分析:must用于疑问句,表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩,意思为偏要,硬要、干嘛;而mustnt则表示禁止、不允许,是说话人强有力的劝告。故答案分别为A、B。
例6:You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady. (2001上海)
A. might B. need C. should D. would
分析:在某些名词性从句中,should 表示惊异、意外等情绪,常译为竟然。答案分别为C。如:It seems unfair that this should happen to me. 真不公平,这件事竟然发生在我身上。
例7:_____it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
A. Should B. Would C. Could D. Must
分析:在条件状语从句中,should 表示万一,即可表示不能实现的假设,又可表示可以实现的假设。该句意思为万一明天下雨,会议就延期。答案为A。
例8:A left-luggage office is a place where bags ____ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. (2003全国卷)
A. should B. can C. must D. will
例9:The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it ______be very slow. (2005浙江)
A. should B. must C. will D. can
分析:can 表示推测时常用于疑问和否定句中,用于肯定句中常常表示理论上的可能性,用来表达事件或情况可能发生(但并不牵涉到是否真的会发生)。故答案分别为B、D。
二、考查情态动词的推测用法
1、对现在或客观事实的推测
对现在或客观事实的肯定推测一般用must, will, should, may(might)或could,语气依次递减。
例10:Helen _____go on the trip with us but she isnt quite sure yet. (2005安徽)
A. shall B. must C. may D. can
例11:Ive taken someone elses green sweater by mistake.
It ___ Harrys. He always wears green. (2005广东)
A. has to be B. will be C. mustnt be D. could be
例12:That, I think, ____ be all that I want to say.
A. can B. could C. will D. ought to
分析:must的语气最强,译为肯定、准是、想必是;should的语气次之,译为很可能、应该,指按常理推测;may (might)译为也许、大概,表示把握不大的推断,后面常跟but。could的语气最弱,译为也许、可能。答案分别为C、D、C。
对现在或客观事实的否定推测,常用cannot译为根本不可能、想必不会,表示推测的语气非常肯定, may not, might not或could not译为可能不、也许不,表示推测的语气不很肯定。
例13:You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ______ not like the design of the furniture.(2004上海春)
A. must B. shall C. may D. need
例14:--Isnt that Anns husband over there?
--No, it _______ be him ---Im sure he doesnt wear glasses. (2004全国Ⅰ)
A. cant B. must not C. wont D. may not
分析:在例13中,might just as well表示最好,还是为好,说明喜欢的可能性不大,故用may not。例14,根据后面的Im sure可以看出,推测的语气较强,故用cant译为根本不可能、想必不会,表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩,常用于否定语气较强时。答案分别为C、 A。
对现在或客观事实的疑问推测,往往用can或could,而不用may/might。
例15:Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How ______ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?(2001上海春)
A. can B. should C. may D. must
分析:对现在或客观事实的疑问推测,往往用can或could,表示惊异、怀疑、困惑、失望等感情色彩。答案为A。
2、对过去事实的推测
对过去已发生事情的肯定推测常用 must/may/might +have + v-ed,must+ have + v-ed意思为想必、准是、一定是,语气非常肯定且只能用于肯定句,may/might+ have + v-ed 意思为也许、或许表示推测的把握不大,只能用于肯定或否定句,不用于疑问句;对过去的否定推测常用 can/could /maymight not + have + v-ed,意思为不可能/可能没做过;对过去的疑问推测只用can/could + have + v-ed,意思为可能已经。
例16:He _______ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by seaside. (2005北京)
A. should B. must C. wouldnt D. cant
分析:根据后一分句判断,前一分句应该表示肯定完成了工作,故用must+ have + v-ed意思为想必、准是、一定是,语气非常肯定且只能用于肯定句。答案为B。
例17:My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he _____ your lecture.(2000上海)
A. couldnt have attended B. neednt have attended
C. mustnt have attended D. shouldnt have attended
分析:must表推测时,不用于否定,neednt have +v-ed 表示本来没有必要,shouldnt have +v-ed表示本来不应该,can/could not + have + v-ed 意思为不可能做过。故答案为A。
例18:--Do you know where David is? I couldnt find him anywhere.
-- Well. He ______ have gone far----his coats still here.(2005湖北)
A. shouldnt B. mustnt C. cant D. wouldnt
分析:cant have gone far 在此表示现在对过去所发生事情的否定推测,意思为现在不可能走远了;答案为C。
三、考查情态动词的虚拟用法
例19:Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
--You________ her last week. (2004福建)
A. ought to tell B. would have told C. must tell D. should have told
分析:对过去发生事情的责备或遗憾应用情态动词+have + v-ed,据此可排除答案A、C,而would+have +v-ed常用于过去的虚拟语气中,should(ought to)+ have + v-ed表示本应该做某事而实际上没有做,含有责备的含义。其否定式表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。故答案为D。
例20:He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free. (2005山东)
A. could B. would C. must D. need
分析:could+ have + v-ed 用于肯定句中,表示本来能够做成某事的但结果没能做成,含有遗憾的意味,侧重有能力而没能做成。该句意思为:他花钱买了座位,而他本来可以免费进去的。答案为A。
例21:You should not have swum in that river. You ____ have been eaten by fish.
A. must B. may C. will D. might
分析:前一分句的should not have swum表示责备,后一分句则表明有被鱼吃掉的可能性。might+ have + v-ed 用于肯定句中,表示本来有可能做成某事但结果没能做成,含有遗憾的意味,侧重有某种可能性但没能做成。
例22:Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
Thanks. You ______ it. I could manage it myself. (2005福建)
A. neednt do B. neednt have done C. mustnt do D. shouldnt have done
分析:neednt+ have + v-ed 表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事,无批评责备之意,只是惋惜而已。如You neednt have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.你本不需要浇花的,因为天就要下雨了。答案为B。
备考建议
掌握情态动词的基本词义及其用法是把握情态动词 的关键,同时要认真比较每个情态动词的用法,注意其细微差别,如shall, can, must, should, will的用法差异;熟悉每个情态动词的适用场合,根据语境及说话人的语气选择恰当的情态动词,如用于推测时,must只用于肯定句中,can一般不能用 于肯定句中。may/might不能用于疑问句中;牢记情态动词表示推测的用法,尤其是对过去发生情况的推测;积累虚拟语气的用法,尤其是一些句势和特殊 情况。
雅思考试回忆及名师解析
雅思写作真题网友回忆
雅思考试阅读真题回忆(网友版)
雅思阅读试题(版)
雅思英语阅读试题解析
雅思口语考试真题机经回忆及解析
雅思听力试题解析(版)
雅思英语考试作文真题回忆
雅思口语试题解析(网友回忆版)
雅思考试阅读真题答案解析
雅思写作A类大作文机经考题回顾
雅思考试作文及口语真题回忆
雅思口语考题回忆及重点解析
雅思听力回忆(网友版)
雅思写作试题(网友版)
雅思口语真题失分点补救回忆
雅思英语阅读考题回忆
雅思写作考题回忆及答案解析
雅思阅读考试回忆(网友版)
雅思写作考题回忆及答案
雅思口语考题回忆及答案
雅思听力真题回忆及答案解析
雅思考试全科真题回忆
雅思英语阅读回忆及答案(网友版)
雅思真题回忆(网友版)
雅思英语阅读真题网友回忆
雅思英语考试全科回忆及解析
雅思阅读考题回忆及答案分析
雅思口语考题回忆(网友回忆)
雅思听力真题经典题型回忆
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |