A can/could/may/might I/we+have+名词/代词
在这些形式中can是最口语化的:
(a)Can I have a sweet?said the little boy.
我可以吃一粒糖果吗?小男孩问。
成人用 can I/we?时比用could I/we?的语气更自信。
could I/we?是最普遍使用的形式:
(b)Could I have a cup of tea?
我能喝一杯茶吗?
Could I have two tickets,please?
请给我两张票,好吗?
may和might要比could更正规一些,但在日常口语和书面英语中都可使用:
(c)May/Might I have a copy of the letter?
是否可以给我这封信的一份副本?
用间接引语表示这类请求时,常用ask(+间接宾语)+for+宾语:
The little boy asked(me)for a sweet.
小男孩(向我)要一块糖。
He asked for a copy of the letter.
他要这封信的一份副本。
但上面的(c)也可用下面这种方式表示为间接引语:
He asked if he might have a copy of the letter.
B can/could/may/might I/we+动词
关于它们之间的区别请见上述A。
它们可表示请求允许,但如与特定的动词如see,speak(to)与talk(to)连用时,也可表示一般的要求:
May/Could I see Mr Jones?
我能见见琼斯先生吗?相当于:
I would like to see Mr Jones.
我想见见琼斯先生。
用间接引语表示这一类的请求时,可用ask to see/to speak to等:
I asked to see Mr Jones.
我要求见琼斯先生。
但不能在ask之后再加名词/代词,这样会造成含义上的变化。
在日常口语中也可以说ask for+ 姓名等。特别是用于转述一次电话交谈时:
Caller:Could I speak to the secretary,please?
打电话者:劳驾,我找秘书讲话。相当于:
She asked for the secretary/to speak to the secretary.
她找秘书/要跟秘书说话。
C do you think/I wonder(ed)/was wondering if可位于could/ might I/we之前。有了这一类前缀成分,语气变得更谦恭或缺少自信:
I wonder/was wondering if I could have tomorrow off?
我不知道能不能明天请个假?
Do you think I could speak to the secretary?
我是不是可以和秘书谈谈了?
请注意,动词由疑问语序变成了陈述语序。
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