A lets
1 lets通常表示建议,在间接引语中用动词suggest转述:
He said,Lets leave the case at the station.
他说:我们把箱子存在车站吧!
可转述为:
He suggested leaving the case at the station./He suggested that they/we should leave the case at the station.
他建议他们/我们把箱子存在车站。
He said,Lets stop now and finish it later.
他说:现在停下来,以后再完成它。
可转述为:
He suggested stopping then and finishing it later./He suggested that they/we should stop then and finish it later.
他当时建议(他们/我们)那时先停下来,以后再来完成。
否定式也是这样:
He said,Lets not say anything about it till we hear the facts.
他说:在我们没有听到事情的真相之前,对这件事什么话也别说。相当于:
He suggested not saying anything/saying nothing about it till they heard the facts./He suggested that they shouldnt say anything till they heard the facts.
他建议他们在没有听到事实真相之前什么都别说。
但如果单独使用lets not对一个肯定的建议做出答复,那么在转述时常用下列短语:opposed the idea/was against it/ob-jected。因此:
Lets sell the house,said Tom.
汤姆说:我们把这房子卖了吧。
Lets not,said Ann.
安说:我们别卖。
可转述为:
Tom suggested selling the house but Ann was against it.
汤姆建议把房子卖了,但是安表示反对。
2 lets/let us有时表示对一种行动的号召,这时通常由urge/ad- vise+宾语+不定式结构表示
The strike leader said,Lets show the bosses that we are united.
罢工领导人说:我们给老板看看我们是团结一致的。相当于:
The strike leader urged the workers to show the bosses that they were united.
罢工领导人鼓动工人们给老板们看看他们是团结一致的。
B let him/them
1从理论上讲let him/them表示命令。但实际上说话人对受命人时常并没有发号施令的权威:
Its not my business,said the postman.Let the government do some- thing about it.
这事与我无关。邮递员说,叫政府去想办法吧。
这里说话人并不是在发号施令,而只是表示责任在谁身上,因此这类句子通常由ought/should来转述:
He said that it wasnt his business and that the government ought to/ should do something about it.
他说这不关他的事,而是政府应该对这事想点办法。
2但有时let him/them表示真正的命令,在转述时常用say+be+不定式结构:
Let the boys clear up this mess,said the headmaster.
校长说:这些脏乱的东西该由男孩子们去收拾。相当于:
The headmaster said that the boys were to clear up the mess.
校长说那些脏乱的东西让男孩子们去收拾。
Let the guards be armed,he ordered.
他命令道:警卫人员要佩带武器。相当于:
He odered that the guards should be armed.
他命令说警卫人员必须佩带武器。
3 有时let him/them更多地表示建议而不是表示命令。在这种情况下,常用suggest或say+should来转述
She said, Let them go to their consul.Hell be able to help them.
她说:让他们去找他们的领事,他会帮助他们的。相当于:
She suggested their/them going to their consul.../She suggested that they should go to their consul/She said that they should go to their con- sul...
她建议他们去找他们的领事
4 let him/them也可以表示说话人对某事不在乎:
The neighbours will complain,said Ann.
安说:邻居会抱怨的。
Let them(complain),said Tom.
汤姆说:让他们(抱怨)去吧。相当于:
Tom expressed indifference.
汤姆满不在乎。
Tom said he didnt mind(if they complained).
汤姆说(要是他们抱怨)那他也不在乎。
C let there be
说话人这样说时可以表示命令、劝告、催促或请求:
Let there be no reprisals,said the widow of the murdered man.
害者的遗孀说:千万不要搞复仇。相当于:
The widow urged/begged that there should be no reprisals.
遗孀敦促/祈求不要去搞复仇。
D let也是一个普通动词,意为allow/permit(允许):
Let him come with us,mother;Ill take care of him,I said.
我说:妈妈,让他跟我们一起去吧,我会照顾他的。相当于:
I asked my mother to let him come with us and promised to take care of him.
我请求妈妈让他和我们一起去,并保证我会照顾他的。
[倒装]as, though 引导的倒装句
[状语从句]地点状语从句
[倒装]only在句首倒装的情况
[定语从句]as, which 非限定性定语从句
[动词的语态]动词的语态
[虚拟语气]非真实条件句
[连词]比较so和 such
[倒装]so, neither, nor作部分倒装
[倒装]倒装句之全部倒装
[句子的种类]反意疑问句
[名词性从句]否定转移
[动词的时态]一般现在时代替一般将来时
[名词性从句]引导名词性从句的连接词
[虚拟语气]虚拟条件句的倒装
[定语从句]限制性和非限制性定语从句
[动词的时态]since的四种用法
[主谓一致]并列结构作主语时谓语用复数
[名词性从句]名词性wh-从句
[虚拟语气]真实条件句
[名词性从句]名词性that-从句
[动词的语态]表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组
[主谓一致]谓语动词与前面的主语一致
[动词的时态]将来完成时
[定语从句]what/whatever; that/what; who/whoever
[主谓一致]与后接名词或代词保持一致
[状语从句]让步状语从句
[动词的时态]过去完成时
[连词]并列连词与并列结构
[动词的语态]不用被动语态的情况
[动词的时态]现在进行时代替将来时
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