A表示在过去某一特定时间结束的动作,因此可用于:1指明发生在过去的动作:
I met him yesterday.
我昨天遇见了他。
Pasteur died in 1895.
巴斯彻于1895年去世。
2询问过去的特定时间:
When did you meet him?
你是什么时候见到他的?
3动作显然在过去某特定时刻发生时,虽然并末明确提及该时刻:
The train was ten minutes late.
火车晚点了十分钟。
How did you get your present job?
你是怎么得到现在这份工作的?
I bought this car in Montreal.
我在蒙特利尔买的这辆车。
4有时由于用现在完成时作了问答而使时间随之变得明确时:
Where have you been?
Ive been to the opera.
Did you enjoy it?
你去哪儿了?
我看歌剧去了。
你喜欢这歌剧吗?
B一般过去时用来表示一个并未指明发生在过去何时的动作,但是,(a)该动作占用了现已结束的某一段时间;或(b)该动作发生在现已结束的某一段时间之内的某一时刻。可以用图解表示如下,TS表示现在说话时的时间。
类型(a)的例句:
He worked in that bank for four years.
他在那家银行工作了四年之久。(但现在已不在那儿工作。)
She lived in Rome for a long time.
她在罗马住过很长时间。(但现在并不住在那里了。)
类型(b)的例句:
My grandmother once saw Queen Victoria.
我的祖母见过一次维多利亚女王。
Did you ever hear Maria Callas sing?
你听过玛丽娅卡拉斯唱歌吗?
上述情况与现在完成时的用法相比时就更易理解。
C一般过去时还用来表示过去的习惯:
He always carried an umbrella.
他总是带着一把雨伞。
They never drank wine.
他们从来不喝葡萄酒。
D一般过去时用于条件句类型2。
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