A 在下列情况下,这两个词可以互换使用:
1 用于请求或有关请求的问句中(但这里不使用 would not like,
Customer:Id like some raspberries,please./I want some raspberries,please.
顾客:请给我拿点儿木莓。
Greengrocer:Im afraid I havent any.Would you like somestrawberries?
蔬菜水果商:对不起,我没有木莓了。您来点草莓怎么样?
Customer:No,I dont want any strawberries,thanks.
顾客:不,谢谢,我不想要草莓。(这里不能用 wouldnt like。)
I would like常常要比 I want更有礼貌。
would you like?要比do you want?更有礼貌,也更殷勤。
would you like?可以含有愿意满足别人的希望的意思。do youwant?则不含有这种意思。因此,与顾客或客人打交道时,通常用 would you like?:
Caller:Id like to/I want to speak to Mr X,please.
打电话者:我想找X先生说话。
Telephonist:Mr X is out.Would you like to speak to Mr Y?
话务员:X先生出去了。您跟Y先生说行吗?
2 如果不是提出请求而只是谈到愿望时,可以随意用would like或want的肯定式、疑问式或否定式。它们的意思没有区别,然而,I want要比I would like显得更自信。 I want通常不用于表示不可实现的愿望:
I would like to live on Mars.
但愿我能住到火星上去。
B would like和want在下列用法中不能互换:
1 表示邀请时用 would you like?结构,而不能用do you want?结构:
Would you like a cup of coffee?
您想喝一杯咖啡吗?
Would you like to come to the theatre?
您想来剧院看戏吗?
do you want?用于此处只表示一种询问,不含有邀请的意思。
2 wouldnt like和 dont want是有区别的。
dont want表示没有某种愿望;wouldnt like表示不喜欢。因此,wouldnt like不能用来回答邀请或提议,因为在这种回答中 wouldnt like的口气将是不礼貌的。在这里常用 dontwant或其他形式来代替 wouldnt like:
Would you like some more coffee?
No,I dont want any more,thanks./No,thanks.
您再来点儿咖啡吗?
不,不要了,谢谢。
C 在过去时中这两种形式的变化不同。在间接引语中want变为 wanted,而would like不起变化:
Tom said,I would like/want to see it.
汤姆说:我想看看它。相当于:
Tom said he would like/wanted to see it.
汤姆说他想看看它。
但如果不用间接引语的结构来表示,只能说: Tom wanted tosee it(这里我们不能用would like因为Tom would like to seeit的意思是指现在或将来)。
D would like有两个过去形式:would like+ 不定式的完成式或would like+ 不定式/名词/代词。这些形式只能表示未能实现的愿望:
Id like to have gone skiing./Id have liked a days skiing.
我本想去滑雪的。(但我未能实现我的愿望。)
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