这类从句修饰前面的名词,使其有别于其他同类名词。这类从句对清楚了解所修饰名词的特征是必不可少的:
The man who told me this refused to give me his name.
告诉我这件事的那个人拒不说出他的姓名。
who told me this是关系从句。如果省略,句中所提到的那个人是谁就不清楚了。要注意,在被修饰的名词和限定性关系从句之间不加逗号。
限定性关系从句常常跟在the+名词之后,但也可以用于a/ an+名词、不加the的复数名词、代词all,none,anybody, somebody等以及those之后。
a/an+名词、不带the的复数名词及somebody/someone/some- thing之后的从句有时只是间接地限定这些名词/代词。
在这种情况下名词/代词常常是动词或介词的宾语:
I met someone who said he knew you.
我碰到了说自己认识你的一个人。
The book is about a girl who falls in love with
这本书是关于一个女孩,她爱上了
有时这些从句由一个词或短语将它们与名词/代词分开:
Theres a man here who wants
这儿有个男人,他想要
I saw something in the paper which would interest you.
我在报上看到了一些你会感兴趣的东西。
但是,通常关系从句应该紧跟在它们修饰的名词或代词之后:
The noise that he made woke everybody up.
他弄出的响声把大家都吵醒了。
She was annoyed by something that I had said.
她为我说的某句话而不高兴。
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