英语语法 倒装句

　　英语语法 倒装

　　在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时由于语法或修辞的需要将谓语的部分或全部提到主语前面，这样的语序叫做倒装

　　倒装的种类：部分倒装---- 助动词情态动词+主语+谓语的实义动词

　　全部倒装---- 谓语+主语

　　一. 在特殊句型中：

　　1.在疑问句中:

　　eg: Is this your cell phone number? What do you prefer?

　　2.在感叹句中：

　　eg: How happy they are! What fun it is!

　　3.在虚拟条件句中：

　　eg: If I were a bird, I could fly freely.=

　　Had I known it earlier, I wouldnt have lent him the money.

　　Long live peace! May our friendship be everlasting!

　　4.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时;

　　eg: You should have been here earlier, said the teacher.

　　You, said his father, do the housework.

　　二. 在以下结构中用全部倒装：

　　1.在there be句型中;

　　eg: There are thousands of people gathering on the square.

　　There lived an old fisherman in the village.

　　2.在here, there, now, thus, then+动词+主语的句子中,(动词为be, go, come等);

　　eg: Now comes my turn. There goes the bell. Then came the order to leave.

　　3.在out in, up down, offaway以及表示地点的介词词组位于句首时;

　　eg: Away went the crowed one by one. In came a stranger in black.

　　Down fell the leaves. On the floor were piles of old books.

　　注意：若主语是人称代词，则用正常语序---- adv.+主语+谓语;

　　eg: Out she went. Here we are.

　　4.有时为了强调表语，构成表语+连系动词+主语结构;

　　eg: Lucky is she who was chosen to be a leader.

　　Gone are the days when women were looked down upon!

　　在以下结构中用部分倒装：

　　1.含有否定意义的adv或conj(not, seldom, little, hardly, never, rarely, nowhere, not until, not only, by no means等)位于句首时;

　　eg: He cannot speak an English word.----Not an English word can he speak.

　　I have never seen him before.----Never

　　The mother didnt leave the room until the baby fell asleep.----Not until the baby fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

　　注意：not until引导的句子，主句倒装，从句不用倒装。

　　2.only位于句首，且修饰状语时，主句倒装;

　　eg: Only in this way can you use the computer well.

　　只有意识到这门课的重要，我们才能学好它。

　　Only she can settle this problem.(TF?)

　　3.so用在句首，表示另一主语也时，用So + be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语结构(有时也用as替代);若表示另一主语也不时，用NorNeither + be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语结构;

　　eg: She has been to Heifei. So have we.

　　It is cold today. So it is.(TF?)

　　She wont accept that invitation. NeitherNor will he.

　　注意：(1)So + 主语 + be(have,助动词或情态动词)表示对前面所说的话加以肯定，译为的确如此

　　(2)若前面所说的既有肯定又有否定，或前后的谓语动词形式不一致，用It is the same with + 主语或So it is with + 主语

　　eg: He worked hard, but didnt pass the exam. So it was with his sister.

　　She is a teacher and she enjoys teaching. So it is with him.

　　4.在as (尽管)引导的让步状语从句中;(可以换成though)

　　eg: Shortest though she is, she is the richest.(最高级前不用冠词)

　　Child as he is, he knows a lot.(单数名词前不用a)

　　Fail as I did, I would try again.(动词提前，助动词留在原位)

　　Hard as he tried, he couldnt pass the exam.(副词提前)

　　5.在sothat和suchthat句型中的so和such位于句首时，用sosuch + adj + 主语+谓语

　　eg: So difficult was the exam that more than a half of the students failed. 英语语法 倒装

　　在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时由于语法或修辞的需要将谓语的部分或全部提到主语前面，这样的语序叫做倒装

　　倒装的种类：部分倒装---- 助动词情态动词+主语+谓语的实义动词